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National Aerospace InitiativeNational Aerospace InitiativeNational Aerospace Initiative

Dr. Ron SegaDr. Ron Sega

Director, Defense Research & Engineering

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• Background – Transformation• The National Aerospace Initiative (NAI) Overview• NAI – High Speed / Hypersonics• NAI – Space Access• NAI – Space Technology• Conclusion

NATIONAL AEROSPACE INITIATIVE

Agenda

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Knowledge

SpeedAgility

Lethality

• Transformation Attributes

• Transformation Technology Initiatives

– National Aerospace Initiative

– Surveillance and Knowledge Systems

– Energy and Power Technologies

Transformation Technology Initiative

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• What Are You Trying to do?

– Goals: Challenging, Achievable, & Measurable

• By When?

– Pace: Users, Industry, & Other Advocates

• What Difference Will it Make?

– Payoffs: Military/Commercial Capability

• What Makes You Think You Can do it?

– Technical: “GOTChA” Process

– Financial: Roadmaps vs. Budgets

Technology Planning Questions


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National Aerospace Initiative-- Technology Framework --

NAI

Space Access

Expendable(Missiles)

Reusable[Mach 0 - 12]

Reusable Launch Vehicle

Long-RangeStrike

[Mach 0-7]

Air-Breathing 1st Stage (TSTO)

[Mach 0 - 12]

4<Mach<15

Mach<4

2nd Stage Rocket Engine

FlexibleComm

ISR

• Strategic Focus• Technical Coordination• Aerospace Workforce

TCT/NPRDoD/NASA

Space Commission

Synergy Goal: 1 + 1 + 1 > 3

SpaceTechnology

High Speed Hypersonics

ResponsivePayloads

Space Maneuvering

Vehicle

Space Control

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Aircraft follows aballistic pathback to theatmosphere

Restart engine &return to airfield

Once out of theatmosphere, the rocketseparates from the aircraftfirst stage

Re-entry of spentexpendable 2nd stage

2nd stage rocket burn

3rd stage rocket burn Top stage burn providesorbit insertion and trim

Supersoniczoom

maneuver

Ballistic coast out ofthe atmosphereafter the zoom

maneuver

50 KFT

100 KFT

200 KFTZoom

Coast

DARPA RASCAL PROGRAM-- High Speed / Hypersonics --

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-- International Perspective --

• Foreign Experience / Expertise Growing-- Excellent Ground Test Facilities-- Long-Term Commitment for Aerospace Investment-- Examples of Hypersonic R&D

China – (TAD 2015) Hypersonic Aircraft Dev Mach 5France – 1999 Scramjet Ground Demo Mach 6 – 7.5Germany – 2002 Air Defense Flight Demo Mach 6.5India – 2002 Cruise Missile Flight Demo Mach 2.0-3.0Russia – 1991 Scramjet Flight Demo Mach 6Australia – 2002 Scramjet Flight Demo Mach 7.6

• Serious Threat to Current U.S. Systems by End of Decade-- Strategic/Tactical Standoff Capability Threatened-- Aircraft Survivability Threatened

• U.S. Government / Industry Aerospace Knowledge Base is Eroding

• National Aerospace Initiative is Needed to Sustain AmericanAerospace Leadership


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NAI

Space Access




Long-RangeStrike

[Mach 0-7]


[Mach 0 - 12]

4<Mach<15

Mach<4


FlexibleComm

ISR


TCT/NPRDoD/NASA

Space Commission


SpaceTechnology


ResponsivePayloads

Space Maneuvering

Vehicle

Space Control

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Expendable

Mach<4 Mach 4-12

High SpeedTurbine

RocketBoost

Scramjet“missile”

shapeRocket Boost

Scramjet Waverider orLifting BodySupersonic

CruiseMissile

Long RangeWeapon-Strike-Interceptor

Mid RangeWeapon-Strike-Interceptor

Re-Usable

Mach 0-7 Mach 0-15

Hydrocarbonfueled

Turbine-based

CombineCycle w/

Waverider

Long RangeStrike

Hydrogen-fueled

Turbine-basedCombine Cyclew/Lifting Body

ResponsiveSpaceAccess

Building BlockTechnologies

High-SpeedTurbine

ThermalProtection

Turbine-basedCombined

Cycle

Aerodynamics

Building BlockTechnologies

High-SpeedTurbine

ThermalProtection

Hydrogen Fuel

HydrocarbonScramjet

Aerodynamics

“Short Life” “Long Life”

