massive passive house: bringing deep energy savings to ... · rcw 19.27a.160 “…..residential...

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Massive Passive House: Bringing Deep Energy Savings to Multi-Family BuildingsBUILDING ENCLOSURE DESIGN: STRATEGIES FOR ACHIEVING PASSIVE HOUSE

PERFORMANCE

FEBRUARY 5 & 6, 2019

PRESENTED BY DAN WHITMORE, CPHC

Disclaimer: This presentation was developed by a third party and is not funded by WoodWorks or the Softwood Lumber Board.

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Passive House: Building Climate Action

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Passive House: Building Climate Action

Images: Seattle Times

Albert Righter & TittmannArchitects

“Here is one of the few effective keys to the Design problem: The ability of the Designer to recognise as many of the constraints as possible;

his willingness and enthusiasm for working within these constraints.”-Charles Eames

Keeping the Outside Out & the Inside In, Passively

Albert Righter & TittmannArchitects

Superior Interior Air Quality

Superior Interior Environmental Quality

Superior Energy Performance

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What to we need to deliver?

Building as a

System

• Keep the outside out

• Keep the inside in

• Keep the in-between healthy and stable

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What to we need to deliver?

Building as a

System

Control Heat

Control Moisture

Control Solar Gains

Control Air

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What is Passive House?

Engineering buildings to use ~ half the energy…

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What is Passive House?

Images: Onion Flats

Building Scienceand

Best Practices

• Building Form• Orientation

• Comprehensive management of • Heat• Air• Moisture

• Balanced Ventilation• Right-Sized and Very

Efficient Mechanical Systems

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What is Passive House?

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Building Form

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Building Form

à 1:1 surface-floor ratio à Increase of 10%

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HeatAirMoisture

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Ventilation

condensation drain

exhaust

section

cold in

cold out warm in

exteriorexterior interior

warm out

2'6"

exhaust air

exhaust air

air intake

exhaust airsupply air

supply air

supply air

roof

level 6

level 5

// zehnder comfoair 550

plan

2'10" 1'8"

2'2"

10"

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Efficient Mechanical Systems

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What is Passive House?

phius.org

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passivehouse.com

24Passive House Toolkit - PHIUS

WUFI - Passive

25Passive House Toolkit - PHI

PHPP

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àRule #1: Primum Non Nocere

Do No Harm

Passive House: Delivery is in the Details

Control Moisture

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Control Functions & Critical Barriers

Site Climate - Wetting Risk with Drying Potential

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Image: REACH CDC

Massive Opportunities

---------1 – 12”

-----------12 – 24”

------------Over 24”

ü

Massive Possibilities

Potential Possibilities

àEnclosure to usable area ratio

àCentralized mechanical systems

àBuilding

à Formà Details

àCommercial systems

à Envelopeà Product deliveryà Quality Control

àLong-term value 2nd & Delaware, Kansas City, MO

Photo: Chris Benedict, RA

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Photo: REACH CDC

Break!

Passive House Enclosure Mantra

1. Super-Insulated

2. Air-Tight

3. Thermal Bridge Free

Photo: Walsh Const.

1: Super-Insulated

Just Enough

In ALL the right places

Starting Points: Effective R & U-Values

Windows & Doors

Floor Wall Roof

Mid-Atlantic U-0.20 to 0.24

R-12 (slab) R-24 to 30 R-40 to 60

North East U-0.18 to 0.22

R-16 (slab)R-30

(suspended)

R-28 to 32 R-50

Pacific NorthWest

U-0.18 to 0.24

R-12 (slab)R-30

(suspended)

R-26 to 30 R-50

• >20,000ft2

• ‘Good Form’• <35% Window to Wall Ratio

Effective R-Value

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41Photo: Walsh Const.

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2: Air -Tight

Why the Air Barrier is so important

But Passive House is a different level

0.0

1.0

2.0

3.0

4.0

0123456789

1011121314151617181920

1945 1955 1965 1975 1985 1995 2005 2015

Airt

ight

ness

[cfm

/ft²

@ 7

5 Pa

]

Airt

ight

ness

[L/(

s.m²)

@ 7

5 Pa

]

Construction of Building [year]

Airtightness Vs Year of Construction of All Buildings

Sample of 179 Buildings

Airtightness versus Year of Construction

2: Air –Tight: Massive How?

Design InstallationQC & Testing

Delivery is in the Details

Delivery is in the Details

Which Material???

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**** An Air Barrier is not a product but is a system of products installed over an array of materials

****

What materials have worked?

