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Gas Laws used in Chemistry

Ms. Ciceraro

Chemistry The Gas

LawsThe following PowerPoint

presentation will explore, explain, and elaborate on three of the Gas

Laws. By engaging in exercise problems Charles’, Boyle’s and the

Ideal Gas Law will be evaluated.

Let’s take a look at some of the Gas Laws:

Boyle’s Law

Charles’ Law

Ideal Gas Law

Boyle’s LawExplanation

FormulaPictureVideo

ProblemsExcel

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Boyle’s LawExplanation: The volume of a gas at a given temperature varies inversely with

the applied pressure.

As the pressure increases the volume decreases.

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Boyle’s LawFormula:

PIVI= PFVF

Where: PI= Initial Pressure VI= Initial Volume PF= Final Pressure VF= Final Volume

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Boyle’s Law

A picture is worth a thousand words…

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Boyle’s Law

What is this Boyle’s Law thing all about??

Boyle’s Law Video

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Problem 1

Problem 2

Problem 3

Problem 4

Problem 5

Problem 6

Problem 7

Problem 8

Problem 9

Problem 10

Boyle’s Law

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Problem 1:

A final volume of air occupies 0.50 L and it has a final

pressure of 3 atm. If your initial volume is 0.250 L, what is your initial pressure in atm?

a. 60.0 atm

b. 0.6 atm

c. 6.0 atm

Boyle’s LawMain Menu

Boyle’s Problems

Problem 2:

pressure of 3 atm. What is your initial volume is, if your initial pressure is 1.5 atm?

a. 1.0 L

b. 10.10L

c. 0.10 L

Boyle’s Law

Boyle’s Problems

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Problem 3:

A final volume of air occupies 0.50 L. If your initial volume is 1.00 L, and your initial pressure is 4.75 atm, what is your pressure final?

a. 9.5 atm

b. 0.95 atm

c. 95.0 atm

Boyle’s Law

Boyle’s Problems

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Problem 4:

What is the final volume if you have a final pressure of 3 atm, your initial volume is 1.50 L, and your initial pressure is 17 atm?

a. 8.5L

b. 0.85 L

c. 85.0 L

Boyle’s Problems

Problem 5:

pressure of 3 atm. If your initial volume is 1.75 L, what is your

initial pressure in atm?

a. 1.00 atm

b. 0.86 atm

c. 0.92 atm

Boyle’s Problems

Problem 6:

What is the final volume of air if it initially occupies 0.50 L and 3 atm and your final pressure is

2.00 atm.

a. 14.00 atm

b. 7.50 atm

c. 0.75 atm

Boyle’s Problems

Problem 7:

What is the final pressure of air if it initially occupies 0.50L and a pressure of 3atm and your final volume is 2.75 L, what is your

final pressure in atm?

a. 0.55 atm

b. 5.20 atm

c. 1.5 atm

Boyle’s Problems

Problem 8:

What is the initial volume if you have a final volume of air occupying 0.50 L and a

pressure of 3 atm, and your initial pressure is 4.50atm?

a. 3.00 L

b. 2.36 L

c. 0.33 L

Boyle’s Law

Boyle’s Problems

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Problem 9:

What is the initial pressure if air occupies at the end 0.50 L and it

5 atm. If your initial volume is 6.00 L?

a. 0.42 atm

b. 4.20 atm

c. 42.0 atm

Boyle’s Law

Boyle’s Problems

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Problem 10:

What is the final volume of air if it initially occupies 0.32 L and

7.25 atm and in the end has a pressure is 9.80 atm?

a. 2.36 L

b. 23.6 L

c. 0.24 L

Boyle’s Law

Boyle’s Problems

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Charles’ LawExplanation

FormulaPictureVideo

ProblemsExcel

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Charles’ LawExplanation:The volume occupied by any sample of

gas at a constant pressure is directly proportional to the absolute temperature.

As the temperature increases the volume increases.

Main MenuCharles’ Law

Charles’ LawFormula:

VI/TI= VF/TF

Where:

VI= Initial Volume TI= Initial Temperature

VF= Final Volume TF= Final Temperature

Charles’ Law

What is this Charles’ Law thing all about??

Charles’ Law Video

Problem 1

Problem 2

Problem 3

Problem 4

Problem 5

Problem 6

Problem 7

Problem 8

Problem 9

Problem 10

Charles’ Law

Problem 1:

What is the initial volume of oxygen that can be obtained from a

particular tank at 1.0 atm and that has a final volume and

temperature of 305 K and 1.52 L (including the volume remaining

in the tank). With an initial temperature of 273.89 K.

