may 12, 20087y910 - jemh van bronswijk, tu eindhoven 1 home automation & robotics summarizing

May 12, 2008 7y910 - JEMH van Bronswijk, TU Eindhoven

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Home automation & RoboticsHome automation & Robotics

Summarizing

May 12, 2008 7y910 - JEMH van Bronswijk, TU Eindhoven

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Source: http://www.who.org/aboutwho/en/definition.html

May 12, 2008 7y910 - JEMH van Bronswijk, TU Eindhoven

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7y910 - Content7y910 - Content-Home environment as a support for prolonged vitality and independence- More Information and Communication Technology (ICT)- The ageing and diversifying society towards demand-driven services- Politics supports the transition, technology and organisations lag behind- Concepts: user-orientation & demand-driven services- Technological infrastructures & applications- Organizational and personal changes- Assisted living (Home care) is a focal point

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Current situationCurrent situation

… … Ruling power: private or public organizations…..Ruling power: private or public organizations…..

OrganisationOrganisation

TechnologyTechnologyIndividualIndividual

May 12, 2008 7y910 - JEMH van Bronswijk, TU Eindhoven

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Canting ……Canting ……

……… ……… government already in transition …….government already in transition …….

Organisation

Organisation

OrganisationOrganisationTechnologyTechnology TechnologyTechnology

IndividualIndividual

IndividualIndividual

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…. is about engineering

Home automation and roboticsHome automation and robotics

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…. is about engineering,

but it poses 3 peculiar problems to the engineer

Home automation and roboticsHome automation and robotics

May 12, 2008 7y910 - JEMH van Bronswijk, TU Eindhoven

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…. is about engineering,

but it poses 3 peculiar problems to the engineer: (i) motivation, (ii) designer / user, (iii) the 4 ages

Home automation and roboticsHome automation and robotics

May 12, 2008 7y910 - JEMH van Bronswijk, TU Eindhoven

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…. is about engineering,

but it poses 3 peculiar problems to the engineer: (i) motivation, (ii) designer / user, (iii) the 4 ages

that requires an interdisciplinary approach

Home automation and roboticsHome automation and robotics

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Defining Interdisciplinarity Defining Interdisciplinarity

Each discipline takes responsibility for the whole

Teams of professionals from both technology and gerontology

(Multidisciplinarity: more than one discipline involved)

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Interdisciplinary Cross-Interdisciplinary Cross-fertilizationfertilization

Technology ‘Functionality’

Gerontology ‘Usability’

Source: H. Bouma et al. 2007. Gerontechnology in perspective. Gerontechnology6(4):190-216

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Interdisciplinary Time EffectsInterdisciplinary Time Effects

Elderly Health & Happiness

requires

Lifelong Health & Happiness

(1. Youth, 2. Working age, 3. Active retirement, 4. Frail elderly)

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The 4 AgesThe 4 Ages

1st Age Youth Education

2nd Age Adulthood Work for income(young male engineer: layered software generation)(young male engineer: layered software generation)

3rd Age Older Adulthood Active in retirement

4th Age Elderly Frailty (elderly women of the hierarchical / electro-mechanical (elderly women of the hierarchical / electro-mechanical generation)generation)

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GerontechnologyGerontechnology-To prevent disease & accidents-To maintain physical, mental and social health-To assist aspirations-To compensate for weakened functions-To support care and care organisation

in order to add happiness, self-efficacy and independence to even the highest ages

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A gerontechnology projectA gerontechnology project A gerontechnology research, engineering or design project concerns –by definition- (i) An age group of technology users, and a(ii) life domain, and (iii) works towards its goal through a technological intervention that is supported by (iv) the knowledge base of a gerontology discipline

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Information Summary

Which age do you focus at? Your project concerns

1st

Youth2nd

Working phase3rd

Active retirement4th

Frailty the …. age, and

Which life domain are you addressing? * the life domain of

HealthSelf-esteem

HousingDaily living

MobilityTransport

CommunicationGovernance

WorkLeisure

;

Which is the goal of your technological intervention? * It aims at

EnhancementSatisfaction

PreventionEngagement

CompensationAssistance

Care supportCare

organisation

From which technology discipline originates the functionality in your study? * through

ChemistryBiochemistry

ArchitectureBuilding

InformationCommunication

MechatronicsRobotics

ErgonomicsDesign

Business management

,

From which gerontology discipline originates the usability of the technology? * supported by

PhysiologyNutrition

PsychologySocial psychology

SociologyDemography

MedicineRehabilitation

.

