other sleep disorders ao2 explanations of sleep disorders: narcolepsy sleep walking
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Other Sleep Disorders AO2Explanations of Sleep disorders:NarcolepsySleep Walking
Narcolepsy Refresher
• Psychological explanations ▫Lehrman and Weiss, 1943 – disguise sexual fantasies
•REM▫Caused by malfunctions in the system regulating REM
sleep, hence cataplexy, hallucinations etc.
•HLA▫Honda et el 1983 – increased HLA – mutation of immune
system.
•Hypocretin▫Low levels of this neurotransmitter which regulates
emotion and homeostasis in the hypothalamus (Sakuri, 2007)
Somnambulism (Sleep-Walking)• Incomplete arousal▫ Brain activity shows delta waves (SWS) and beta waves (Awake)
– brain is not fully aroused
• Risk factors▫ Sleep deprivation, alcohol, fever, stress, psychiatric conditions
(Plazzi et al, 2005)▫ Hormonal changes at puberty▫ Some people may have inherited vulnerability – diathesis stress
model
• Why children?▫ Children have more SWS▫ System which normally inhibits motor activity not sufficiently
developed (Oliviero, 2008)
• Psychological causes▫ Sleep walking result of acting out dreams representing repressed
traumas and anxieties
From the hand out and your own knowledge…• In pairs, you should work on either Sleep-
walking or Narcolepsy (one each). When you are done, swap!
•Find:•1 x IDA•2 x studies•1 methodology•1 x RWA
Narcolepsy Sleep-walkingRWA – treatments being worked on involving artificial hypocretin replacement
RWA – Jules Lowe used sleep walking research as defence in murder case
Study 1 – Vogel, (1960)/Siegel (1999)
Study 1 – genetic link – Broughton (1968)/Lecendreux et al (2003)
Study 2 – Migon et al (1997) Study 2 – Diathesis-stress model support – Zadra et al (2008)
IDA – Biological approach supported by research into hypocretin as a cause
IDA – Psychological cause unlikely – refutes Psychodynamic approach
Methodology – animals used in research
Methodology – lab experiments, problems with measuring sleep etc.
Implication check…•Does it say what the information
you have discussed in M and I suggests about the explanation for narcolepsy/sleep walking?
•Does it say how you know this?
•Does it make a justified judgement upon the value/usefulness of the explanation?
•Does it link back to the question?
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