Charles’ Law

A) 1.36 L

B) 1.24 L

C) 1.14 L

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Charles’ Law Charles’ Problems

Problem 2:

What is the initial temperature of oxygen that can be obtained from a particular tank at 1.73 atm and

that has a final volume and temperature of 305 K and 1.52 L (including the volume remaining

in the tank). With an initial volume of 73.89 L.

Charles’ Law

A) 1.4827 K

B) 148.27 K

C) 14826.61 K

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Problem 3:

What is the final volume of oxygen that can be obtained from a

particular tank at 3.86 atm and that had a inital volume and

temperature of 325 K and 3.58 L (including the volume remaining

in the tank). With an final temperature of 273.89 K.

Charles’ Law

A) 1.337 L

B) 3.017 L

C) 1.627 L

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Problem 4:

What is the final temperature of oxygen that can be obtained from a particular tank at 4.37 atm and its initial temperature and volume

are 305 K and 1.52 L (including the volume remaining in the tank)

and its final volume is 3.28L.

Charles’ Law

A) 658.16K

B) 65.816 K

C) 6.5816 K

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Problem 5:

What is the initial volume of oxygen that can be obtained from a

particular tank at 1.0 atm and its final temperature and volume are 423.86 K is 13.21 L (including the volume remaining in the tank) and the initial temperature was 257.49

Charles’ Law

A) 8.02 K

B) 80.2 K

C) 0.802K

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Problem 6:

What is the initial temperature. If the final temperature and

volume of oxygen that can be obtained from a particular tank at 1.0 atm and 285 K is 5.23 L

(including the volume remaining in the tank), and the initial volume had been 4.73 L.

Charles’ Law

A) 2.57 L

B) 257.75 L

C) 25.75 L

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Problem 7:

The total volume of oxygen that can be obtained from a particular tank at 1.0 atm and 305 K is 1.52 L (including the volume remaining in the tank). What would be this volume of oxygen if the temperature had been 358.40 K.

Charles’ Law

A) 1.59 L

B) 1.29 L

C) 1.32 L

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Problem 8:

Charles’ Law

A) 1.33 L

B) 1.48 L

C) 1.28 L

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Problem 9:

Charles’ Law

A) 1.27 L

B) 1.14 L

C) 1.60 L

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Problem 10:

A) 1.29 L

B) 1.33 L

C) 1.24 L

Charles’ Law

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Ideal Gas LawExplanation

FormulaPictureVideo

ProblemsExcel

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Ideal Gas LawExplanation:The ideal gas law is the combination of not only

Charles’ and Boyle’s laws but also of Avogadro’s law.

As long as you know 3 out of the 5 variables- and R (universal gas constant) is always constant you can algebraically manipulating the ideal gas law formula you can see the different relationships between Temperature, Volume, Pressure, and amount of moles.

Ideal Gas Law Main Menu

Ideal Gas LawFormula:

PV= nRTWhere:

P= Pressure V= Volume T= Temperature n= moles

R= Gas Constant 8.314 J/k*mol

R= Gas Constant 0.0821 (L*atm)/(mol*K)

R= Gas Constant 8.314 (Pa*m3)/(k*mol)

Main MenuIdeal Gas Law

Ideal Gas Law

What is this Ideal Gas Law thing all about??

Ideal Gas Law Video

Problem 1

Problem 2

Problem 3

Problem 4

Problem 5

Problem 6

Problem 7

Problem 8

Problem 9

Problem 10

Ideal Gas Law

Problem 1:

A balloon contains 0.76 moles of He. He is at 305 K and 25 atm. What is the volume of the gas in the balloon?

i) 0.70124 L

ii) 0.7124 L

iii) 0.7612 L

Ideal Gas Problems

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Ideal Gas Law

i) 1.35 atm

ii) 1.27 atm

iii) 1.11 atm

Problem 2:

A balloon contains 1.11 moles of He, He is at 305 K and 25 L. What is the pressure of the gas in the balloon?

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Ideal Gas Law Ideal Gas Problems

Ideal Gas Law

i) 2.47 moles

ii) 2.67 moles

iii) 2.53 molesProblem 3:

A balloon contains 2.67 liters of He, He is at 305 K and 25 atm. How many moles of the gas are in the balloon?

