philadelphia water department, green city clean waters program

Office of Watersheds Melanie Garrow

Watershed ProtectionKelly Anderson

Water Resources Modeling Josef Kardos

Regulatory Compliance and Risk Abatement

Jeremy Chadwick

Planning & Research Paul Kohl

Linear Assets PlanningErik Haniman

Energy/ResearchEmily Hill/Adam Hendricks

Facility PlanningTom Spokas

Green Stormwater Infrastructure Implementation Jessica Brooks

Private Development Services Vicki Lenoci

Bureau of Laboratory Services Gary Burlingame

GSI PlanningElizabeth Svekla

Stormwater Billing and Incentives

Erin Williams

DesignJillian Simmons

AdministrationTonya Bonner

Quality Assurance and Support

ServicesBob Eppinger

Scientific and Regulatory Affairs

Rita Kopansky

Environmental Labs

John Consolvo

Watershed Sciences

Joe Perillo

Materials Engineering LabWilliam Roscioli

Planning and Environmental Services Division (PESD) Marc Cammarata

Office of Watersheds (OOW)

Melanie Garrow

Green StormwaterImplementation

(GSI) Jessica Brooks

Planning & Research (P&R)

Paul Kohl

Bureau of Laboratory Services

(BLS)Gary Burlingame

Office of Watersheds Summary

FY18 Total Operating

Budget

$13,556,000

FY18 Operating

Contract Budget

$10,696,000

FY18 Total Capital

Budget

$550,000

FY18 Capital

Contract Budget

# of Operating Full-

time positions

# of Capital Full-time

positions

# Programs / Second

Level Managers

(3) 2nd level

managers and (2)

senior scientists

# Groups / First-level

Supervisors

(10) 1st level

supervisors

# Temporary

Employees

7 co-ops, 4 summer

interns

Planning and Research Summary

Budget

$6,009,991

FY18 Operating

Contract Budget

$3,450,000

FY18 Total Capital

Budget

Approx. $500,000

FY18 Capital

Contract Budget

time positions

positions

# Programs / Second

Level Managers

(3) 2nd level

managers with (2)

staff engineers

Supervisors

(6) 1st level

supervisors

# Temporary

Employees

4 co-ops, 1 summer

interns,

GSI Implementation Summary

Budget

$4,996,279

FY18 Operating

Contract Budget

$1,846,000

FY18 Total Capital

Budget

$15,924,270

FY18 Capital

Contract Budget

$15,000,000

time positions

positions

# Programs / Second

Level Managers

(4) 2nd level

managers

Supervisors

(11) 1st level

supervisors

# Temporary

Employees

6 co-ops, 4 summer

interns, 1 graduate

intern

BLS Summary

Budget

11,048,908

FY18 Operating

Contract Budget

$1,942,000

FY18 Total Capital

Budget

Approx. $700,000

FY18 Capital

Contract Budget

time positions

positions

# Programs / Second

Level Managers

(5) 2nd level

managers and (2)

staff senior

scientist/engineer

Supervisors

(10) professional

level supervisors

# Temporary

Employees

Approx. 10 co-ops, 2

summer interns

Philadelphia, PA

• Population: 1,526,000 (2010)

• Land Area: 135 sq. mi.• Annual Rainfall: 42 inches• Combined Sewer: 60%

Separate Sewer: 40 %

• Drinking Water - 1.73 Million customers in Philadelphia, Bucks, Montgomery and Delaware Counties)

• Wastewater - 2.22 Million customers across 5 counties

• Stormwater - Philadelphia City/County only

Integrated and Long-Term, Watershed-Wide PlanningIntegrating PWD regulatory requirements to achieve long-term health and aesthetics of our environment

Permit

Requirements

Stormwater Management

MS4 Permit

Stream and Habitat

RestorationTMDLs

Source Water

Protection

Stakeholder Goals

Future Regulatory

Requirements

Integrated Watershed

Management Plan

Watershed-Wide Issues

• Water Quality issues

• Odors

• Low Dissolved Oxygen

• Bank Erosion

• Lack of Channel Habitat and Biological Diversity

• Wetland Degradation

• Poor Public Access to Streams

• Dumping and Trash

• Vandalism

A range of soil-water-plant systems that intercept stormwater, infiltrate a portion of it into the ground, evaporate and transpirate a portion of it into the air, harvest and reuse as a resource, and in some cases slowly release a portion of it back into the sewer system

Cliveden Park Herron Playground Free Library of Philadelphia

Green Stormwater Infrastructure

GA = IC * Wd Impervious

coverWater Depth

GreenedAcre

Multi-Benefits to Investing in Green Stormwater Infrastructure

• Resilience to extreme weather / climate change

• Provide green, open space

• Advance livability and public health

• Increase market values and attractiveness

• Reduce stream pollutant loads

• Create local, green economy

• Support urban revitalization

• Enhance the infrastructure network

• Advance City-wide sustainability programs

• Transform river and stream corridors

• Preserve and restore habitat

• Maximize return on every dollar spent

• Fishable – Swimmable – Drinkable – Safe – Attractive – Accessible

Triple Bottom Line - Economic/Environmental/Social Benefits

• Economic Benefits

• Costs

• Jobs

• Property Value• Environmental Benefits

• Ecological Benefits

• Air Quality

• Energy Savings

• Carbon Footprint• Social Benefits

• Recreation

• Heat Stress Mortality

• Aesthetics

Triple Bottom Line – People / Planet / Profit Product

Environmental Benefits• Fish in streams• Swimmable streams• Habitat quality• Air quality• Energy savings• Carbon footprint