Your project formYour project form

* Choose only one cell as the main answer to each question

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After focussingAfter focussing

Further decrease complexity of planning and evaluation by the use of theories / paradigms that

are accepted in the different disciplines

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Some technology examplesSome technology examples

Inclusive designwith users as co-designers

Targeted marketingdiffers with age and gender

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Some gerontology examplesSome gerontology examples

Human motivation (Psychology)

Technology Acceptance Model (Social

psychology)

Technology generation (Sociology)

The 4 Ages (Social psychology)

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Human motivationHuman motivation

• Abraham H. Maslow (1908-1970)• Guideline for Technology• 4 Deficiency needs:

(i) Physiological, (ii) Safety related, (iii) Social, (iv) Esteem related

• 1 Being need:(v) Self-fulfilment

Source: A.H. Maslow 1943. A theory of human motivation. Psychological Review50:370-396

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Technology Acceptance ModelTechnology Acceptance Model

See: H. Bouma et al. 2007. Gerontechnology in perspective. Gerontechnology 6(4):190-216

Social norms& habits

Cognitiveappraisal of

effectiveness

Perceivedusefulness

Perceivedease of use

Behavioural intention to use Actual UseActual Use

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Technology generationTechnology generationin the Industrial age (20in the Industrial age (20thth & 21 & 21stst century) century)

• Born 1910- Mechanical / hierarchical towards better nutrition

• Born 1910+ Electro-mechanical / hierarchical decreased mortality

• Born 1960+ Software / Layered decrease of morbidity needed

• Born 2000+ Computer game / Relationalincrease of wellness needed

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Some theories for cross-fertilizationSome theories for cross-fertilization

GerontologyGerontologydisciplinediscipline

TechnologyTechnology discipline discipline

Chemistry

Biochemistry

Architecture

Building

Information

Communication

Mechatronics

Robotics

Ergonomics

Design

Business

management

Physiology

Nutrition

Psychology

Social PsychologyMaslow’s Maslow’s

motivationmotivationMaslow’s Maslow’s

motivationmotivationMaslow’s Maslow’s

motivationmotivationMaslow’s Maslow’s

motivationmotivationMaslow’s Maslow’s

motivationmotivation

Sociology

DemographyThe 4 AgesThe 4 Ages The 4 The 4

AgesAgesThe 4 AgesThe 4 Ages The 4 AgesThe 4 Ages The 4 AgesThe 4 Ages The 4 AgesThe 4 Ages

Medicine

Rehabilitation

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Some theories for cross-fertilizationSome theories for cross-fertilization

GerontologyGerontologydisciplinediscipline

TechnologyTechnology discipline discipline

Chemistry

Biochemistry

Architecture

Building

Information

Communication

Mechatronics

Robotics

Ergonomics

Design

Business

management

Physiology

Nutrition

Psychology

Social PsychologyMaslow’s Maslow’s

motivationmotivationMaslow’s Maslow’s

motivationmotivationMaslow’s Maslow’s

motivationmotivationMaslow’s Maslow’s

motivationmotivationMaslow’s Maslow’s

motivationmotivationTechnology Technology Acceptance Acceptance

ModelModel

Sociology

DemographyThe 4 AgesThe 4 Ages The 4 The 4

AgesAgesThe 4 AgesThe 4 Ages

Technology Technology generation generation (protocols)(protocols)

The 4 AgesThe 4 Ages

Technology Technology generation generation (protocols)(protocols)

The 4 AgesThe 4 Ages

Technology Technology generation generation

(user (user interfaces)interfaces)

The 4 AgesThe 4 Ages

Medicine

Rehabilitation

May 12, 2008 7y910 - JEMH van Bronswijk, TU Eindhoven

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Some theories for cross-fertilizationSome theories for cross-fertilization

GerontologyGerontologydisciplinediscipline

TechnologyTechnology discipline discipline

Chemistry

Biochemistry

Architecture

Building

Information

Communication

Mechatronics

Robotics

Ergonomics

Design

Business

management

Physiology

NutritionPreventive Preventive nutritionnutrition

Psychology

Social PsychologyMaslow’s Maslow’s

motivationmotivationMaslow’s Maslow’s

motivationmotivationMaslow’s Maslow’s

motivationmotivationMaslow’s Maslow’s

motivationmotivationMaslow’s Maslow’s

motivationmotivationTechnology Technology Acceptance Acceptance

ModelModel

Sociology

DemographyThe 4 AgesThe 4 Ages The 4 The 4

AgesAgesThe 4 AgesThe 4 Ages

Technology Technology generation generation (protocols)(protocols)