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Ideal Gas Law

i) 0.041 (L*atm)/(mol*K)

ii) 0.021 (L*atm)/(mol*K)

iii) 0.039 (L*atm)/(mol*K)Problem 4:

A balloon contains 3.92 moles of He, He is at 305 K, 1.0L and 25 atm. What is the gas constant of the gas in the balloon?

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Ideal Gas Law

i) 20278.28K

ii) 25573.21 K

iii) 24628.43KProblem 5:

A balloon contains 4.58 moles of He, He is at 305 L and 25 atm. What is the temperature of the gas in the balloon?

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Ideal Gas Law

i) 530.48 L

ii) 427.96 L

iii) 503.84 LProblem 6:

A balloon contains 5.23 moles of He, He is at 305 K and 25 atm. What is the volume of the gas in the balloon?

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Ideal Gas Law

i) 541.73 L

ii) 637.78 L

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Ideal Gas Law

i) 795.22 L

ii) 802.37 L

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Ideal Gas Law

i) 824.11 L

ii) 844.92 L

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Ideal Gas Law

i) 993.47 L

ii) 888.95 L

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Ideal Gas ProblemsIdeal Gas Law

Excelling with the Gas LawsClick on the Excel icon and

input your own values. You will be able to see graphs

of the various Gas Law relationships.

ReferencesPicture images:

http://mw.concord.org/modeler1.3/mirror/chemistry/piston.gif http://thumbs.dreamstime.com/thumb_140/1176816767U4ZEZ2.jpg http://sciencestage.com/pictures/gx3fwekvp85r0ks7qc6gwmekzdwwh8w

mwqrhvz38wxpp85kp7huttw2hzp35mqh76wfqm7oChemistry%20wizard.gif

http://www.leadfoots.com/images/Awesome%5B1%5D.jpg http://byebyebigguy.files.wordpress.com/2009/07/sadface.jpg http://www.contrib.andrew.cmu.edu/~iclanton/CCM-Website/images/Exce

lLogo.png http://worldofweirdthings.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/06/sad_face_44

References

Picture Images: http://media.giantbomb.com/uploads/0/2241/663872-vault_boy_manip

_super.jpg http://www.clevelandseniors.com/images/clipart/smiley-face.jpg http://media.photobucket.com/image/super%20job/pimpoographics/gli

ttergraphics/Congradulations/superjob.gif http://rlv.zcache.com/chemistry_smiley_photosculpture-p15343449834

2421078qif5_210.jpg http://www.calctool.org/CALC/chem/c_thermo/ideal_gas.png http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_LbfH6nnGyvU/RhSDBTfogDI/AAAAAAAAAAw

/vgJBkFftiEU/s400/sadface.jpg

Picture Images:http://www.astronomynotes.com/starsun/idealgas-anim.gifhttp://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Travel

_problem.svg/350px-Travel_problem.svg.pnghttp://kaffee.50webs.com/Science/images/KTG.PV.constant.nT.gifhttp://www.chemistryland.com/CHM130/Web-PowerPoints/Gases_P

V_nRT.jpghttp://www.ttlearning.com/images/jp_boyle.jpg

References

Videos:http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=-914214099352708812

&ei=4qvpSvKIFsLrlQeWnujQAw&q=boyles+law&hl=enhttp://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=-450646154717340120

4&ei=dqzpSr38E5PllQfs18H1Dw&q=Charle%27s+Law&hl=enhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xwKpXEUds0c&feature=related

References

Ebbing, Darrell, and Steven Gammon. General Chemsitry 6th Edition. New York: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1999.

References

WOOHOO! You are correct.

Main MenuIdeal Gas Problems

Charles’ Problems Boyle’s Problems

AWESOME!

You are a real Gas Law Wizard!

Excellent!

Super!

Way to go!

Good Job!Main Menu

Boyle’s ProblemsCharles’ Problems

Ideal Gas Problems

Correct!

Boyle’s Law

Let us look at that calculation again...

PIVI= PFVF

Where:

PI= Initial Pressure VI= Initial Volume

PF= Final Pressure VF= Final Volume

Boyle’s Problems

Main Menu

Charles’ Law

VI/TI= VF/TF

Where:

VI= Initial Volume TI= Initial Temperature VF= Final Volume TF= Final Temperature

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Ideal Gas Law

PV= nRTWhere:

P= Pressure V= Volume T= Temperature n= moles R= Gas Constant 8.314 J/k*mol

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