Social Benefits• Safe and accessible

streams• Recreation• Aesthetics• Public health• Social equity• Crime Reduction

Economic Benefits

• Property values

• Job creation

• City competitiveness

http://www.phillywatersheds.org/ltcpu/Vol02_TBL.pd

GREEN CITY, CLEAN WATERS COMPLIANCE TIMELINE

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

COA Deliverables:

•Green Stormwater Infrastructure Maintenance Manual Development Process Plan (6/1/12)

•Comprehensive Monitoring Plan (12/1/12)

•Facility Concpet Plans (6/1/13)

•Water Quality Model Reports (2013-2015)

COA Signed

With PADEP

June 1, 2011

First Evaluation and Adpative Management Plan Due

October 30, 2016

Implementation and Adaptive Management Plan Submitted

as the first COA deliverable on

December 1, 2011

Long-term Control Plan Submitted

Sept. 1, 2009

AOCC Signed

With USEPA

Sept, 2012

WQBEL Targets

Must be met by June 1, 2016

EPA-PWD Letter of Agreement April 10, 2012

PWDs Path to Compliance

Projects implemented on public property, in the public right-of-way, and parks

GSI completed in conjunction with replacement of water mains or sewers

PWD typically initiates, funds, designs, constructs, inspects, and maintains the stormwaterinfrastructure

Public Retrofits

Smith Playground

Development and Redevelopment Regulations

Development projects with an earth disturbance of 15,000 square feet requiring design, construction and maintenance of stormwatermanagement practices that manage at least the first 1.5 inches of rainfall

Paseo Verde

Incentivized Retrofits

Financial incentives for the private sector to build, own, operate and maintain green stormwater infrastructure on private property

Popi’s Restaurant

Investment Philosophy

Opportunities & Barriers

Diversity: Resources and Workforce

GSI Maintenance Program

• Professional Services Contracts

• Special Service Districts

• Equipment, Materials, Supplies Contracts

• Business Improvement Districts

• City Workforce

• Requirements Contracts

• Adoption Programs

• PowerCorpsPHL

Diversify

How can support at the local/state government level help programs like Green City, Clean Waters?

• All sorts of funding mechanisms – Grants, Philanthropy, State Revolving Fund for green infrastructure projects

• City sustainability efforts

• Cities seeking to evaluate amendments to procurement process (i.e. Best Value Procurement)

• Local stormwater development regulations and ordinances (including enforcement)

• Public Private Partnerships

• Innovation

• Education, Outreach, Press, Marketing, Advertising, etc. the Value of Water!

Seek Support

“Information from pilot projects will be collected to develop a cost effective GSI program by testing a variety of projects and evaluating them for a number of factors, including:

• Ability to meet performance requirements

• Ease of implementation for on-street and off-street settings

• Cost-effectiveness of various physical conditions

• Efficiency of various systems

• Effectiveness of various materials

• Ease of maintenance GSI ”

Feedback Loops

Green City, Clean Waters

How Combined Sewer Systems Work…And Sometimes Don’t

GOAL: Many Green Systems Rather Than 1 Costly Grey System

$9 Billion Tank and Tunnel

$4.5 Billion Green Approach

GOAL: Meet State and Federal Compliance

• 2009 Long Term Control Plan Update

• 2011 Consent Order & Agreement – Clean Water Act

– Enacted by PA Dept of Environmental Protection (DEP)

– Reduce Combined Sewer Overflow pollution by 85%

– 25 year program

– Manage stormwater from 34% of impervious surface citywide

– Evaluation Plans every 5 years

GOAL: Manage Stormwater and Reduce Pollution

Philadelphia’s 25-year Green Stormwater Infrastructure Program

Manage stormwater in the most cost-effective manner

Use our massive infrastructure investments to beautify communities and increase green space

Develop green infrastructure citywide

Mandate stormwater management of new development and redevelopment

Upgrade treatment plants

Consent Order and Agreement Requirements

Metric UnitsCumulative Amount as

of Year 25 (2036)

NE / SW / SE WPCP Upgrade: Design &

ConstructionPercent complete 100%

Miles of Interceptor Lined Miles 14.5

Overflow Reduction Volume

Million Gallons per Year 7,960

Equivalent Mass Capture TSS / BOD / Fecal

ColiformPercent 85%

Total Greened Acres Greened Acres 9,564

Green City, Clean Waters

What is a Greened Acre?