Capabilities

Demonstrations

Flight Regimes

Technology Development Approach-- High Speed / Hypersonics --

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Turbine Engines

Aircraft & Missiles• Today• Mach 0-3

Combined Cycle Engines (Cruise) - Hydrocarbon / Hydrogen Powered Scramjets

Hypersonic Interceptor• Long-Range/100,000 ft Cruise• Mach 10+

Mid-Term

LRC

Combined Cycle Engines (Accelerator) - Hydrogen Powered Scramjets

Access to Space• Responsive/Flexible• Mach 8-12

Far-TermNear-Term

LRC

Fast Response Standoff Weapon• Rapid Response• Time-Critical Targets• Mach 5-8

Hydrocarbon Ram / Scramjets

LRC

NAI High Speed / Hypersonics Options-- Engine Combinations / Capability Off-Ramps --

Rapid Strike / Recce Aircraft• Rapid Global Response• Mach 5-10

2002 2008 20252016

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Mach Number per Year to 2012

1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 20200

5

25

Mac

h N

um

ber

10

15

F-4

SR-71

F-15 F-16 F-22

Hydrocarbon Scramjet Mach 4-7

Production

NAI

RamjetMach 3-4

High Speed TurbineMach 2-4

X-15

Concorde

XB-70

B-2F-117

Hydrogen ScramjetMach 8-15

Missiles

Strike Aircraft

Space AccessX-Vehicles


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DARPA/Navy Scramjet R&D

HYFLY Weapon Characteristics• 2150 lb Launch Weight, Length 183”• 250 lb Penetrator - F/A 18 E/F Compatible 400 Nmi Flyout - VLS Compatible - 600 Nmi Flyout

FY03 FY04 FY05 FY06 FY07

Heavyweight Ground TestFlight weight Ground TestHYFLY Flight TestsAdv Technology Develop - Booster Demo - Short Combustor DC Demo - Composite Structure FabN78 High Speed Strike AOA

Engine inlets

Payload/FuelSuccessful Ground Test - May 30, 2002

Hypersonic Flight Demonstration Program (HYFLY)

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NAI

Space Access




Long-RangeStrike

[Mach 0-7]


[Mach 0 - 12]

4<Mach<15

Mach<4


FlexibleComm

ISR


TCT/NPRDoD/NASA

Space Commission


SpaceTechnology


ResponsivePayloads

Space Maneuvering

Vehicle

Space Control

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Common SystemAttributes

Rocket or Airbreather

• “Aircraft-Like” Ops• Reliable & Maintainable• Supportable & Operable• Responsive• Alert Capable• Rapid Turn Time• Autonomous Operations• Minimal ground crew• Low cost• Minimal facilities• CONUS launch / recover• Low operations cost

• Responsive Space Access

• Rapid Global Reach

2015 2025

Access To Space


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Phase III - 2025• Sustained 12 Hr Turn• 1,000 Sortie Airframe• 500 Sortie Propulsion & Systems• Marginal Sortie Cost $1M• Reliable (1/5,000 Sorties)• Most Weather (Cat 3)• Reduced Weight (DMF) – 15%• 24% Payload Fraction (3X)

Phase II - 2015• Sustained 1 Day Turn• 500 Sortie Airframe• 250 Sortie Propulsion & Systems• Marginal Sortie Cost $5M• Reliable (1/2,000 Sorties)• Weather Tolerant (Cat 2)• Reduced Weight (DMF) – 10%• 16% Payload Fraction (2X)

2000 2008 20252016

Mid Term

Phase I - 2008• Sustained 7 Day Turn• 250 Sortie Airframe• 100 Sortie Propulsion &

