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National Aerospace InitiativeNational Aerospace InitiativeNational Aerospace Initiative
Dr. Ron SegaDr. Ron Sega
Director, Defense Research & Engineering
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• Background – Transformation• The National Aerospace Initiative (NAI) Overview• NAI – High Speed / Hypersonics• NAI – Space Access• NAI – Space Technology• Conclusion
NATIONAL AEROSPACE INITIATIVE
Agenda
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Knowledge
SpeedAgility
Lethality
• Transformation Attributes
• Transformation Technology Initiatives
– National Aerospace Initiative
– Surveillance and Knowledge Systems
– Energy and Power Technologies
Transformation Technology Initiative
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• What Are You Trying to do?
– Goals: Challenging, Achievable, & Measurable
• By When?
– Pace: Users, Industry, & Other Advocates
• What Difference Will it Make?
– Payoffs: Military/Commercial Capability
• What Makes You Think You Can do it?
– Technical: “GOTChA” Process
– Financial: Roadmaps vs. Budgets
Technology Planning Questions
NATIONAL AEROSPACE INITIATIVE
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National Aerospace Initiative-- Technology Framework --
NAI
Space Access
Expendable(Missiles)
Reusable[Mach 0 - 12]
Reusable Launch Vehicle
Long-RangeStrike
[Mach 0-7]
Air-Breathing 1st Stage (TSTO)
[Mach 0 - 12]
4<Mach<15
Mach<4
2nd Stage Rocket Engine
FlexibleComm
ISR
• Strategic Focus• Technical Coordination• Aerospace Workforce
TCT/NPRDoD/NASA
Space Commission
Synergy Goal: 1 + 1 + 1 > 3
SpaceTechnology
High Speed Hypersonics
ResponsivePayloads
Space Maneuvering
Vehicle
Space Control
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Aircraft follows aballistic pathback to theatmosphere
Restart engine &return to airfield
Once out of theatmosphere, the rocketseparates from the aircraftfirst stage
Re-entry of spentexpendable 2nd stage
2nd stage rocket burn
3rd stage rocket burn Top stage burn providesorbit insertion and trim
Supersoniczoom
maneuver
Ballistic coast out ofthe atmosphereafter the zoom
maneuver
50 KFT
100 KFT
200 KFTZoom
Coast
DARPA RASCAL PROGRAM-- High Speed / Hypersonics --
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-- International Perspective --
• Foreign Experience / Expertise Growing-- Excellent Ground Test Facilities-- Long-Term Commitment for Aerospace Investment-- Examples of Hypersonic R&D
China – (TAD 2015) Hypersonic Aircraft Dev Mach 5France – 1999 Scramjet Ground Demo Mach 6 – 7.5Germany – 2002 Air Defense Flight Demo Mach 6.5India – 2002 Cruise Missile Flight Demo Mach 2.0-3.0Russia – 1991 Scramjet Flight Demo Mach 6Australia – 2002 Scramjet Flight Demo Mach 7.6
• Serious Threat to Current U.S. Systems by End of Decade-- Strategic/Tactical Standoff Capability Threatened-- Aircraft Survivability Threatened
• U.S. Government / Industry Aerospace Knowledge Base is Eroding
• National Aerospace Initiative is Needed to Sustain AmericanAerospace Leadership
NATIONAL AEROSPACE INITIATIVE
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NATIONAL AEROSPACE INITIATIVE
NAI
Space Access
Expendable(Missiles)
Reusable[Mach 0 - 12]
Reusable Launch Vehicle
Long-RangeStrike
[Mach 0-7]
Air-Breathing 1st Stage (TSTO)
[Mach 0 - 12]
4<Mach<15
Mach<4
2nd Stage Rocket Engine
FlexibleComm
ISR
• Strategic Focus• Technical Coordination• Aerospace Workforce
TCT/NPRDoD/NASA
Space Commission
Synergy Goal: 1 + 1 + 1 > 3
SpaceTechnology
High Speed Hypersonics
ResponsivePayloads
Space Maneuvering
Vehicle
Space Control
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Expendable
Mach<4 Mach 4-12
High SpeedTurbine
RocketBoost
Scramjet“missile”
shapeRocket Boost
Scramjet Waverider orLifting BodySupersonic
CruiseMissile
Long RangeWeapon-Strike-Interceptor
Mid RangeWeapon-Strike-Interceptor
Re-Usable
Mach 0-7 Mach 0-15
Hydrocarbonfueled
Turbine-based
CombineCycle w/