The 4 AgesThe 4 Ages

Technology Technology generation generation (protocols)(protocols)

The 4 AgesThe 4 Ages

Technology Technology generation generation

(user (user interfaces)interfaces)

The 4 AgesThe 4 Ages

Medicine

RehabilitationPreventive Preventive

drugsdrugs

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Some theories for cross-fertilizationSome theories for cross-fertilization

GerontologyGerontologydisciplinediscipline

TechnologyTechnology discipline discipline

Chemistry

Biochemistry

Architecture

Building

Information

Communication

Mechatronics

Robotics

Ergonomics

Design

Business

management

Physiology

NutritionPreventive Preventive nutritionnutrition

Aging-in-Aging-in-PlacePlace

Psychology

Social PsychologyMaslow’s Maslow’s

motivationmotivationMaslow’s Maslow’s

motivationmotivation

Aging-in-Aging-in-PlacePlace

Maslow’s Maslow’s motivationmotivation

Maslow’s Maslow’s motivationmotivation

Maslow’s Maslow’s motivationmotivation

Technology Technology Acceptance Acceptance

ModelModel

Sociology

DemographyThe 4 AgesThe 4 Ages The 4 The 4

AgesAges

Aging-in-Aging-in-PlacePlace

The 4 AgesThe 4 Ages

Technology Technology generation generation (protocols)(protocols)

The 4 AgesThe 4 Ages

Technology Technology generation generation (protocols)(protocols)

The 4 AgesThe 4 Ages

Technology Technology generation generation

(user (user interfaces)interfaces)

The 4 AgesThe 4 Ages

Medicine

RehabilitationPreventive Preventive

drugsdrugs

May 12, 2008 7y910 - JEMH van Bronswijk, TU Eindhoven

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Some theories for cross-fertilizationSome theories for cross-fertilization

GerontologyGerontologydisciplinediscipline

TechnologyTechnology discipline disciplineChemistry

Biochemistry

Architecture

Building

Information

Communication

Mechatronics

Robotics

Ergonomics

Design

Business

management

Physiology

NutritionPreventive Preventive nutritionnutrition

Aging-in-Aging-in-PlacePlace

Psychology

Social PsychologyMaslow’s Maslow’s

motivationmotivationMaslow’s Maslow’s

motivationmotivation

Aging-in-Aging-in-PlacePlace

Maslow’s Maslow’s motivationmotivation

SimulationSimulation

(technology (technology use)use)

Maslow’s Maslow’s motivationmotivation

Maslow’s Maslow’s motivationmotivation

Technology Technology Acceptance Acceptance

ModelModel

Sociology

DemographyThe 4 AgesThe 4 Ages The 4 The 4

AgesAges

Aging-in-Aging-in-PlacePlace

The 4 AgesThe 4 Ages

Technology Technology generation generation (protocols)(protocols)

The 4 AgesThe 4 Ages

Technology Technology generation generation (protocols)(protocols)

The 4 AgesThe 4 Ages

Technology Technology generation generation

(user (user interfaces)interfaces)

The 4 AgesThe 4 Ages

Medicine

RehabilitationPreventive Preventive

drugsdrugsSimulationSimulation

(restrictions(restrictions))

May 12, 2008 7y910 - JEMH van Bronswijk, TU Eindhoven

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Some theories for cross-fertilizationSome theories for cross-fertilization

GerontologyGerontologydisciplinediscipline

TechnologyTechnology discipline disciplineChemistry

Biochemistry

Architecture

Building

Information

Communication

Mechatronics

Robotics

Ergonomics

Design

Business

management

Physiology

NutritionPreventive Preventive nutritionnutrition

Aging-in-Aging-in-PlacePlace

BioroboticsBiorobotics

Psychology

Social PsychologyMaslow’s Maslow’s

motivationmotivationMaslow’s Maslow’s

motivationmotivation

Aging-in-Aging-in-PlacePlace

Maslow’s Maslow’s motivationmotivation

SimulationSimulation

(technology (technology use)use)

Maslow’s Maslow’s motivationmotivation

Maslow’s Maslow’s motivationmotivation

Technology Technology Acceptance Acceptance

ModelModel

Sociology

DemographyThe 4 AgesThe 4 Ages The 4 The 4

AgesAges

Aging-in-Aging-in-PlacePlace

The 4 AgesThe 4 Ages

Technology Technology generation generation (protocols)(protocols)

The 4 AgesThe 4 Ages

Technology Technology generation generation (protocols)(protocols)