• An acre of impervious surface for which the stormwater is managed up to 1 inch by a green practice

• 1 Greened Acre prevents stormwater from one acre-inch of stormwater or

27,158 gallons from entering the combined sewer system

Green Stormwater Infrastructure Requirements

25-Year Implementation of Green City, Clean Waters

Year Greened Acres Square Miles% Impervious

Cover Managed

5 750 1 3%

10 2,100 3 8%

15 3,800 6 14%

20 6,400 10 23%

25 9,600 15 34%

Assumes GSI storage equivalent to 1.0 inch of runoff

Green Stormwater Infrastructure

Bureau of Laboratory Science planters Columbus Square planters

George W. Nebinger School rain garden Kemble Park rain garden

Greened Acre = IC * WdImpervious

CoverRunoff Depth

GSI on Streets, Schools, Parks and other Public Property

137 sites, 179.7 acres

PWD has completed or is in the process of designing:• 485 Stormwater Tree

Trenches• 73 Stormwater Planters• 49 Stormwater Bump-outs• 96 Rain Gardens• 12 Stormwater Basins• 141 Infiltration/Storage

Trenches• 31 Porous Paving Projects• 28 Swales• 2 Stormwater Wetlands• 33 Downspout Planters• 15 Other Projects

GSI on (Re)Development Projects and Incentivized Retrofits

266 projects, 423.4 acres

(Re) Development Projects

Incentivized Retrofits

GSI on (Re)Development Projects and Incentivized RetrofitsGSI on Streets, Schools, Parks and other Public Property

GSI on Private Development and Redevelopment Projects

GSI Through Incentivized Retrofits

266 projects, 423.4 acres

GSI on (Re)Development Projects and Incentivized Retrofits

SUCCESS!

We have not only achieved our 5 year targets, we have exceeded them!

Metric UnitsBase

Line ValueFirst 5-Year WQBEL

Target

Cumulative as of Year 5

(2016)

Miles of Interceptor Lined Miles 0 2 7.5

Overflow Reduction Volume

Million Gallons Per Year

0 600 1,710

Equivalent Mass Capture (TSS)

Percent 62% Report value 70.5%

Equivalent Mass Capture (BOD)

Equivalent Mass Capture (Fecal Coliform)

Total Greened Acres Greened Acres 0 744 837.7

5 Year GSI Costs – Design, Construction, Construction Mgmt (as of June 2016)

• (Re)Development Regulations Greened Acres: $10M– Spend approximately $2M/year in Operating costs to manage all aspects of

the Stormwater Regulations program (Plan Review Staff, Inspections and Enforcement,

Website and Data Management )

• Public Retrofit Greened Acres: approx. $40M / $225k per GA– $30.2M for Compensated Construction

– $5.5M for Professional Service Costs (Design and Construction Mgmt)

– $4M PWD Labor Costs (Design and Construction Mgmt)

• Incentivized Retrofit Greened Acres: $16.5+M– $10.5 SMIP-related Design, Construction and Construction Mgmt

– $5M GARP-related Design, Construction and Construction Management

– $1+M to date for PWD Labor (Design Reviews and Construction Inspections)

• ** Don’t forget about Maintenance Costs!

Years 6-10 Look Ahead – Double Our Output!

Metric Units WQBEL Target

Miles of interceptor lined miles 6

Overflow Reduction Volume million gallons per year 2,044

Equivalent Mass Capture (TSS) percent Report value

Equivalent Mass Capture (BOD) percent Report value

Equivalent Mass Capture (Fecal Coliform)

percent Report value

Total Greened Acres Greened Acres 2,148

Additional 1300 GA

Program Performance/Pilot Results Summary

• The performance monitoring of GSI (results of infiltration rate, storage use, and drain down duration analyses together) makes a strong case that GSI systems are performing better than predicted using current engineering design assumptions

– The systems overflow less often than predicted

– The systems experience higher infiltration rates and faster

drain down times than predicted

– The systems have more excess storage capacity available

than predicted over a range of events

Triple Bottom Line – How it begins to pay for itself

Environmental Benefits

• Fish in streams

• Swimmable streams

• Habitat quality

• Air quality

• Energy savings

• Carbon footprint

Social Benefits

• Safe and accessible streams

• Recreation

• Aesthetics

• Public health

• Social equity

• Crime Reduction

Economic Benefits

• Property values

• Job creation

• City competitiveness

http://www.phillywatersheds.org/ltcpu/Vol02_TBL.pdf

Not your Traditional Return on Investment…

• Public Health and Safety– Significant reductions in narcotics possession and narcotics manufacture

• Crime

– 10% increase in urban tree canopy was associated with a roughly 12% decrease in crime

• Mental Health

– Areas that have the most trees along the streets also had fewer prescriptions for antidepressants

– …people reported less mental distress and higher life satisfaction when

they were living in greener areas

– Life satisfaction increased by 2% and psychological distress decreased by 4%

– As green space increased within a 2.5-mile radius of where they lived, overall well-being increased proportionally

