matter. definition matter is anything that has mass and occupies space
Post on 27-Dec-2015
229 Views
Preview:
TRANSCRIPT
Solid• Definite shape
and volume
• Particles tightly packed together in an orderly arrangement
• Hard to compress
Liquid
• Lacks definite shape, fixed volume
• Particles move more, flow freely
• Mostly hard to compress
Exceptions
Vapor• Gas is commonly used for
substances that are gases at room temperature
• Vapor is a substance that is not a gas at room temperature: ex. water
Plasma• Most common form of
matter in the universe• Collection of free moving
pieces of atoms and compounds
• Ex: Fire, Neon Signs, Lightning, Stars
Precision V. Accuracy
• Accuracy:– How close to the
correct answer you are
• Precision:– How close your
answers are to each other
Physical Change
• A change in which the same substance is present before and after the change.
• Ex: – Pounding– Cutting– Melting– Dissolving in water
Chemical Change
• A change that rearranges the atoms and molecules to produce one or more new substances with new properties
• Ex:– Burning– Fermentation
Physical v. Chemical Properties
Physical Properties• A property that can be
observed without changing the substance
• Extensive and Intensive Properties
Chemical Properties• A property characteristic of
a substance when it is involved in a chemical change
• Ex: Flammability, reactivity and stability
MatterIs it uniform throughout?
• If No:• Heterogeneous Mixture• A mixture that is not
uniform in composition its components
• Ex:– Most foods– Dirt– concrete
• If Yes:• Homogeneous Matter
Homogeneous MatterCan it be separated by physical means?
• If Yes:• Homogeneous Mixture• A mixture that is completely
uniform throughout. If you break up the substance each piece will be the same
• Ex:– Paper– Wood– Plastic
• If no:• Pure substance
Pure SubstanceCan it be decomposed by chemical means?
• If yes:• Compound• A substance of atoms of two
or more elements• Ex:
– Water– Salt
• If no:• Element• One of the 118+ substances
listed on the periodic table of the elements
• Ex:– Sulfur– Magnesium– Carbon
Make A Decision• What
classification do the following fall under?
• Penny• Soda• Cough Syrup• Brass• 24K Gold• Soot• Hydrogen Gas
Try It in Groups
1. Generic Tylenol2. Stuffing in Stuffed
Animals3. Contents of an old
Thermometer 4. Contents of a new
Thermometer5. Flower6. Milk
7. Liquid Soap8. Solid Soap9. Newsprint10. Money11. Steel12. Light
Systems
• Solution– A homogenous
mixture composed of a solute and a solvent
• Solvent– The substance
present in greater quantity
• Solute– The substance
present in lesser quantity
System (solute – solvent)
Examples
Gas - Gas O2 and CO2 in N2 (Air)
Liquid - Gas H2O vapor in Air (Humidity)
Gas - Liquid CO2 in Water (Soda)
Liquid - Liquid CH3COOH in Water (Vinegar)
Solid - Liquid NaCl in H2O (Brine)
Liquid - Solid Cu in Ag (Sterling Silver)
top related