medical informatics, medical students

Medical Informatics for

Students

Dr.T.V.Rao MD

Medical InformaticsDefinitions

Medical Information Science is the science of using system-analytic tools . . . to develop procedures (algorithms) for management, process control, decision making and scientific analysis of medical knowledge - Ted Shortliffe

Medical Informatics comprises the theoretical and practical aspects of information processing and communication, based on knowledge and experience derived from processes in medicine and health care - Jan van Bemmel

Medical informatics

Medical informatics is the intersection of information science, computer science, and health care. It deals with the resources, devices, and methods required to optimize the acquisition, storage, retrieval, and use of information in health and biomedicine

Medical Informatics Medical informatics has

been also defined as the field that "concerns itself with the cognitive, information processing, and communication tasks of medical practice, education, and research, including information science and the technology to support these tasks

5

Health (Medical) Informatics a Rapidly developing science

Medical informatics is the rapidly developing scientific field that deals with resources, devices and formalized methods for optimizing the storage, retrieval and management of biomedical information for problem solving and decision making.Edward Shortliffe, M.D., Ph.D. What is medical informatics? Stanford

University, 1995.

6

Health Informatics consists of

Information Technology Health care Research Education

Fundamentals Communication Knowledge

Management Decision support Clinical Information

Management

7

Medical Informatics

Knowledge Management

Clinical InformationManagement

Communication Decision Support

8

Technology needs

Laptops for each student Microsoft Office

Professional Stedman’s

Medical Spellchecker

Endnotes Adobe Photoshop

Elements Medical

References

Personal Digital Assistant keep you update anywhere

PDAs for each student Evidence Based Ref. Disease Reference Medical Calculator Drug Reference Medical Dictionary The CDCS system

Computer Lab Student teaching Faculty

development

Medical Informatics Improves Educational Strategies

Didactic vs problem solving

Competencies Word processing Information

retrieval Information

management Data analysis Presentation Communication

skills E-mail, file transfer,

web 10

11

Informatics Use in Health Care

Communication Telemedicine Tele-radiology Patient e-mail Presentations

Knowledge management Journals Consumer Health

information Evidence-based medical

information

Decision Support Reminder systems Diagnostic Expert

Systems Drug Interaction

Information Management Electronic Medical

Records Billing transactions Ordering Systems

Computer make the Diagnostic-Therapeutic Cycle,

Simplified

Patient

Data collection:-History-Physical examinations-Laboratory and other tests

Decisionmaking

Planning

Information

Diagnosis/assessmentTherapyplan

Data

Medical Informatics? Why We Learn Computers are cool

today. If you don’t know a

little bit about what "coils” are inside -

you will get frustrated and will bother other people.

And yet we want computers and IT now!

Examples of Medical Informatics Areas

Hospital information systems Electronic medical records & medical

vocabularies laboratory information systems pharmaceutical information systems radiological (imaging) information

systems Patient monitoring systems

Clinical decision-support systems Diagnosis/interpretation Therapy/management

Health Informatics Tools include not only

computers but also clinical guidelines, formal medical terminologies, and information and communication systems. It is applied to the areas of nursing, clinical care, dentistry, pharmacy, public health and (bio)medical research.

Infrastructure to Support Informatics Curriculum.

Hardware/Software

Support Issues Workflow/

Mindset Issues Training Issues Budgeting

Issues16

17

Infrastructure for Medical Informatics

Data Collection andEvaluation System

Arcstream SystemAvantgo Server

SQL Server

Studentand Faculty PDAs

Stedman’s Medical DictionaryInfoRetriever

ePocratesPDxMD

CPOnhand

StudentWireless Laptops

Microsoft Office ProfessionalDorland’s Medical Spellchecker

Photoshop ElementsInfoRetriever

Endnote

Virtual LibraryResources

BlackboardCourseware

All Courses

IT Section SupportDatabase Development

Web designVideo EditingTech Support

College of MedicineNetwork Infrastructure

Technology Enhanced ClassroomsCampus Wide Wireless Coverage

Video ConferencingFile, Exchange, Web Servers

Computer-aided instruction

These include computer-aided instruction, learning about computers and their applications, use of computer-based information resources, use of computers as a tool and as a mechanism for information management, decision support and communication.) While medical informatics includes computer applications, it is not limited only to the use of computers, but includes the knowledge, skills and attitudes involved in seeking, manipulating and using biomedical information.