Michelle Kondo

The Impact of Green Stormwater Infrastructure

Installation on Surrounding Health and Safety

American Journal of Public Health

September, 2014

Not your Traditional Return on Investment…

• Academics

– Richer and poorer areas saw similar increases in scores with increasing

vegetation

– …that surrounding greenness has approximately equal effects on student academic performance regardless of financial status or gender

– …consistent and systematically positive relationships between nature exposure and student performance

– Views with greater quantities of trees and shrubs from cafeteria as well as classroom

windows are positively associated with:

• standardized test scores, graduation rates, and percentages of students

planning to attend a four-year college

• restoration from mental fatigue and stress reduction

Where we are going next…

• Innovation– Cost reduction and efficiencies particularly within Design, Construction,

Maintenance and Monitoring elements

– Standardizing best practices

– Expanding programs and incentives for private green infrastructure activities

– Alternative Project Delivery Methods– National GSI Practitioners Information Exchange

• Continue to generate more Green Jobs

• Monitoring performance at scale

• Grow community partnerships to engage in planning and to address local needs

• Integrate CSO controls with flooding and climate change

PWD 2017 Organizational Chart

Office of Watersheds and GSI Organizational Chart

Pathway to Green

Elizabeth Svekla, AICPGreen Stormwater Planning

Jillian Simmons, PEGreen Stormwater Design

Meg MalloyGreen Stormwater Operations

GSI Planning, Design, and MaintenanceSeptember 13, 2017

GSI PLANNING

BACKGROUND | Building GSI in Philadelphia

Stormwater Regulations

(Development)

Incentivized Retrofits(SMIP/GARP)

Public Retrofits(Green Streets, Parks, Facilities, etc.)

Green City, Clean Waters Goals

The three main ways Green Stormwater Infrastructure (GSI) is built in the city…

GSI PLANNING | Starting Point

• Street and Sidewalk Width

• Number of Parcels on Street

• Building Setback

• Presence & Use of On-Street Parking

• Presence of Street Trees

• Existing Utilities

• Slope

• Soils / Infiltration Capacity

• Community Support & Capacity for Maintenance

• Concurrent Projects

GSI PLANNING | District Planning Approach

GSI PLANNING | Priorities

Surface vs. Subsurface Systems

Volume and Water Quality

Alignment with other Initiatives

GSI PLANNING | Full Process

Study AreaAnalysis

Large Area Disconnection

Analysis

Capital Alignment

RecommendedProjects

Planning Process

Methods for Project ID

GSI PLANNING | Process

GSI PLANNING | Detailed Analysis

GSI PLANNING | Opportunities

Playgrounds & Rec Centers

GSI PLANNING | Project Types

Park Sites

School Yards

Vacant Land

Libraries & City Facilities

Large Projects

GSI PLANNING | Example Study Area

GSI PLANNING | Packaging

Renderings

GSI PLANNING | Concept Development

• GSI Planning and Design Manual

• GIS Base Map

• Data Tracking Spreadsheet

• PlanIT Database and Map Interface

GSI PLANNING | Key Resources

GSI DESIGN

DESIGN | Outline

1. Organization

2. Process & Approach

3. Typical SMP Types

4. Resources

5. Lessons Learned

DESIGN | Organization

DESIGN | Process

• Maximize the Managed Drainage Area

• Achieve water quality goals

– Promote infiltration and evapotranspiration

– Slow release where infiltration not feasible

• Minimize Cost

• Adhere to Philadelphia Water standards

• Consider Site Context

DESIGN | Approach

DESIGN | Subsurface Storage

DESIGN | Bumpout

DESIGN | Planter

DESIGN | Rain Garden

DESIGN | Swale

DESIGN | Large Subsurface Storage

DESIGN | Key Resources

www.philadelphiawater.org/gsi/planning-design

WORKFLOW

• Outlines roles and responsibilities for provider and PWD staff

• Summary and detailed workflows with descriptions for each step

DESIGN | GSI Planning & Design Manual

Guidelines & Requirements

• Section 3.3 of Manual

• Guidelines on general principles

• Detailed requirements that must be followed

DESIGN | GSI Planning & Design Manual

Landscape Design Guidebook

• Guidelines for plant selection and placement

• PWD Approved GSI Plant List

• Example planting plans for various SMPs

DESIGN | Landscape Design Guidebook

• Functional details for:– Tree trench– Stormwater tree– Planter– Bumpout– Permeable Pavement– Rain Garden

• Component details for:– Inlets– Pipes– Some SMPs– Energy dissipation– Landscaping– Monitoring– Traffic protection

DESIGN | Standard Details

• Used to generate metrics reports that PWD will upload to GreenIT metrics tracking database

DESIGN | GreenIT Data Entry Application

• Survey & Drawing Standards

• Geotechnical Testing Guidelines

• Project Summaries Guidance Manual

DESIGN | Other Resources

• Establish standards early in program

• Keep talking, set-up feedback loops to improve upon standards

• Consider existing use of site; community input can be a key factor in design decisions

