pertemuan 24 managing knowledge for the digital firm
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Pertemuan 24Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm
Matakuliah : M0084/Sistem Informasi dalam Manajemen
Tahun : 2005
Versi : 1/1
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Learning Outcomes
Pada akhir pertemuan ini, diharapkan mahasiswa
akan mampu :
• Mahasiswa dapat Menguraikan pentingnya menjaga pengetahuan yang dimiliki perusahaan (C2)
• Mahasiswa dapat Menghubungkan beberapa metode baik secara kultur maupun sistem dalam menata pengetahuan perusahaan (C4)
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SYSTEMS DEVELOPMENT KNOWLEDGE AND SKILL
• The development of information systems requires certain knowledge and skills
• It is possible to identify not only the types of knowledge and skill needed by information specialists and users, but also how users can be divided into general management and their staff
• Table 4.1 identifies the types of knowledge needed and whether they are of major, intermediate, or minor importance
• In the same way, we can identify different types of skills and their relative importance (Table 4.2)
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Knowledge Management • This knowledge relates to the firm's processes,
technology, management, and interactions with its environmental elements
• Firms are embarking on projects to develop knowledge management systems for the purpose of achieving a competitive advantage
• Firms typically regard KM as another type of system to be developed as an IS that gathers knowledge, stores it and makes it available to users
• Table 4.3 lists the challenges that must be faced by firms in developing KM systems
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A Successful KM Development Project at Nortel Networks
• Nortel Networks (using knowledge management software from Excalibur Technologies) credits its pilot KM project with enabling its transformation from a technology-focused company to one that is opportunity/customer-focused
• The old new product development system illustrated in Figure 4.10 consisted of a five-phase process
• The new project involved an NPD system that enabled Nortel to: – leverage multidisciplinary NPD knowledge assets;– improve NPD decision making; and – facilitate learning and knowledge exchange
1.12 © 2003 by Prentice Hall
Organizational learningOrganizational learning
• Creation of new standard operating Creation of new standard operating procedures and business processes procedures and business processes
Knowledge managementKnowledge management
• Set of processes Set of processes
• Creates, gathers, stores, maintains, and Creates, gathers, stores, maintains, and disseminates knowledgedisseminates knowledge
KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT IN THE ORGANIZATION
Essentials of Management Information SystemsEssentials of Management Information SystemsChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm
Organizational Learning and Knowledge Management
1.13 © 2003 by Prentice Hall
Chief Knowledge Officer (CKO)Chief Knowledge Officer (CKO)
• Senior executive in charge of Senior executive in charge of organization’s knowledge management organization’s knowledge management programprogram
KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT IN THE ORGANIZATION
Essentials of Management Information SystemsEssentials of Management Information SystemsChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm
Organizational Learning and Knowledge Management
1.14 © 2003 by Prentice Hall
Tacit KnowledgeTacit Knowledge
• Expertise and experience not formally Expertise and experience not formally documenteddocumented
Best PracticesBest Practices
• Successful solutions or problem-solving Successful solutions or problem-solving methods developed by specific methods developed by specific organization or industryorganization or industry
KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT IN THE ORGANIZATION
Systems and Infrastructure for Knowledge Management
Essentials of Management Information SystemsEssentials of Management Information SystemsChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm
1.15 © 2003 by Prentice Hall
Organizational MemoryOrganizational Memory
• Stored learning from organization’s Stored learning from organization’s history history
• Used for decision making and other Used for decision making and other purposespurposes
KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT IN THE ORGANIZATION
Essentials of Management Information SystemsEssentials of Management Information SystemsChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm
Systems and Infrastructure for Knowledge Management
1.16 © 2003 by Prentice Hall
IT Infrastructure for Knowledge Management
KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT IN THE ORGANIZATION
Essentials of Management Information SystemsEssentials of Management Information SystemsChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm
Figure 10-1
1.17 © 2003 by Prentice Hall
• Consists of creating or processing Consists of creating or processing informationinformation
• Divided into knowledge workers and data Divided into knowledge workers and data workersworkers
INFORMATION AND KNOWLEDGE WORK SYSTEMS
Essentials of Management Information SystemsEssentials of Management Information SystemsChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm
Information Work
1.18 © 2003 by Prentice Hall
Office systemsOffice systems
• Manage and coordinate work of data and Manage and coordinate work of data and knowledge workersknowledge workers