Waverider
Long RangeStrike
Hydrogen-fueled
Turbine-basedCombine Cyclew/Lifting Body
ResponsiveSpaceAccess
Building BlockTechnologies
High-SpeedTurbine
ThermalProtection
Turbine-basedCombined
Cycle
Aerodynamics
Building BlockTechnologies
High-SpeedTurbine
ThermalProtection
Hydrogen Fuel
HydrocarbonScramjet
Aerodynamics
“Short Life” “Long Life”
Capabilities
Demonstrations
Flight Regimes
Technology Development Approach-- High Speed / Hypersonics --
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Turbine Engines
Aircraft & Missiles• Today• Mach 0-3
Combined Cycle Engines (Cruise) - Hydrocarbon / Hydrogen Powered Scramjets
Hypersonic Interceptor• Long-Range/100,000 ft Cruise• Mach 10+
Mid-Term
LRC
Combined Cycle Engines (Accelerator) - Hydrogen Powered Scramjets
Access to Space• Responsive/Flexible• Mach 8-12
Far-TermNear-Term
LRC
Fast Response Standoff Weapon• Rapid Response• Time-Critical Targets• Mach 5-8
Hydrocarbon Ram / Scramjets
LRC
NAI High Speed / Hypersonics Options-- Engine Combinations / Capability Off-Ramps --
Rapid Strike / Recce Aircraft• Rapid Global Response• Mach 5-10
2002 2008 20252016
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Mach Number per Year to 2012
1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 20200
5
25
Mac
h N
um
ber
10
15
F-4
SR-71
F-15 F-16 F-22
Hydrocarbon Scramjet Mach 4-7
Production
NAI
RamjetMach 3-4
High Speed TurbineMach 2-4
X-15
Concorde
XB-70
B-2F-117
Hydrogen ScramjetMach 8-15
Missiles
Strike Aircraft
Space AccessX-Vehicles
NATIONAL AEROSPACE INITIATIVE
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DARPA/Navy Scramjet R&D
HYFLY Weapon Characteristics• 2150 lb Launch Weight, Length 183”• 250 lb Penetrator - F/A 18 E/F Compatible 400 Nmi Flyout - VLS Compatible - 600 Nmi Flyout
FY03 FY04 FY05 FY06 FY07
Heavyweight Ground TestFlight weight Ground TestHYFLY Flight TestsAdv Technology Develop - Booster Demo - Short Combustor DC Demo - Composite Structure FabN78 High Speed Strike AOA
Engine inlets
Payload/FuelSuccessful Ground Test - May 30, 2002
Hypersonic Flight Demonstration Program (HYFLY)
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NATIONAL AEROSPACE INITIATIVE
NAI
Space Access
Expendable(Missiles)
Reusable[Mach 0 - 12]
Reusable Launch Vehicle
Long-RangeStrike
[Mach 0-7]
Air-Breathing 1st Stage (TSTO)
[Mach 0 - 12]
4<Mach<15
Mach<4
2nd Stage Rocket Engine
FlexibleComm
ISR
• Strategic Focus• Technical Coordination• Aerospace Workforce
TCT/NPRDoD/NASA
Space Commission
Synergy Goal: 1 + 1 + 1 > 3
SpaceTechnology
High Speed Hypersonics
ResponsivePayloads
Space Maneuvering
Vehicle
Space Control
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Common SystemAttributes
Rocket or Airbreather
• “Aircraft-Like” Ops• Reliable & Maintainable• Supportable & Operable• Responsive• Alert Capable• Rapid Turn Time• Autonomous Operations• Minimal ground crew• Low cost• Minimal facilities• CONUS launch / recover• Low operations cost
• Responsive Space Access
• Rapid Global Reach
2015 2025
Access To Space
NATIONAL AEROSPACE INITIATIVE
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Phase III - 2025• Sustained 12 Hr Turn• 1,000 Sortie Airframe• 500 Sortie Propulsion & Systems• Marginal Sortie Cost $1M• Reliable (1/5,000 Sorties)• Most Weather (Cat 3)• Reduced Weight (DMF) – 15%• 24% Payload Fraction (3X)
Phase II - 2015• Sustained 1 Day Turn• 500 Sortie Airframe• 250 Sortie Propulsion & Systems• Marginal Sortie Cost $5M• Reliable (1/2,000 Sorties)• Weather Tolerant (Cat 2)• Reduced Weight (DMF) – 10%• 16% Payload Fraction (2X)
2000 2008 20252016
Mid Term
Phase I - 2008• Sustained 7 Day Turn• 250 Sortie Airframe• 100 Sortie Propulsion &
Systems• Marginal Sortie Cost $10M• Reliable (1/1,000 loss rate)• Weather Sensitive (Cat 1)• Low Weight (DMF) – SOA• 8% Payload Fraction
Near Term
BASELINEShuttle,
DC-X, X-33, SLI Far Term
NAI Space Access-- System Payoffs/Requirements --