• Investigate site history and existing conditions thoroughly

• Incorporate time in schedules for internal/external review times and changes from stakeholders

• Set up regular coordination meetings with internal reviewing units and external reviewing agencies/partners

DESIGN | Lessons Learned

GSI Maintenance

MAINTENANCE

• Inspection:– Visual/photographic & video– Record condition of vegetative and structural

features (pipes)

• Maintenance:– Trash and sediment removal– Jetting and Vactoring– Weeding, pruning, etc.– New product testing– Structural repairs– Erosion control– Reseeding / Watering

• Reporting:– Labor effort & materials– Defects

• Creating Standards and Protocols:– Required tools & crew size– Frequency – Repairs

ASSET TRACKING

181719

FY17 Q4 Currently Maintained SMPs by Type

Green Roof

Pervious Paving

Bumpout

Planter

Infiltration/Storage Trench

Rain Garden

Stormwater Tree

Tree Trench

n= 618

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

SMP CountProjected

100000

150000

200000

250000

300000

350000

400000

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Vegetated Area (ft2)Projected

MAINTENANCE MAPS | CityWorks

PHOTO POINTS | Vegetation and Seasonal Changes

INSPECTION PROGRAM

SUBSURFACE MAINTENANCE

DIVERSITY | Resources and Workforce

PowerCorpsPHL

Green Stormwater Infrastructure Partnerships

City Agency Partnerships:

• Streets

• Parks

• Vacant Land

• City Facilities

Non-City Partnerships:

• Philadelphia School District

• Philadelphia Housing Authority

• SEPTA

• Universities: Temple, Drexel, University of Pennsylvania

City Agency Partnerships: Green Streets

• 125 Green Streets Complete

• 175 Green Streets Underway

• Tree trenches, stormwater planters, bumpouts, porous streets

• Partners: Streets Department, Commerce, PennDOT, SEPTA, Planning Commission

• Monthly Project Review

• Quarterly Green Streets Coordination

• Green Streets Maintenance MOU 2013

• Green Streets Design Manual 2014

GOALS:

Incorporate GSI into all City transportation investments

Joint transportation funding applications

Align capital planning, repaving, ADA ramps

Initiate pilot technologies (green gutter)

Passayunk Avenue Lane Removal: FHWA Funded, 2013

58th Street Greenway : TIGER Funded, 2013

Bartram’s Mile Greenway – 2.7 Greened Acres, 2017

Management of Private Runoff in Public SMPs – American Street Pilot

Public ROW Drainage Areas

Potential Private Drainage to

Disconnect to ROW SMPs

American Street : 30 Greened Acres, Construction 2018-2019

• Streets, Commerce, PennDOT, Planning Commission• $11+ Million Federal Transportation Funds• $5 M TIGER Grant / $1.325 M design fund match from PWD• Construction 2018-2019

Porous Streets & Parking Lots

PROJECTS:

• I-95 Stormwater Management Regulations

• Penn’s Landing Cap Park

GOALS:

Manage impervious surface from PennDOThighways as they undergo expansion

Gain PennDOT approval to develop GSI in state-owned city streets

Prioritize street reconstruction within the city for federal funding that includes stormwater management costs

Ensure maintenance of stormwatersystems constructed to meet regulations

Green Street Partnerships: PennDOT

• 12 Park Projects Complete

• 40 Park Projects In Design

• City Partners: Parks and Recreation, Dept Public Property

• Non-Profit Partners: Fairmount Park Conservancy, Pennsylvania Horticultural Society, Trust for Public Land

• GSI Maintenance MOU Drafted

• Rebuild Partnership [City Soda Tax]

GOALS:

Incorporate GSI into all City park investments; Maximize stormwatermanagement on park properties

Work with non-profit partners to identify funding for non-GSI elements: play equipment, benches, lighting, etc

Ensure maintenance of stormatersystems constructed to meet regulations

City Agency Partnerships: Parks and Recreation

Herron Playground: Philadelphia Parks & Rec Renovation Partnership, 2012

Liberty Lands Park: PWD-led Project, Community Owned & Maintained, 2011

Ralph Brooks Park: Connor Barwin & Make the World Better Foundation, Urban

Roots, Councilman Kenyatta Johnson, Mural Arts, 2015

Wissinoming Park: PWD-led Project, 2016

• 1 Projects Complete

• 4 Projects in Design

• Partners: Public Property, Art Museum, Philadelphia Free Library, Police Department, Fire Department, Prisons, Health, Fleet

• City Facilities Maintenance MOU Drafted

GOALS:

Incorporate GSI into all City facility investments; Maximize stormwatermanagement on city facility property in parking lots and other open spaces

Ensure maintenance of stormater systems constructed to meet regulations

City Agency Partnerships: City Facilities

Philadelphia Zoo – 2012-2014

City Agency Partnerships: City Facilities

• 5 Projects Complete

• 8 Projects in Planning / Design

• City Partners: City Council Dept Public Property, Redevelopment Authority, Philadelphia Land Bank

