osteoarthritis and you i.m. doctor, m.d. my office my city, state
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OSTEOARTHRITIS AND YOU
I.M. Doctor, M.D.
My Office
My City, State
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The information in this presentation was provided to the presenter by the American Academy of
Orthopaedic Surgeons and may be modified.
Endorsement of this presentation by the AAOS is not implied or inferred.
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Osteoarthritis and You
Orthopaedics and the Bone and Joint Decade
Osteoarthritis
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What is an orthopaedic surgeon?
MD who specializes in treatment and health maintenance of musculoskeletal system (bones, joints, ligaments, muscles, tendons, cartilage and spine)
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What is an orthopaedic surgeon?
The expert in treating the musculoskeletal system
The expert in maintaining musculoskeletal health
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Educating an Orthopaedic Surgeon
College Medical School Internship Orthopaedic
Residency Fellowship (optional) 2 Years Practice
TOTAL
4414(1)2
16 years!16 years!
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What do orthopaedic surgeons do?
Diagnose Treat
Medication Physical Therapy Exercise Brace Surgery
Prevent
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Osteoarthritis
Your Orthopaedic Surgeon
Getting You Back In The Game
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Osteoarthritis
Nearly 27 million Americans age 25 and older have osteoarthritis
46 million U.S. adults report doctor-diagnosed arthritis
As the U.S. population ages, these numbers are likely to increase dramatically.
People who have doctor-diagnosed arthritis is projected to increase to 67 million in 2030.
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Bone Fibrous capsule
Joint space filled with synovial fluid Articular
cartilage
Synovial membrane
Synovial Joints
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Spine
HandsHips
KneesFingers
Osteoarthritis
Feet
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Pain
Avoidance of
Motion
IncreasedMuscle
Tightness
Loss of Motion
Osteoarthritis (Inflammation of Joints)
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Healthy Knee
Osteoarthritic Knee
Cartilage
Osteoarthritis
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Who is affected by osteoarthritis?
Before age 45, osteoarthritis occurs more frequently in males.
After age 45, it occurs more frequently in females
Gender:
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Burden of Disease
11 million visits to physicians offices 815,000 hospitalizations
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Symptoms
Pain in affected joints
Pain worse with prolonged overuse
Pain better with rest and exercise
Stiffness relieved by flexing
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Diagnosis
Physical exam X-rays Blood test to rule
out other diseases
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Diagnosis
Osteoarthritic kneeHealthy knee
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Diagnosis
Before your appointment:
Prepare to describe your symptoms
Gather medical history
Make list of medications
Write down questions and concerns
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Diagnosis
During Your Appointment1. What should I expect from my
treatment?2. What effect will my treatment
have on my daily activities?3. What can I do to prevent further
disability?
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Diagnosis
Location, duration, & character of symptoms
Appearance of joints Results of clinical
diagnosis tools
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Causes
Primary Osteoarthritis: Most Common
Thought to be result of aging Decreased ability of cartilage to repair
itself Ligaments and muscles supporting joints
weaken
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Causes
Secondary Osteoarthritis Obesity Trauma Surgery Abnormal joints Gout Diabetes Hormone disorders
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Treatment
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Treatment
Health and behavior modifications
Drug therapy Intra-articular treatment Surgery Experimental/alternative
treatments
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Medication: NSAIDs
NSAIDs are nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs Aspirin Ibuprofen Naproxen
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Vitamins & Nutritional Supplements
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Vitamins & Nutritional Supplements
Glucosamine
Chondroitin Sulfate
Some positive results Mild to moderate pain relief
If benefits not seen within 8 weeks, not likely
Proceed with caution
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Alternative Medicine
Complementary Approaches May:Ease symptoms
Improve outlook and attitude
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Alternative Medicine
Complementary Approaches Will Not:
Cure acute illnessReplace proven medical
treatments for osteoarthritis
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Exercise
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Exercise
Strengthening exercises can help
Correct positioning is critical
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Exercise Dos
Include flexibility, strengthening, and aerobic exercises
Exercise when pain and stiffness lowest
Exercise when you are not tired Exercise when medication
having greatest effect
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Exercise Dos
Always warm-up and cool down
Start slowly, progress gradually
Avoid becoming chilled or overheated when exercising
Use heat, cold, & other pain reducers
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Exercise Dos
Use aids like walking sticks or canes if needed
Expect minor discomfort Use two-hour rule: No more
pain two hours after exercising than before you started
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Exercise Dos
Talk to your doctor first
Consider athletic trainer or physical therapist
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Exercise Don’ts
Do too much too soon Hold your breath while
exercising Take extra medication
before unless your orthopaedic surgeon suggests it
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Heat & Ice
Moist Heat Towels, hot packs, bath, or
shower 15-20 minutes 3 times each day
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Heat & Ice
Cold Therapy Ice packs 10-15 minutes at a time
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Too Much Exercise
Consult your doctor if these symptoms are present:
Unusual or persistent fatigue Increased weakness Decreased range of motion Increased joint swelling Continued pain 1 hour after exercising
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Asking Questions About Surgery
Why? Alternatives Benefits and for how long?
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Asking Questions About Surgery
Duration of recovery? Assistance at home? How long? Disability after surgery? Physical therapy? Return to normal activity?
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Surgery
Arthroscopy Surgical abrasion
of cartilage
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Surgery
Pre-Osteotomy Post-Osteotomy
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Knee Hip
Surgery: Total Joint Replacement
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Name: Karen SkinnerAge: 51
Condition: Torn Meniscus and Osteoarthritis of Knee
Getting You Back in The Game
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Emerging Knowledge and Future Research
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AAOS Research Agenda
Developed a summary of common OA research questions
Moving beyond drug testing and surgical outcomes
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AAOS Research Agenda
1) Inflammatory response & OA disease
2) Important risk factors3) Genes that trigger OA4) Impact of improved implant
design5) Biological & mechanical factors
that influence OA
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OA Knee Research Agenda
6) Cartilage cell transplantation & other soft tissue grafts
7) Impact of standardized criteria for diagnosis
8) Exploration of factors that account for high incidence rates
9) Societal impact of OA10) Activity and exercise levels and OA
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Osteoarthritis
If you are experiencing chronic or recurring pain, stiffness, or swelling around a joint, consult your physician
Your orthopaedic surgeon can determine what type of arthritis you have and make treatment recommendations
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www.aboutarthritis.com
www.nih.gov/niams/
Resources
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What are your questions and concerns?
Osteoarthritis and You
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Thank you for participating today
Remember, your orthopaedic surgeon
can help get you back in the game
Osteoarthritis and You
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