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1/28/2015 Mrunal (GS3) Clean energy: Floating Solar Plants, Agnisumukh LPG
http://mrunal.org/2015/01/energydeendayalupadhyayagramjyotiyojananationalledprogram.html/print/ 1/8
Mrunal http://mrunal.org
[Energy] DeenDayal GramJyoti, National LEDProgram,Synthetic Gas, Floating Solar plants, Agnisumukh LPG
Posted By Mrunal On 27/01/2015 @ 11:50 pm In Environment | 1 Comment
1. Deendayal Upadhyaya GramJyoti Yojana2. LED Schemes under Modiraj
1. Theory CFL vs LED vs Bulb lights?2. #1: National Program for LED streetlights & home lights3. #2: DELP: Delhiwallo LED lelo Yojana
3. Floating solar powerplant4. Synthetic Gas & CNR Rao5. Agnisumukh LPG stove6. Direct sale of biodiesel by manufacturers7. Misc. Developments8. Mock Questions
Deendayal Upadhyaya Gram Jyoti Yojana (DDLJ DDUGJY)
When? Cabinet cleared the scheme in 2014, November.Which
ministry?Not announced yet. Although most likely power ministry because theyimplemented Rajiv Gandhi Gramin Vidhutikaran Yojana earlier.
Salient Features?
1. Separate agriculture and ruralhome electricity supply lines. (separate agricultureand nonagriculture feeders).
2. Improve rural electricity infrastructure, setup electricity meters, use ICT enabledsmart grids.
3. 24 x 7 electricity to all households by 2019.4. And most importantly to stop Rajiv Gandhi Grameen Vidhyutikaran Yojana.
(because two swords can’t stay in one scabbard.)5. Cost over 40,000 crore rupees.6. State electricity distribution companies will be given contracts but they’ve to finish
projects within 2 years.
LED Schemes under ModirajTheory CFL vs LED vs Bulb lights?
FilamentBulb
Electric current heats up tungsten metal and they glow. They arecovered with glass to prevent air contact otherwise tungsten will beoxidized.Inert Argon gas added to prevent Tungsten evaporation.Halogen bulbs have some halogen gas (like Chlorine, Bromine) toprolong life because they deposit the evaporated tungsten back to thefilament.LED 88% more efficient & 50x more lifecycle than bulb
Electrons pass through mercury gas at low pressure.This gas emits UV light
1/28/2015 Mrunal (GS3) Clean energy: Floating Solar Plants, Agnisumukh LPG
http://mrunal.org/2015/01/energydeendayalupadhyayagramjyotiyojananationalledprogram.html/print/ 2/8
Tubelight
Inner Fluorescent white phosphor coating of the tube, will turn this UVlight into visible light.LED 50% more efficient & 810 times more lifecycle than CFL.
LEDLight emitting diodes (LED) use SemiConductors to emit light, whenDC current passed.BlueLED inventors won Nobel2014. click me for more
#1: National Program for LED streetlights & home lightsPurpose Install LED bulbs as streetlights and homelightsDeadline March 2015 to March 2016.Coverage 100 cities.Benefit? 24 crore energy units will be saved.
Why in News? Modi launched in Jan. 2015
#2: DELP: Delhiwallo LED lelo Yojana
Domestic Efficient Lighting Programme” (DELP).By Delhi Government, Tata Power, BSES Yamnua etc.They provide LED bulb at a cheap price using “onbill financing model”.As such one LED bulb costs ~350600 rupees in open market.But this group purchased bulbs in bulk hence very cheap for them.They’ll sell it to you at Rs.130 per bulb. (Rs.10 upfront, remaining 120 in 12 easyinstallments of Rs.10 each in your lightbill.) One customer can get max. 2 LEDbulbs.To avail this scheme, you’ve to register at eeslindia.org/DelhiLaunch or by sending anSMS to a 7042299688.With every bulb, you can save Rs.162 in electricity bill every year. Bulb can run for3 years.Why in News? Modi launched this scheme in January 2015.
Fodder from Modi’s LED speech
Power can be produced in large quantity by staff of few hundred people.But to save that much amount of electricity, we need crores of people to changetheir lifestyle habits.But, It is much more economical to conserve power, than to produce power.Must involve celebrities, eminent citizens to create juntaawareness.On new year instead of giving gifts like diaries and calendars better give LEDs aregifts!Same way, Companies could distribute LED bulbs along with dividend payments totheir shareholders.This Delhiwallo LEDlelo Yojana should be replicated in other towns withpopulation of 1 lakh and above.