• Non-Profit Partners: Neighborhood Gardens Trust, Local CDCs and Civics

GOALS:

Identify stormwater management opportunities on vacant lots prioritized for permanent greening by communities and city council members

PWD-led projects that manage ROW runoff

Acquire MOUs with City Property to ensure permanency of GSI

Work with community groups for stewardship and maintenance of sites

City Agency Partnerships: Vacant Lands

Heston Lot: City Council Partnership, 2016

City Agency Partnerships: Vacant Lands

City Agency Partnerships: Brownfield Sites

Partners: Commerce Department, Office of Sustainability, Farm Philly / Urban Ag, City Legal Counsel

Land Use History for parcel-based projecst: Sanborns, Zoning records

Industrial or other potential contaminant uses are further investigated

Former graveyards also a concern

EPA Brownfields Assessment Grant Effort

Urban Gardens

Vacant Lots for GSI

Potential future consideration for Brownfields Cleanup Grants

Excavation can assist in remediation

• 13 Grant-Funded Green Schools Complete

• 5 Grant-Funded Schools in Design

• 2 PWD-led Schools in Design

• Partner: Philadelphia School District

• Non-Profit Partners: Community Design Collaborative, Trust for Public Land, The Big Sandbox

GOALS: Provide grant funds for District and

Partners to build GSI in schoolyards

Develop an easement agreement for PWD to build GSI in schoolyards that manages runoff from adjacent neighborhoods

Work with non-profit partners to identify funding for non-GSI elements: play equipment, benches, lighting, etc

Ensure maintenance of stormwater

systems constructed to meet regs

City Agency Partnerships: Green Schools

Green Schools Educational Programming

Partnership with Community Design Collaborative and Philadelphia School District

www.cdesignc.org/schoolyards

Green Schools Design Guide

Green Street Friends School: Grant-Funded, Community-Led, 2012

Green Schools

William Dick : Grant-Funded, Trust for Public Land, 2014

Green Schools

George Nebinger School: Grant-Funded, 2013

Green Schools

George Nebinger School: Grant-Funded, 2013

Green Schools

• 3 Green Streets Projects In Design

• $30 Million Choice Neighborhoods Grant

• Partner: Philadelphia Housing Authority

• Additional Partners: Habitat for Humanity, City Division of Housing and Community Development, Local Developers

GOALS:

Maximize stormwater management in new housing developments, including green streets.

Jointly pursue funds for housing development and redevelopment of low-income communities

Ensure maintenance of stormwatersystems constructed to meet regs

Retrofit existing housing projects to manage stormwater

City Agency Partnerships: Public Housing

3RD & FAIRMOUNT

33RD & DAUPHIN

GRANTS & LEVERAGED FUNDS $10.8 MILLION STREETS

$3.3 MILLION SCHOOLS

$2.9 MILLION PARKS

$30 MILLION PUBLIC HOUSING

$2 MILLION GSI RESEARCH

$49 MILLION TOTAL

• $47 million PWD investment + $60 million private• $1 million local tax revenue• $1.46 million local GSI industry • 14% increase GSI industry, 2013-14• 1,430 local jobs each year

Economic Impact of First 5 Years

You’re Ripping Up My Sidewalk for What?!You’re Ripping Up My Sidewalk For What?!

Tiffany Ledesma

Public Affairs Division

Public Engagement Team

1. GSI Notification & Outreach Process• Formal process for notifying

communities about each GSI project• Primary goal is to inform.

PWD provides a two-pronged approach

2. GSI Wrap-around Programming• Programs and tools that reach a

broader audience• Primary goal is to inspire and help

people take action

Public Engagement Approach Overview

•Notify community•Attend meeting to solicit feedback

Planning

• Notify community

• Attend meeting to solicit feedback

• Environmental education in schools

Design

• Formal letter to residents, City Council and community leaders

• Automated calls to residents

• Attend meeting to provide construction notice

Construction

• Ribbon cuttings

• Soak it Up Adoption

• Continue education and partnership

Post Construction

GSI Notification Process

• Purpose: work with residents in their own backyards.

• Example:• Rain Check – PWD

offers funding for residents to install stormwater management

Residential Programs

Rain Check participant with new downspout planter.

What’s in the Toolbox?

FREE Rain Barrels! Cost Share

Downspout Planter

Masonry (De-paving &

Porous Paving)

Rain Garden

~4,500 barrels distributed since 2006!

More Info: www.phillywatersheds.org/raincheck

• Purpose: engage with organized residents like civic associations or neighborhood groups for mutual benefits

• Example:

• Adoption Program

Community Programs

Soak it Up Adoption Training

• Purpose: inspire and engage the public.

