10 common orthopaedic injuries i.m. doctor, m.d. my office my city, state
TRANSCRIPT
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The information in this presentation was provided to the presenter by the
American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons and may be modified.
Endorsement of this presentation by the
AAOS is not implied or inferred.
Thank you toA. Herbert Alexander, MD
for his significant contributions to the content of this presentation.
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What is an orthopaedic surgeon?
MD or DO who specializes in treatment and health maintenance of musculoskeletal system (bones, joints, ligaments, muscles, tendons, cartilage and spine)
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What is an orthopaedic surgeon?
The expert in treating the musculoskeletal system
The expert in maintaining musculoskeletal health
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Educating an Orthopaedic Surgeon
College Medical School Orthopaedic
Internship and Residency
Fellowship (optional) 2 Years Practice
TOTAL
445 (1)2
16 years!16 years!
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What do orthopaedic surgeons do?
Diagnose Treat
Medication Physical Therapy Exercise Brace Surgery
Prevent
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Common Orthopaedic Injuries
1. Ankle Sprain2. Plantar Fasciitis3. Tennis Elbow4. ACL Tear5. Meniscus Tear
6. Shoulder Dislocation
7. Rotator Cuff Tear8. Stress Fractures9. Carpal Tunnel
Syndrome10.Distal Radius
Fracture
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Acute vs. Overuse Injuries
Acute - sudden trauma such as sprains, strains, bruises, and fractures
Overuse - series of repeated small injuries
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Ankle Sprain
Ligament injury Ankle pain,
tenderness, swelling
One or more of these ligaments can be torn or stretched.
Twistingforce
Illustration reproduced with permission fromThe Body Almanac, Rosemont, IL American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, 2003
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Ankle Sprain
R.I.C.E. Rehabilitation Anti-
inflammatory Brace
Illustration reproduced with permission fromThe Body Almanac, Rosemont, IL American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, 2003
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Plantar Fasciitis - Treatment
Warm up well before sports or activities
Ice heel, 20-30 minutes after sports or stretching
Anti-inflammatories Night splint Massage
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Plantar Fasciitis
Prepare before running Wear good, supportive shoes Arch support Keep feet strong Avoid activities that cause heel
pain See orthopaedic surgeon if pain
persists
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Tennis Elbow
Warm up, stretch before play Correct, maintained
equipment Condition beforehand Evaluate cause
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ACL Injury
Direct blow to knee Non-contact injury,
with foot planted and an and attempted change in direction
Landing on straight leg Making abrupt stops
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ACL Tear
Normal anatomy Hyperextension
Femur
Anteriorcruciateligament
AnteriorcruciateligamenttearsPatella
Tibia
Fibula
Femur slips
Illustration reproduced with permission from The Body Almanac, Rosemont, IL American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, 2003
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ACL Tear
Treatment – surgical Incidence of ACL much higher
among female athletes Combination of causal factors
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ACL Tear- Prevention
Land safely from jumps
Practice cutting maneuvers
Use little steps to stop
Strengthening exercises
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Meniscus Tear
Helps knee joint carry weight, glide, and turn
Twisting injury Football and other
contact sports
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Normal Shoulder
Reproduced with permission from Thompson WO, Warren RF, Barnes RP, Hunt S: Shoulder Injuries in Schenck RC (ed): Athletic Training and Sports Medicine, 3rd Edition. Rosemont, IL American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, 1999
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Traumatic Shoulder Dislocation
Intense pain Shoulder looks out of place or locked
in certain positions Muscle spasms Bruises, swelling, numbness,
weakness
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Traumatic Shoulder Dislocation
Reproduced with permission from: Soft Tissue Trauma, in Bernstein J (ed):Musculoskeletal Medicine. Rosemont, IL American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, 2003
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Traumatic Shoulder Dislocation
Closed grip pull-downs Rotation exercises Resistance exercises Surgery
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Rotator Cuff Tear
Prevention
Avoid repetitive activities with the arm at shoulder level or higher
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Stress Fractures
Lateral malleolus
Tibia
Fibula
Metatarsals
Medial malleolus
Phalanges
Talus
Calcaneus
Talus
Midfoot(tarsals)
Ankle joint(tibiotalar joint)
Illustration reproduced with permission fromThe Body Almanac, American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, 2003
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Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
Splint or brace at night Cortisone injections Anti-inflammatories Surgery to release ligament
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Distal Radius Fracture
Also known as wrist fracture
Fall on outstretched hand
Snowboarders, skaters
Nondisplaced - cast
Displaced - surgery
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Wrist Fracture – Cast Care
Keep it dry Don’t pull out the
padding Don’t stick objects inside Keep dirt, sand & powder
out Don’t break off or trim
edges
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Wrist Fracture – Cast Care
Signs of trouble: Increased pain & feeling cast is too
tight Numbness or tingling in the hand Burning or stinging Excessive swelling in the hands and
fingers Loss of active movement of fingers Loosening
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Overuse Injuries
Change intensity, duration, frequency
Warm up Heat before, ice
after
Cross train Technique
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Boomeritis®
Exercise - key, but . . .
Bike accidents prevail
Mortality > children
< 50% wear helmets
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Treatment
R.I.C.E. Alter or stop sports activities Physical therapy & medication Surgery may be warranted
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When to See the Physician
Inability to playDecreased ability to play
Visible deformitySevere pain
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Preventing Sports Injuries
Know and abide by rules Wear appropriate protective gear Know how to use equipment Never “play through pain”
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Preventing Sports Injuries
You should NOT feel pain Hold stretch 30 seconds Relax into the stretch
Stretching:
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American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons
6300 N. River RoadRosemont, IL 60018
www.orthoinfo.org
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