The 4 AgesThe 4 Ages

Technology Technology generation generation

(user (user interfaces)interfaces)

The 4 AgesThe 4 Ages

Medicine

RehabilitationPreventive Preventive

drugsdrugsSimulationSimulation

(restrictions(restrictions))

BioroboticsBiorobotics

May 12, 2008 7y910 - JEMH van Bronswijk, TU Eindhoven

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Some theories for cross-fertilizationSome theories for cross-fertilization

GerontologyGerontologydisciplinediscipline

TechnologyTechnology discipline disciplineChemistry

Biochemistry

Architecture

Building

Information

Communication

Mechatronics

Robotics

Ergonomics

Design

Business

management

Physiology

NutritionPreventive Preventive nutritionnutrition

Aging-in-Aging-in-PlacePlace

BioroboticsBiorobotics Inclusive Inclusive designdesign

Psychology

Social PsychologyMaslow’s Maslow’s

motivationmotivationMaslow’s Maslow’s

motivationmotivation

Aging-in-Aging-in-PlacePlace

Maslow’s Maslow’s motivationmotivation

SimulationSimulation

(technology (technology use)use)

Maslow’s Maslow’s motivationmotivation

Maslow’s Maslow’s motivationmotivation

Inclusive Inclusive designdesign

Technology Technology Acceptance Acceptance

ModelModel

Sociology

DemographyThe 4 AgesThe 4 Ages The 4 The 4

AgesAges

Aging-in-Aging-in-PlacePlace

The 4 AgesThe 4 Ages

Technology Technology generation generation (protocols)(protocols)

The 4 AgesThe 4 Ages

Technology Technology generation generation (protocols)(protocols)

The 4 AgesThe 4 Ages

Technology Technology generation generation

(user (user interfaces)interfaces)

Inclusive Inclusive designdesign

The 4 AgesThe 4 Ages

Medicine

RehabilitationPreventive Preventive

drugsdrugsSimulationSimulation

(restrictions(restrictions))

BioroboticsBiorobotics

May 12, 2008 7y910 - JEMH van Bronswijk, TU Eindhoven

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Some theories for cross-fertilizationSome theories for cross-fertilization

GerontologyGerontologydisciplinediscipline

TechnologyTechnology discipline disciplineChemistry

Biochemistry

Architecture

Building

Information

Communication

Mechatronics

Robotics

Ergonomics

Design

Business

management

Physiology

NutritionPreventive Preventive nutritionnutrition

Aging-in-Aging-in-PlacePlace

BioroboticsBiorobotics Inclusive Inclusive designdesign

ManagemeManagement nt

innovation innovation (care)(care)

Psychology

Social PsychologyMaslow’s Maslow’s

motivationmotivationMaslow’s Maslow’s

motivationmotivation

Aging-in-Aging-in-PlacePlace

Maslow’s Maslow’s motivationmotivation

SimulationSimulation

(technology (technology use)use)

Maslow’s Maslow’s motivationmotivation

Maslow’s Maslow’s motivationmotivation

Inclusive Inclusive designdesign

Technology Technology Acceptance Acceptance

ModelModel

Targeted Targeted marketingmarketing

Sociology

DemographyThe 4 AgesThe 4 Ages The 4 The 4

AgesAges

Aging-in-Aging-in-PlacePlace

The 4 AgesThe 4 Ages

Technology Technology generation generation (protocols)(protocols)

The 4 AgesThe 4 Ages

Technology Technology generation generation (protocols)(protocols)

The 4 AgesThe 4 Ages

Technology Technology generation generation

(user (user interfaces)interfaces)

Inclusive Inclusive designdesign

The 4 AgesThe 4 Ages

Targeted Targeted marketingmarketing

Medicine

RehabilitationPreventive Preventive

drugsdrugsSimulationSimulation

(restrictions(restrictions))

BioroboticsBiorobotics ManagemeManagement nt

innovation innovation (care)(care)

May 12, 2008 7y910 - JEMH van Bronswijk, TU Eindhoven

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Basic to Gerontechnology Basic to Gerontechnology engineering is …engineering is …

(i)(i) FulfillFulfill all needs starting with the basic all needs starting with the basic onesones(ii)(ii) AcceptAccept users as co-designers to reach users as co-designers to reach ‘Inclusive Design’‘Inclusive Design’(iii)(iii) IncludeInclude all 4 ages in gerontechnology all 4 ages in gerontechnology programsprograms

Home automation and robotics is part of the gerontechnology endeavourHome automation and robotics is part of the gerontechnology endeavour

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Thank you for your attentionThank you for your attention