nvivo and your literature review - marketing … · a step by step guide. ... , sentences or...

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HowtouseNVivoforyourLiteratureReview.

Astepbystepguide.

The first thing youmustdo is identify the appropriate literature to read. These couldbe journalarticles,books,reports,websitesorarangeofotherdocuments.Animportantaspectoftheprocessis managing your references. I use a referencemanagement platform called Refworks, I will beexplainingitsuseinmynextarticle.Beforeallelseyouwillneedtocopythecitationofthearticleyou are reviewing so that it can be pasted into NVivo, this will help you remember where thedocument came from. If this is your first review thenyouwill need to createanewNVivo file, Irecommendyounameitthesubjectareayouarefocusingon.

WithNVivoopen,createanewdocumentbyclickingonthe‘Create’tab,thenselect‘Document’thiswillbestoredin‘Source’,‘Internal’(seefigure1).

Figure1:Creatingadocument.

Namethedocumentusing‘Author’and‘Year’asthenomenclature(i.e.,Shaw2017).Pastethefullreferenceatthetopofthedocument,thencopyandpastetheabstract.Reviewyourchosenpieceofliterature,thenwhenyoufindsomethingofinterest,copyandpasteitintotheNVivodocumentasanewparagraphandnotethepagenumber.Pastinganexactcopygivesyoutheoptionofeitherparaphrasingitatalaterstageorusingthedirectquoteinyourwork(thisiswhyyouneedthepage

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number).Onceyouhavedonethishighlighttheparagraphthengive itaname(anode/code/theme). If it is a new node then right click yourmouse and select ‘Code Selection’ then ‘CodeSelectionatNewNode’,typeinyournode/code/themename(thisislikelytobeasectionheadingyouwilluseinyourliteraturereview),seefigure2aand2b.

Figure2a:Codeselection.

Figure2b:Codeselection(naming).

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Ifitisanexistingnodeorifyouarenotsureifyouhaveuseditbeforerightclickyourmouseandselect‘CodeSelection’then‘CodeSelectionatExistingNode’,lookuptheappropriatenodethentickthebox,seefigure3aand3b.

Figure3a:Codeselection(Existing).

Figure3b:Codeselection(Existing).

Continuetheprocessuntilyouhavecompletedreviewingthechosenpieceof literature.Youcanreviewwhatyouhavedonebyclickingonthe‘View’tab,then‘CodingStipes’then‘AllNodesCoding’.Thiswillpresentthenodesontheright-handsideofthedocument.Note,eachword,sentenceorparagraphcanhavemorethanonetheme(code)seefigure4aand4b.

Figure4a:Selectingcodingstrips.

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Figure4b:Codingstripsexample.

Onceyouhavereviewedallthearticles,books,websitesetc,youcanstartthinkingabouthowtostructureyourliteraturereview.Todothisyoumustfirstrevieweachnode,justclickonNodes(leftwindow),youwillseeallyournodes/themes,youcansortthembyclickingonthereferencetab,seefigure5.

Figure5:Viewingnodes(themes).

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Whenyouclickontheselectednameofthenodeitwillopenshowingyoutheaggregateddatathatyouhavesaved(figure6).

Figure6:Viewingnode(theme)details.

Thiswillillustratealltheauthors(youhavereviewed)thathavegivenanopinionabouttheelementofliteratureyouhaveconsidered.Youmustthendecideifitisworthyofaplaceinyourliteraturereview.Ifyouclickonthehyperlinkitwillopentheoriginaldocument,youcannowretrievethewholereferenceifrequired.Youmustcreatealistofallyourchosenliterature(IdothisinRefworks,andasstatedearlierIwillbecoveringthisinmynextarticle).

If,whilereviewingthenodesyoudecideoneneedschangingyoucansimplyrightclickonthenodetochangethepropertiesthroughthe‘GetInfo’function:thiscanonlybedoneifnamedoesalreadyexist(seefigure7aand7b).Therearealsowaystomergenodesorcreateahierarchyfromthem,Iwon’tgothroughthedetailsnowbutwillcovertheminalaterarticle.

Figure7a:Changingnodename.

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Figure7a:Changingnodename.

OverallSummary:

1. CreateanNVivoProject.2. Identifytheliteratureyouwanttoreview.3. Createadocumentin‘Sources–Internal’.4. Nameyourdocument:AuthorYear.5. CopythefullreferenceintoNVivo.6. CopytheabstractintoNVivo.7. Identifywords,sentencesorparagraphsthatareuseful.8. Copyandpastetheseusefulwords,sentencesorparagraphsintoNVivo.9. Addthepagenumber.10. Highlightwhatyouhavecopiedandgiveitanode/theme.11. Repeatprocessuntilliteraturereviewcomplete.12. Sortandreviewnodestodeveloptheliteraturereviewstructure.