Computer and Medical informatics

Changes in health care delivery and styles of learning in medical education have forced a need to use and critically evaluate a variety of new teaching tools, including the computer. While the computer is unlikely to ever replace the patient as the primary focus of learning, it does have the ability to reproduce a highly interactive environment and can mimic many situations in Medicine.

Earlier attempts of teaching with Computers

The first serious introduction of computers into medical education was made two decades ago. De Dombal reported the use of computer-based material to enhance the understanding of trainees faced in an emergency department with the management of patients with acute abdominal pain.

Are too slow adopting the change

Medical schools have long recognized the need to revise their teaching methodology, but have been slow to change.

Patient data is most important source of information

As medical knowledge continues to expand rapidly with demands for more efficient coordination of patient data become paramount, and the pressures for improved practice and application of evidence based medicine increases, medical informatics will have increasing influence in our working lives as clinicians.

We still continue to do with traditional didactic

methods Till recently, teachers and their pupils have been content with, and able to rely on, the traditional resources that have always been available in medical education.

This involves teaching and learning centred on the patient, and backed up by lectures and tutorials. Other information can be obtained from and journals. For a number of reasons these resources are no longer sufficient

Medical Education is shifting to Problem based

learning There has been a philosophical shift in medical education in recent years.

Pioneered by the McMaster and Newcastle medical schools, there has been a move from the traditional lecture-focussed program to a problem-based approach (Harden).

Virtual reality in teaching a priority in Medical

Education The use of virtual reality in simulated procedures is a new application of computers in medical education and is as yet in its infancy. Procedures can be standardised and trainees able to test and practice their skills.

Cybernetics Theory of Information

CommunicationsCodingAlgorithmsProbabilities and Stochastic Processes

Theory of ControlOperations ResearchOptimizationManagement Science

Systems Analysis

Library resources becomes Electronic

The modern library places an increasing amount of its material in electronic format and increasing numbers of journals are available either on CD- -ROM or over the Internet. This represents a considerable saving in storage space and manpower. Many students who wish to pursue their studies using library facilities can now do son in electronic fashion, and often from their own home

Faculty should be provide electronic information

Faculty must identify the prerequisite information and skills that students need to enable them to access electronic information sources, as well as the course content the student needs to "know" and the information the student needs to "know how to access" electronically.

Students should develop interest in electronic

information Students' attitudes toward their education may also have to change. Students need to learn that they must be information seekers as well as information managers. They also need to acquire knowledge about relevant sources of information, and the skills to access electronic information.

ePocrates 5 Minute

Clinical Consult

Medical Calculators

Immunization schedule

Handheld Applications

Medical informatics Empower Students

Helping students to become independent learners, information seekers, and proficient users of computer technology have long been goals that were often inadequately implemented throughout the medical school curriculum.

Orientation by teachers is the primary goal

By making our primary goal the preparation of students to be medical information managers, we have a strong rationale for the inclusion of medical informatics applications into the curriculum. This goal also provides a criterion by which the appropriateness of curricular offerings can be judged and the outcomes of instruction can be evaluated.

Indian Journal of Medical Informatics (IJMI)

Indian Journal of Medical Informatics (IJMI) is an Open Access, peer-reviewed, online journal adopting a broad definition of "medical informatics" and focusing on the applied aspects of computers to healthcare delivery.

Information TechnologyBasics of Security - 1

• make sure workstation is physically safe and secure never send passwords by email• never paste passwords beside the workstation• install and regularly (weekly) update virus protection• avoid sending attachments• never open unsolicited attachments, always check an double-check the attachment’s file extension

Information TechnologyBasics of Security -2

Never open unexpected file with extensions EXE COM DOC DLL PIF LNK VBS (Windows does not show LNK and PIF extensions)

Never click on a link – hover the link with mouse and look at the status bar where the link leads when clicked

firewall may protect both yourself and the world but may also cheat you)

36

Barriers to Implementation of Technology

Knowledge is exploding and Patients are demanding

Medical informatics improves the Professional standards

Our Goals include Improving health care through information technology ,while promoting the renewal of traditional values in the medical profession."

