photosynthesis ap biology. the equation 6co 2 + 6h 2 o + light c 6 h 12 o 6 + 6o 2 chlorophyll...

Photosynthesis

AP Biology

The Equation

6CO2 + 6H2O + light C6H12O6 + 6O2

Chlorophyll required

Water both consumed & produced

Chloroplasts

Site of photosynthesisStructure

Double membraneThylakoidsGranum

(Stack of thylakoids)Stroma

Chloroplasts

Relating structure to functionThylakoid spaceAllows for accumulation of H+Segregates H+ from rest of organelle

Chloroplasts

Relating structure to functionThylakoid membraneContains photosystems & ETC

Chloroplasts

Relating structure to function Large number of

thylakoids Large surface area Large number of

ETC and photosystems

Chloroplasts

Relating structure to function Inner membrane Segregates

chemical of Calvin-Benson cycle from cytosol

Photosynthesis

Light Reactions

Light Reactions

Photosystem II captures light energy

P680

Light Reactions

Light energy passed to reaction center

P680

Light Reactions

2 e- boosted to higher energy state

P680

Light Reactions

2 e- passed through ETC to Photosystem IH+ gradient created; ATP produced

P680

ATP

P700

Light Reactions

Photosystem I captures light energyPasses it to reaction center

P680P700

ATP

Light Reactions

e- from P700 boosted to higher energy state

P680P700

ATP

Light Reactions

e- move through ETCe- accepted by NADP+

P680P700

NADP+

ATP

Light Reactions

2e- + 1H+ + NADP+ NADPH

P680P700

NADP+NADPH

ATP

Light Reactions

Water splite- from water replace lost e- from P680O2 leaves

P680P700

NADPH

H2O

O2

H+

ATP

Calvin Cycle

Calvin Cycle

Rubisco fixes 6CO2 to 6RuBP (5-C)

RuBP = ribulose biphosphate

3PG (3-C) produced

3PG =

3-phosphoglycerate

Calvin Cycle

3PG converted to 12 G3P

G3P = glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate

12 ATP used 12 NADPH used

Calvin Cycle

2 G3P exit cycle & used to make glucose

Glucose used to make sugars & other carbohydrates

Calvin Cycle

10 G3P (3-C) used to make 6 RuBP (5-C)

6 ATP used