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02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
HC Boost H2 Boost
MIS/CAV
SMV
Operations
$6B+ Past Tech Investment
NAI Space Access-- Technology & Development Roadmap --
MNS AOA
New 2ndStage
Commercial SpaceShuttle IOC
Cargo Only
CrewIOC
NGLT
System AcquisitionIOC FOC
NASA
ORD
Airframe
FlightSubsystems
NationalAerospaceInitiative
Continuing S&T Advancement
IOC 120 Day Study
Propulsion
FOC
Payloads
Y-Vehicle Flight Test
Follow On X-VehiclesFlight TestX-42
DOD
Field Repair/Spares Distribution
Depot/SupportInfrastructure
Maintainer
Operations
IVHMIVHM
Field Repair/Spares Distribution
Depot/SupportInfrastructure
Maintainer
Operations
IVHM
Field Repair/Spares Distribution
Depot/SupportInfrastructure
Maintainer
Operations
IVHM
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NATIONAL AEROSPACE INITIATIVE
NAI
Space Access
Expendable(Missiles)
Reusable[Mach 0 - 12]
Reusable Launch Vehicle
Long-RangeStrike
[Mach 0-7]
Air-Breathing 1st Stage (TSTO)
[Mach 0 - 12]
4<Mach<15
Mach<4
2nd Stage Rocket Engine
FlexibleComm
ISR
• Strategic Focus• Technical Coordination• Aerospace Workforce
TCT/NPRDoD/NASA
Space Commission
Synergy Goal: 1 + 1 + 1 > 3
SpaceTechnology
High Speed Hypersonics
ResponsivePayloads
Space Maneuvering
Vehicle
Space Control
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Technology Development Approach -- Space Technology --
• Space Control:
Space Situational Awarenessand Ability to Defend SpaceSystems
• Responsive Payloads:
Quick response deployment andemployment of space capabilities
• Intelligence SurveillanceReconnaissance:
Persistent, Global Intelligence,Surveillance and Reconnaissancefor the Warfighter
• Flexible Communications:Deliver the right information to theright place at the right time
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• High bandwidthend-to-end
• Realtime Engagement
NAI Space Technology Goals-- Responsive Payload Emphasis --
Space Control
Architecture
Future ISR
Architecture
Transformational
Com
m A
rch
• Air-to-Air Laser Comm• Air-to-Space Laser Comm• Space-to-Space Laser Comm• Space-to-Ground High Datarate RF• Programmable Multi-Band Sat Comm
• Bistatic Engagement• Joint Hyperspectral Capability• Real-Time ISR Fusion• Large InflatableAntenna (100m)
• Realtime Space Control Ops • Space Protection Testbad• Electric Laser in Space• Rapid Reconstitution of Space Capabilities
• Ground-to-Air Laser Comm• Direct Theater Downlink and Uplink• Programmable TT&C
• Airborne ISR• National Assets• Fused Collections• Large InflatableAntenna (30m)
• Autonomous and Proximity Ops• Predictive Space Situational Awareness• Rapid On-Orbit Checkout• Rapid Payload Processing• High Altitude Airship
• High ISP Microsat
2000 2008 20252016
Mid TermNear Term Far Term
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NAI Space Technology-- Intelligence Surveillance Reconnaissance --
MEO HSI
LEO SBR
MEO SBR
Near Term (FY03 – FY06)• Airborne ISR• National Assets• Fused Collections
Mid-Term (FY07 – FY10)• Space ISR Experiments• Real Time Fusion• Space-Air Bistatic Engagement
Far-Term (FY11 – FY20)• Space ISR Constellation• Real Time Engagement• Multi-INT Experiments
Transformation:Persistent, Global ISR
for the Warfighter
Transformation:Persistent, Global ISR
for the Warfighter
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National Aerospace Initiative-- Conclusion --
• Advancing U.S. Aerospace Capabilities is Critical forNational Security, Civil, and Commercial Sectors
• Space Architecture Options Would Increase if Access toSpace was Responsive, Flexible, and Affordable
• Leap-Ahead Technologies are Developed for High SpeedStrike, Space Access, and Space Missions
– Emphasis on Rapidly Advancing Technology, FlightTests, and Technology Demonstrations
– Stair Step Approach Provides “Off-Ramps” for FieldingSystems
• NAI is an Integrated, National Approach to SustainAmerican Leadership in Aerospace
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