Medical Informatics to be part of Curriculum

Medical informatics to be incorporated into medical school curricula in developing world. So Medical informatics allows physicians to access, analyze, and manage information so that they can make educated decisions in patient care .The use of computers and the related technology is essential for communication and information-sharing with colleagues, for public and patient education, and for professional development

Electronic Media should be part of Education

Computer technology provides immediate access to information and a mechanism for the rapid dissemination of knowledge. The use of computer technology has become an important component of education, particularly at the medical college level, and

computer-assisted instruction (CAI) has also been integrated into continuing medical education

Continued efforts by Faculty will create interest

Continued efforts must

be made to teach them the skills necessary so that they can benefit from available and evolving technology. In addition, we recommend that students be introduced to computer-based testing early in their medical school careers to improve their comfort levels with this medium

Educational Strategies

Didactic vs problem solving

Competencies Word processing Information retrieval Information

management Data analysis Presentation Communication skills

E-mail, file transfer, web

42

43

Approaching Basic Sciences Classes with Medical

Informatics Anatomy lab video enabled BacusLabs digital web-slide program Gold Standard Multimedia* Cross Sectional Anatomy

LXR Testing Program Question bank Computer-based testing Item analysis/grading

United Streaming Videos Anatomy Histology

Web Path

Medical Informatics makes the better Health Managers

Our primary goal the preparation of students to be medical information managers, we have a strong rationale for the inclusion of medical informatics applications into the curriculum.

MedicalStudent.com

A digital library of authoritative medical information for the medical student and all students of medicine

About.comwww.about.com

The site contains the greatest collections of information on diseases and conditions on the Net. It spans the globe and provides interactive chats and forums for experts and patients to come together. This site not only directs you to outside sources, but also takes each topic and gives you the rundown from top to bottom.

Best Doctors    www.bestdoctors.com

Find the best doctors and provide the best content on a site that others can access free of charge. Founded by a man who was diagnosed with an inoperable tumor and wanted the best doctors to treat him, he set out to empower other patients through information.

HealthAtoZ.com    www.healthatoz.com This is the kind of site that

contains so much information that there's little chance you won't find what you're looking for. Not only are the diseases covered extensively, but the interactive tools make your search for information much more enjoyable. Come here to learn, then take advantage of links to other sources to intensify your search for information.

Healthcommunities.com   www.healthcommunities.com his site is specifically

designed to give you disease-related information through what it calls channels. It's one of the most interactive medical portals on the Net, offering chats, discussion forums, and clinical trials. This site enables you to access the world of medicine in seconds.

  Health finder    www.healthfinder.gov This government portal

opens the world of Internet medicine. Whether it's through tools such as libraries, online journals, or medical dictionaries or hot topics that might interest you, this site delivers quickly and with reliability. A big bonus of the site is that it also provides content in Spanish.

InteliHealth    www.intelihealth.com

t's important for a portal to "have it all." This one is a good example. Whether it's drug information, a medical dictionary, or a rundown on a long list of diseases and conditions, Intelihealth is your gateway to top-notch information. It doesn't hurt to have Harvard Medical School's consumer health information tied to the site.

National Institutes of Health    www.nih.gov Contain the leading

collection of health research institutes in the world. Whether the topic is allergy and infectious disease or cancer, this is your gateway to health information. You'll find the latest in research and well-written fact sheets and brochures that reach out to inform all.

National Library of Medicine    www.nlm.nih.gov The best electronic

medical library in the world. It gives you access to the most important research and links to thousands of sites, sending you around the globe for the best information in a matter of seconds. Physical medical libraries,

WebMD    www.webmd.com

One of the most heavily marketed portals on the Net, this site stands up to most of the hype. It's nicely divided for different audiences, ranging from patients and doctors to physician assistants to health teachers. It has a robust television service that allows you to watch broadcasts on different health topics.

Standards for exchange and management of medical

information To maintain interoperability

between systems across different platforms.

HL7 (Health Level 7): aims to provide standards for the exchange, management and integration of data that support clinical patient care and management, delivery and evaluation of health care services.

Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM): Diagnostic images, waveforms and test reports.

Medical informatics makes education Interesting

Computer are staying with us.. The computer is here

to stay in one form or another. It is unlikely that any amount to scientific data on its reliability or validity will influence use of the medium. However, used appropriately computers can be of considerable educational benefit and will serve medical students and practitioners throughout their careers

Information technology is not a remedy for all ills in Medical

Education Information technology must not be viewed as a potential cure to the current ailments of medical education. It may be part of the solution and should be treated as such

Created by Dr.T.V.Rao MD for ‘e’ learning resources for Medical

Professionals.Email

doctortvrao@gmail.com