Systems• Marginal Sortie Cost $10M• Reliable (1/1,000 loss rate)• Weather Sensitive (Cat 1)• Low Weight (DMF) – SOA• 8% Payload Fraction

Near Term

BASELINEShuttle,

DC-X, X-33, SLI Far Term

NAI Space Access-- System Payoffs/Requirements --

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02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

HC Boost H2 Boost

MIS/CAV

SMV

Operations

$6B+ Past Tech Investment

NAI Space Access-- Technology & Development Roadmap --

MNS AOA

New 2ndStage

Commercial SpaceShuttle IOC

Cargo Only

CrewIOC

NGLT

System AcquisitionIOC FOC

NASA

ORD

Airframe

FlightSubsystems

NationalAerospaceInitiative

Continuing S&T Advancement

IOC 120 Day Study

Propulsion

FOC

Payloads

Y-Vehicle Flight Test

Follow On X-VehiclesFlight TestX-42

DOD

Field Repair/Spares Distribution

Depot/SupportInfrastructure

Maintainer

Operations

IVHMIVHM



Maintainer

Operations

IVHM



Maintainer

Operations

IVHM

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NAI

Space Access




Long-RangeStrike

[Mach 0-7]


[Mach 0 - 12]

4<Mach<15

Mach<4


FlexibleComm

ISR


TCT/NPRDoD/NASA

Space Commission


SpaceTechnology


ResponsivePayloads

Space Maneuvering

Vehicle

Space Control

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Technology Development Approach -- Space Technology --

• Space Control:

Space Situational Awarenessand Ability to Defend SpaceSystems

• Responsive Payloads:

Quick response deployment andemployment of space capabilities

• Intelligence SurveillanceReconnaissance:

Persistent, Global Intelligence,Surveillance and Reconnaissancefor the Warfighter

• Flexible Communications:Deliver the right information to theright place at the right time

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• High bandwidthend-to-end

• Realtime Engagement

NAI Space Technology Goals-- Responsive Payload Emphasis --

Space Control

Architecture

Future ISR

Architecture

Transformational

Com

m A

rch

• Air-to-Air Laser Comm• Air-to-Space Laser Comm• Space-to-Space Laser Comm• Space-to-Ground High Datarate RF• Programmable Multi-Band Sat Comm

• Bistatic Engagement• Joint Hyperspectral Capability• Real-Time ISR Fusion• Large InflatableAntenna (100m)

• Realtime Space Control Ops • Space Protection Testbad• Electric Laser in Space• Rapid Reconstitution of Space Capabilities

• Ground-to-Air Laser Comm• Direct Theater Downlink and Uplink• Programmable TT&C

• Airborne ISR• National Assets• Fused Collections• Large InflatableAntenna (30m)

• Autonomous and Proximity Ops• Predictive Space Situational Awareness• Rapid On-Orbit Checkout• Rapid Payload Processing• High Altitude Airship

• High ISP Microsat

2000 2008 20252016

Mid TermNear Term Far Term

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NAI Space Technology-- Intelligence Surveillance Reconnaissance --

MEO HSI

LEO SBR

MEO SBR

Near Term (FY03 – FY06)• Airborne ISR• National Assets• Fused Collections

Mid-Term (FY07 – FY10)• Space ISR Experiments• Real Time Fusion• Space-Air Bistatic Engagement

Far-Term (FY11 – FY20)• Space ISR Constellation• Real Time Engagement• Multi-INT Experiments

Transformation:Persistent, Global ISR

for the Warfighter

Transformation:Persistent, Global ISR

for the Warfighter

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National Aerospace Initiative-- Conclusion --

• Advancing U.S. Aerospace Capabilities is Critical forNational Security, Civil, and Commercial Sectors

• Space Architecture Options Would Increase if Access toSpace was Responsive, Flexible, and Affordable

• Leap-Ahead Technologies are Developed for High SpeedStrike, Space Access, and Space Missions

– Emphasis on Rapidly Advancing Technology, FlightTests, and Technology Demonstrations

– Stair Step Approach Provides “Off-Ramps” for FieldingSystems

• NAI is an Integrated, National Approach to SustainAmerican Leadership in Aerospace

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