#2: Floating solar powerplant
1/28/2015 Mrunal (GS3) Clean energy: Floating Solar Plants, Agnisumukh LPG
http://mrunal.org/2015/01/energydeendayalupadhyayagramjyotiyojananationalledprogram.html/print/ 3/8
Where?
1. W.Bengal: 10KW plant over water, near Rajarhat New Town. (inauguration in Jan2015)
Raft fitted with Hollow drums to float on water. Solar cells installed over theraft.Funding from Ministry of new and renewable energy.
2. Gujarat: solar cells installed above Narmada Canal. Even UN Secretary GeneralBank Ki Moon liked this idea.
Benefits of floating solar plants?
Water conservation: because these plants cutoff sunlight from water, thus waterevaporation reduced from canals and dam reservoirs.During dryseason, hydroelectric output declines from dam. If floating solar panelsinstalled over damreservoirs, it can prevent shortfall in electricity output. + noadditional manpower required for “chowkidaari”.Such solar plants have higher efficiency because relatively cooler temperature inwater bodies= higher efficiency of solar cell. 100 sq.meters of floatingsolarcellscan generate 10MW.Shortage of land, and given the stringent norms in erstwhile LARR2013 act, it wasdifficult to acquire land anyways!
Criticism
NGOs say chemicals from solar cells, will contaminate water.Panels obstruct sunlight from water bodies, it may negatively affect the florafaunain long term.
Synthetic Gas & CNR Rao
1/28/2015 Mrunal (GS3) Clean energy: Floating Solar Plants, Agnisumukh LPG
http://mrunal.org/2015/01/energydeendayalupadhyayagramjyotiyojananationalledprogram.html/print/ 4/8
CNR Rao’s method can do this without needing very high temperature
What is Synthetic gas?
Synthetic gas = Carbon monoxide + hydrogen gas. And because of this hydrogen,is far superior and clean fuel.Synthetic gas is made from coal and water.
What are the applications of Synthetic gas?
1. Vehiclefuel.2. Intermediate for creating synthetic natural gas3. Methanol and ammonia production.
What’re the challenges in Synthetic gas production?
1. First, We’ve to split carbon monoxide from coal, and hydrogen from water. Thisprocedure requires very high temperature (~1440 Celsius), hence very expensive.
2. But Bharat Ratna recipient Dr. C.N.R. Rao is working on a new method to produceit at ~900 Celcius, using a chemical compound called Lanthanum CalciumManganate.
3. If we reduce the temperature requirement further, we can use solarplants to proviethe heat for synthesis of this gas.
Agnisumukh LPG stove
1/28/2015 Mrunal (GS3) Clean energy: Floating Solar Plants, Agnisumukh LPG
http://mrunal.org/2015/01/energydeendayalupadhyayagramjyotiyojananationalledprogram.html/print/ 5/8
Designed by Income Tax officer Hari RaoManufactured by Agnisumukh, a Bengalurubased company.
Benefits of Agnisumukh LPG stove?
When switched on, stove’s ceramic burner turns orangered, & produces uniformheat like charcoal.Hence there are no flames, no incomplete combustion.Uniform heating of utensil, so proper cooking of food. Cooks faster and saves~50% gas, leaves no soot or smoke.Its temperature can be controlled, it can be turned off with a timer like amicrowave.If there is gas leak, It can sent alert via call/sms.At present meant for industrial purpose, domesticproduct clearance awaited.
Question: Why LPG stove good but LPG car bad?
LPG produced from fossil fuels. Mix of various hydrocarbons, varying composition,not suitable for vehicle engines.LPG heavier than air, so settles down when there is a leakage. Hence, dangerousfor vehicles.So, better use CNG (compressed natural gas) is used in vehicles.
Direct sale of biodiesel by manufacturers
2014: Rail budget permitted 5% blending of Biodiesel with (real) diesel. But this would befruitless IF railway can’t get biodiesel in large quantity at affordable price.
Before After Jan2015 liberalizationOnly following entities could sell Biodiesel
1. PSUoil companies2. Private companies with over 2000 crore
rupees in oilinfrastructure.
Result: supply bottlenecks, for PSUoilcompany the cost of biodiesel production higherthan (real) diesel MRP.
Modicabinet allowed followingentities to sell biodiesel to enduserssuch as Railways
1. Private biodieselmanufacturers
2. Joint venture companies
1/28/2015 Mrunal (GS3) Clean energy: Floating Solar Plants, Agnisumukh LPG
http://mrunal.org/2015/01/energydeendayalupadhyayagramjyotiyojananationalledprogram.html/print/ 6/8
Misc. Developments
BioBusin UK
GenECO company plant converts food waste and sewage into gas,through anaerobic digestion (means without oxygen), similar to desigobar gas plants.This gas is filled up in the bus.Bus can carry ~40 passengers, to~300km using 1 full tank of gas.Produces less emission than convention diesel engine, hence goodfor urban air quality.