Generally Air-tight

à Structural Concrete

à Engineered Lumber

à Air Sealing Tapes

à Building Sealants

à Polyethylene sheet

à SASM

Usually Air-Tight

à Plywood

à OSB

à Sheet Membranes

à Fluid-Applied Barriers

What materials are subject to failure?

à Unreinforced Concrete, esp flatwork

à Mechanically fastened membranes

à WRB Tapes

à Some roofing underlayments

à Spray foam (open and closed-cell)

à Standard Entry Doors

Likely to fail

à Dimensional lumber

à CMU and masonry à Drywall

à Emergency Egress Entry Doors

à Wishful thinkingà ???

May work

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**** An Air Barrier is not a product but is a system of products installed over an array of materials

by a series of individuals ****

Sequencing is a part of detailing

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**** An Air Barrier is not a product but is a system of products installed over an array of materials

by a series of individuals and it’s integrity must be confirmed by a knowledgeable individual ****

Preliminary Testing

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-if you wait,

you’re too late

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Pax Futura ApartmentsPhoto: Vivian Usu

1st test: 0.013 cfm/ft2 @75Pa !!!

3: Thermal-Bridge “Free”

à Exterior Insulation Attachments

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%

Fiberglass Clip No Through Screws

Stainless Steel Screws

Fiberglass Clip SS Screws

Galvanized Screws

Fiberglass Clip Galv. Screws

Isolated…

Stainless Steel Clip

Intermittent…

Aluminum T-Clip

Continuous…

Continuous…

“If you must build something stupid, for

God’s sake, build it with

wood.”~ Scott Kennedy

Cornerstone Architecture

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And when it’s not of wood,

be diligent

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Continuous shelf angles~50% R-value loss

Shelf angle on stand-offsonly ~15% R-value loss

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-Passive House Process: ”But how is this going to affect me?”

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-Passive House Process

”But how is this going to affect me?”

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-Passive House Process: ”But how is this going to effect my

projects?”

Design and Development

PROPOSED WINDOW MODIFICATIONS

Original Window Layout Suggested Revision for Passive House

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-Passive House Process: ”But how is this going to effect my

projects?”

Design and Development

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-Passive House Process: ”But how is this going to effect my

projects?”

Design and Development

1. Design Development

Feasibility and Preliminary Studies

2. Design Stage Review

Comprehensive review of a complete submission.

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-Passive House Process: ”But how is this going to effect my

projects?”

DeliveryPhotos: Walsh Construction and RDH

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-In our immediate

future: Passive House

and Oregon Energy Code

Executive Order No. 17-20“…to establish an aggressive timeline to achieve net zero energy

ready buildings as standard practice in buildings across the state.”

Image: Weber Thompson Architects

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-In our immediate

future: Passive House

and Energy Code

RCW 19.27a.160“…..residential and nonresidential construction permitted under

the 2031 state energy code must achieve a seventy percent reduction in annual net energy consumption, using the adopted

2006 Washington state energy code as a baseline.”

Image: Weber Thompson Architects

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-In our immediate

future: Passive House

and Energy Code

RCW 19.27a.160“…..residential and nonresidential construction permitted under

the 2031 state energy code must achieve a seventy percent reduction in annual net energy consumption, using the adopted

2006 Washington state energy code as a baseline.”

MASSIVE PASSIVEin the Pacific

Northwest

ORCHARDS AT ORENCO Phase IIHillsboro

REACH CDCAnkron-Moison ArchitectureWalsh COnstruction

MUNICIPAL PASSIVE HOUSEFIRE HALL 17Vancouver

City of VancouverHCMA Architecture

BRECHIN REDEVELOPMENTNanaimo

Church & 74 rental aptsVIA Architecture

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SKEENA DORM Six stories, 220 roomsUBC Okanagan

UBC Properties TrustPublic Architecture

THE HEIGHTS85-unit market rentalVancouver

8th Avenue Development Cornerstone ArchitecturePeak Construction Group

Solis45-unit Market-Rate CondominiumsSeattle

Weber-Thompson ArchitectsSolterra DevelopmentCascade Built

PASSIVE HOUSE PORTFOLIO

320 Queen Anne

Nicholson Kovalchick Architects / nkarch.com

1488 ALBERNI48 storeys, 490 unitsVancouver

Landa GlobalAsia Standard AmericasRobert A.M. Stern ArchitectsMusson Cattell Mackey

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-If you wait,

you’re too late

Passive House: Building Climate Action-Don’t wait

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Discussion + Questions

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION PLEASE VISIT

à www.rdh.com à www.buildingsciencelabs.com

OR CONTACT US AT

à dwhitmore@rdh.com