• Examples:• Murals

• Street art

• Stormdrain markers

Art & Interpretation

Vinyl decals incorporated into outreach notification process

• They reinforce each other

• Engage different audiences

• Wrap-around programming provides space for experimentation

• Allows program flexibility and ability to scale

Importance of a Two-part Approach

Perception - Green City, Clean Waters

1. Annual utility customer satisfaction surveys

• Helps us find out city-wide results of our reach

• About all projects, not just green infrastructure

2. Survey of partners and engaged customers

• Analyze engagement through partners

3. Community meeting outreach surveys

• Feedback about projects at community meetings

• Longitudinal over a project

4. Focus Groups

• Overall customer experience and satisfaction w/ PWD

Supplements:• Focus Groups• Testimonials

Green City, Clean Waters Partner Survey (2016)• Methodology: pushed through partners

• Makes PWD aware of people’s preference about GSI, what their concerns are about, and levels of awareness.

• Future goals with this: over time, analyze opinions and perceptions of a more non-civically engaged audience

5. Where would you like to see Green Stormwater Infrastructure in your community? (Select all that apply)

Schools

Recreation

Centers Parks

Streets and

Sidewalks Alleys

Commercial

/ Shopping

Districts

Private

Residential

Parking

Vacant

Land Other

Yes 71.1% 64.8% 69.3% 71.8% 47.9% 57.2% 55.4% 62.8% 62.8% 7.2%

No 28.9% 35.2% 30.7% 28.2% 52.1% 42.8% 44.6% 37.2% 40.2% 92.8%

Perception

Green City, Clean Waters Partner Survey (2016)

How familiar are you with Green Stormwater Infrastructure?

Extremely

Moderately

Slightly

Not at All

28%56%

How likely are you to support public investment in Green Stormwater Infrastructure if it resulted in improvements to the health of local rivers and watersheds?

VeryUnlikely

Unlikely

Neutral

Likely

Very Likely

Community Meeting Surveys

• We frame these surveys to the public as taking public input and feedback, rather than evaluating our outreach efficacy

Indicators Familiarity of Green City, Clean Waters

Support of project

Concerns about project

Actual and preferred notification method

Call to action

Demographics

Additional questions & concerns

(open ended response)

Using Survey Data

39% of community

meeting attendees want

to manage stormwater on

their property

Expansion of adoption

program, coordination

with GSI Maintenance

50% of community

meeting attendees are

concerned about long

term maintenance

Integration of Rain

Check program into

community meeting

presentation AND

presenting projects at

workshops

Perception: “Overall Customer Experience & Satisfaction with PWD” Focus Groups

• Overall positive perception of PWD as a “public utility”

as compared to other utilities/privatized companies:

“Unlike other departments, the PWD believes in my quality

of life. I think the PWD is changing the landscape and

beautifying the city. Targeting issues where flooding is a

problem.”

-Focus Group

participant

Vinyl decals incorporated into

outreach notification process

Negative and positive responses listed. Relevant responses

to GSI only listed under “positive.”

• “Green City, Clean Waters”

• “Transformation of vacant lots”

• “Innovative projects

• “People who work at PWD really care about the City”

• Incentivize Rain Check (“give us a discount on water

bill”)

Communications | Social Media Strategy

Nearly Half of Americans Get News Online – and that number is growing

79% of internet users (68% of all U.S. adults) use Facebook

Growing tool for neighborhood-level organizing

Prevalence of inexpensive smart phones with web and social media: digital outreach can be effective in more communities

Communications | Social Media Strategy

The Watersheds Blog: 2-3 Posts Per Week –creates custom content for social media + email communications

Event Listings and Calendars:Building an online presence for events and meetings

E-blasts and Newsletters:Approx. 14K subscribers + growing. Provides a direct line to most dedicated and invested residents/customers

Large and Growing Audience

• Thousands of positive customer and partnership interactions each month

• Twitter alone averages close to 100K impressions/month

• Largely unpaid posts: no cost beyond staff time used to create messages

• Can be increased + targeted with small advertising budget

Social Media Bottom line

• Social media and web are accessible tools for reaching big audiences and people who might not get more traditional messages

• We can set the tone which influences the messaging carried by leaders and influencers.

• Can’t replace tools like flyers and phone calls or personal outreach,

• Not the top tool for driving outreach, but already too important to ignore … and likely to become a bigger source of engagement

• PWD is learning more all the time and investing more in a strong digital strategy

Thank you! Questions? tiffanyledesma@phila.gov

Would you be willing to deal with

temporary inconveniences of

construction in your neighborhood

if it resulted in improvements?