DiscardedLaptopbatteries
Instead of using new batteries, IBMscientists used old lithium ionbatteries from discarded laptops after tweaking them.Successful testing in Bangalore slums.Every year, over 50 million laptop batteries discarded, and 70% ofthem can be used for running LED lights.
Mock Questions
Q1. Correct Statements about Din Dayal Gram Jyoti Yojana
A. It is a component of the Rajiv Gandhi Grameen Vidhyutikaran YojanaB. It aims to provide 24×7 electricity to rural households by 2016.C. It aims to setup combined feeders for agriculture and nonagriculture purpose for
costefficient operations in rural areas.
Answer choices
A. Only 1 and 2B. Only 2 and 3C. Only 1 and 3D. None of them
Q2. What are the advantages of floating solarplant?
1. Water conservation2. Prevent eutrophication3. Higher efficiency than ground based solar panels.
Answer choices
A. Only 1 and 2B. Only 2 and 3C. Only 1 and 3D. None of them
Q3. Why are water floating solar panels considered more efficient than landbasedsolar panels?
A. They can trap latent heat from surrounding water to generate additional electricity.B. They perform at higher efficiency under the cooltemperature duet to surrounding
water.C. Both A and BD. Neither A nor B
1/28/2015 Mrunal (GS3) Clean energy: Floating Solar Plants, Agnisumukh LPG
http://mrunal.org/2015/01/energydeendayalupadhyayagramjyotiyojananationalledprogram.html/print/ 7/8
Q4. Sunlight is an example of
A. fluorescenceB. XRay emissionC. IncandescenceD. None of above
Q5. Fluorescent tube lights contain ___ gas at ____ pressure.
A. argon, highB. argon, lowC. mercury, lowD. mercury, high
Q6. In a fluorescent tubelight when electronics pass through the tube, the gasinside the tube generates ___.
A. FlorescenceB. visible lightC. IR lightD. UV light
Q7. An LED bulb uses ____ to emit light and works on ___ current.
A. halogen, ACB. halogen, DCC. Semiconductors, ACD. Semiconductors, DC
Q8. Consider following statements:
A. Nobel Chemistry prize for 2014 was given for invention of Blue LED.B. Without invention of Blue LED, we could never get white LED bulbs.C. Blue LEDs use Indiaum Gallium Nitride semiconductor.
Answer choices
A. Only 1 and 2B. Only 2 and 3C. Only 1 and 3D. None of them
Q9. Correct statements about Synthetic gas
A. It can be used in production of methanolB. It contains artificially synthesized Methane and Propane gases.C. Both A and BD. Neither A nor B
Q10 what are the specialties of an Agnisumukh LPG stove?
A. It produces purest form of blueflame, thereby giving maximum heat output forgiven amount of gas.
B. It can warn the user in case of gas leakage.C. Both A and BD. Neither A nor B
Q11. Find correct statements
1/28/2015 Mrunal (GS3) Clean energy: Floating Solar Plants, Agnisumukh LPG
http://mrunal.org/2015/01/energydeendayalupadhyayagramjyotiyojananationalledprogram.html/print/ 8/8
A. If filament bulb was filled with pureoxygen instead of argon, its product life willincrease.
B. If filament bulb was filled with chlorine instead of argon, its product life willdecrease.
C. Both A and BD. Neither A nor B
Q12. In a fluorescent tube light, if mercury gas was replaced with neon gas, andthe white coating was removed, what will happen when the light is switched on?
A. Blue lightB. Yellow lightC. Red lightD. Nothing will happen.
Q13. In a fluorescent tube light, if we remove the white coating and then turn thelights on, what will you get?
A. Room bacteria will dieB. Your skin will get tanned color with prolonged exposure.C. Both A and BD. Neither A nor B
Q14. Find incorrect statements
1. Industrial license is required to produce biodiesel in India.2. Biodiesel can be obtained from Soyabean, Jatropha, Mustard and Palm oil3. Indian railway permits 10% blending of biodiesel with real diesel.
Answer choices
A. Only 1 and 2B. Only 2 and 3C. Only 1 and 3D. All of them
(GS3) Discuss the significance of Deendayal Upadhyaya Gram Jyoti Yojana andNational Program for LED streetlights & home lights for energy conservation in India.(200 words)
Article printed from Mrunal: http://mrunal.org
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