• Connect work of local information workers Connect work of local information workers with all levels and functions of organizationwith all levels and functions of organization
• Connect organization to external worldConnect organization to external world
• Example: Word processing, voice mail, and Example: Word processing, voice mail, and imagingimaging
INFORMATION AND KNOWLEDGE WORK SYSTEMS
Distributing Knowledge: Office and Document Management Systems
Essentials of Management Information SystemsEssentials of Management Information SystemsChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm
1.19 © 2003 by Prentice Hall
INFORMATION AND KNOWLEDGE WORK SYSTEMS
The Three Major Roles of Offices
Figure 10-2
Essentials of Management Information SystemsEssentials of Management Information SystemsChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm
1.20 © 2003 by Prentice Hall
Document imaging systemsDocument imaging systems
• Convert documents and images into digital Convert documents and images into digital form form
• Can be stored and accessed by the computerCan be stored and accessed by the computer
JukeboxJukebox
• Device for storing and retrieving many optical Device for storing and retrieving many optical disksdisks
Typical Office Systems
INFORMATION AND KNOWLEDGE WORK SYSTEMS
Essentials of Management Information SystemsEssentials of Management Information SystemsChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm
1.21 © 2003 by Prentice Hall
INFORMATION AND KNOWLEDGE WORK SYSTEMS
Components of an Imaging System
Figure 10-3
Essentials of Management Information SystemsEssentials of Management Information SystemsChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm
1.22 © 2003 by Prentice Hall
INFORMATION AND KNOWLEDGE WORK SYSTEMS
Web Publishing and Document Management
Figure 10-4
Essentials of Management Information SystemsEssentials of Management Information SystemsChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm
1.23 © 2003 by Prentice Hall
Knowledge Work Systems (KWS)Knowledge Work Systems (KWS)
• Information systemInformation system
• Aid knowledge workers in creation and Aid knowledge workers in creation and integration of new knowledge integration of new knowledge
Creating Knowledge: Knowledge Work Systems
INFORMATION AND KNOWLEDGE WORK SYSTEMS
Essentials of Management Information SystemsEssentials of Management Information SystemsChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm
1.24 © 2003 by Prentice Hall
Changes in the Construction Project Management Process
INFORMATION AND KNOWLEDGE WORK SYSTEMS
Essentials of Management Information SystemsEssentials of Management Information SystemsChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm
Figure 10-5
1.25 © 2003 by Prentice Hall
• Specialized toolsSpecialized tools
• User-friendly interfaceUser-friendly interface
Requirements of Knowledge Work Systems
INFORMATION AND KNOWLEDGE WORK SYSTEMS
Essentials of Management Information SystemsEssentials of Management Information SystemsChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm
1.26 © 2003 by Prentice Hall
Requirements of Knowledge Work Systems
INFORMATION AND KNOWLEDGE WORK SYSTEMS
Essentials of Management Information SystemsEssentials of Management Information SystemsChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm
Figure 10-6
1.27 © 2003 by Prentice Hall
• Computer-aided design (CAD)Computer-aided design (CAD)
• Virtual reality systemsVirtual reality systems
• Virtual Reality Modeling Language (VRML)Virtual Reality Modeling Language (VRML)
• Investment workstationsInvestment workstations
Examples of Knowledge Work Systems
INFORMATION AND KNOWLEDGE WORK SYSTEMS
Essentials of Management Information SystemsEssentials of Management Information SystemsChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm
1.28 © 2003 by Prentice Hall
• GroupwareGroupware
• Intranets and Enterprise Knowledge Intranets and Enterprise Knowledge EnvironmentsEnvironments
• Enterprise information portalsEnterprise information portals
• TeamwareTeamware
Sharing Knowledge: Group Collaboration Systems and Enterprise Knowledge Environments
INFORMATION AND KNOWLEDGE WORK SYSTEMS
Essentials of Management Information SystemsEssentials of Management Information SystemsChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm
1.29 © 2003 by Prentice Hall
An Enterprise Information Portal
INFORMATION AND KNOWLEDGE WORK SYSTEMS
Essentials of Management Information SystemsEssentials of Management Information SystemsChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm
Figure 10-7
1.30 © 2003 by Prentice Hall
• Effort to develop computer-based Effort to develop computer-based systems that behave as humanssystems that behave as humans
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
Essentials of Management Information SystemsEssentials of Management Information SystemsChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm
What is Artificial Intelligence?
1.31 © 2003 by Prentice Hall
• Artificial Intelligence:Artificial Intelligence:
– Stores information in active form
– Creates mechanism not subjected to human feelings
– Eliminates routine and unsatisfying jobs
– Enhances organization’s knowledge base
– Generates solution to specific problems
Why Business is Interested in Artificial Intelligence
Essentials of Management Information SystemsEssentials of Management Information SystemsChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
1.32 © 2003 by Prentice Hall
The Artificial Intelligence Family
Essentials of Management Information SystemsEssentials of Management Information SystemsChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
Figure 10-8
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