GSI Unit: Private Development Services

Regulatory Context

PWD’s ability to establish regulations is through City Code

2006: Chapter 6 Regulations established

2011: Consent Order & Agreement signed

2015: Chapter 6 Regulation Update

Project Applicability: Regulations are City-Wide

• Development over 15,000 SF disturbance must manage stormwater on-site

o 5,000 SF in Darby Cobbs

o Wissahickon Overlay in Zoning Code

Technical Requirements

Review Process

• Pre-requisite to L&I Permits

Construction and Inspection

Operation and Maintenance

PWD Stormwater Regulations

Requirement: Infiltrate the first 1.5 inches of runoff from 100% of impervious surfaces

Goal: Reduce flow to sewers and waterbodies

Applicability:All development projects

Water Quality Volume

Water Quality Rate

Requirement: Detain and slowly release at 0.05 cfs/ac of impervious area

Goal: Slow flow to treatment plants

Applicability:Non-infiltrating SMPs in the combined sewer area

Water Quality Treatment

Requirement: Treat 100% of impervious area through a pollutant reducing SMP

Goal: Decrease mass of pollutants to waterways

Applicability:Non-infiltrating SMPs

Flood Control: Reduce peak discharges below existing ratesApplicability: Redevelopment projects, can be exempted with 20% reduction in impervious area

Channel Protection: Detain and release the 1year stormApplicability: Projects over 1 acre, not in the Schuylkill or Delaware

Public Health and Safety Rate: Detain and slowly release 1-10yr storms at very low ratesApplicability: Select sewersheds

Resources Stormwater Plan Review Website

• Online ERSA Application and web-based Guidance Manual• General information about stormwater management• User login and project status information

Guidance Manual • Follows project life cycle from

conceptual planning to post-construction maintenance

• Content is fully searchable and links connect related information

Stormwater Tracking Database• Internal system tracking critical

project information: applicability, project contacts, compliance data, and review status

Review ProcessConceptual Review (5-day)

Online application and upload plans via website

Preliminary review of site layout, SWM strategy, and utility connections

Pre-requisite to the City Zoning Permit

Technical Review (15-day)

Full engineering review, including E&S

Joint review with PADEP for >1 acre

Operation & Maintenance Agreement

Pre-requisite to the City Building Permit

Active Construction Inspection

Inspector assigned to each site

Pre-construction meeting to review sequencing, procedures, E&S

Must notify inspector before starting SMP construction

Submit Construction Certification Package for each SMP and related features

Enforcement with Notice of Violation and Stop Work Order

Project Closeout

Final inspection and walk-through

• Project: property owner, engineer, and contractor

• PWD: technical reviewer and inspector

Record Drawing

Verified project data

Encourage applicant to apply for credits

Post Construction Inspection

Inspect installed SMPs to ensure maintenance and functionality

• Inspection frequencies align with PWD permit commitments

• Perform outreach and education with property owner responsible for maintenance

• Monitor systems to evaluate performance and design standards

Enforcement mechanisms to ensure compliance

Regular maintenance is a requirement of O&M Agreement and to continue credit on stormwater bill

GSI Unit: Stormwater Billing & Incentives

Parcel Based Billing for Stormwater

www.phillystormwater.org

Residential properties charged uniform monthly charge

Non-Residential and Condominium properties charged based on Gross Area and Impervious Area measurements for the parcel

Stormwater Credits

Private properties with maintained SMPs are eligible for stormwater credits

• Non-residential only

• Includes development and voluntary retrofit projects

PWD offers up to 80% credit for the management of 1” of stormwater

Approximately 250 properties currently receiving credits

Credits must be renewed every 4 years

• Recommended annual inspection by qualified professional

• Required every 4 years with renewal application

Stormwater Management Incentives

www.phila.gov/swgrants

SMIP & GARP Grants

PWD in partnership with PIDC provides money to

• Non-residential property owners for design and construction of SWM project (SMIP)

• Companies or project developers to design and build SWM across multiple properties in combined sewer (GARP)

Owners/customers receive stormwater fee credits

PWD receives property interest for 45 years

Owners must maintain stormwater projects to continue receiving credits and as condition of receiving grant funds

Why does PWD offer grants?• Direct response to impacted customers• Helps PWD with Greened Acre targets

outlined in CO&A• PWD and customer can share the costs

of stormwater management• Grant can cover design and

construction costs

What projects are eligible?• Non-residential properties NOT owned

by City, State or Federal government• Stormwater Retrofit projects OR

Development projects <15,000 SF OR those that go ‘above and beyond’ regulation requirements

SMIP and GARP Grant Programs

Cardone Industries, 5401 Whitaker Avenue

58 awards

• 14 GARP sites

• 44 SMIP sites

$30.5 million awarded

• $13.5 million GARP

• $17 million SMIP

372 acres managed

Both programs focus on cost-efficient projects that maximize return to the customer and PWD.

Ribbon cutting at W&W Realty, 2001 N. 59th Street

SMIP and GARP Grant ProgramsSummary to Date

• It’s possible for a project subject to the Regulations to also receive grant funding, e.g. Settlement Music School

• Project is assigned one reviewer (from Plan Review staff) with guidance from Credits staff as needed

• Project held to regulatory standards and must meet requirements of Stormwater Management Guidance Manual

SMIP + Development Projects

Settlement Music School, 6128 Germantown Avenue

• Located in Germantown

• Required to meet Regulations for area within the limit of disturbance (entire site except for existing building)

• Awarded $140,000 to manage runoff from additional impervious area (existing building, Germantown Ave, surrounding residential properties)

• SMPs include Porous Asphalt and Bioretention

• Additional Savings ~$2,000 per year

SMIP + Development ProjectsSettlement Music School Example

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