lecture9 rockcycle

TheRockCycle

Quiz 3!

Rock cycle

metamorphic rocksigneous

rocks

sedimentary rocks

important to note rock types, processes, intermediary states, and shortcuts

IGNEOUS ROCK

Magma cools & solidifies IgneousRock

The Rock Cycle

Weathering-Surface processes that physically disrupt and chemically change rocks

Transport of Weathered Materials

Sediment Deposition

Magma cools & solidifies IgneousRock

WeatheringTransport &Deposition

Sediment

The Rock Cycle

SEDIMENTARY ROCK

Lithification

1 mm

cools & solidifies IgneousRock

WeatheringTransport &Deposition

Sedimentary Rock

Lithification

The Rock Cycle

Magma

Sediment

Sedimentary rocks exposed in the Canadian Rockies

cools & solidifies IgneousRock

WeatheringTransport &Deposition

Sedimentary Rock

LithificationWeatheringTransport &Deposition

The Rock Cycle

Magma

Sediment

METAMORPHIC ROCKS

cools & solidifies IgneousRock

WeatheringTransport &Deposition

Sedimentary Rock

LithificationWeatheringTransport &Deposition

Metamorphic Rock Heat &Pressure

The Rock Cycle

Heat &Pressure

Magma

Sediment

Limestone- sedimentary rock

Marble- metamorphic rock

How is Turkey Like a Metamorphic Rock?

Transformed in the Solid State

If there is melting, then it’s not metamorphism

The Rock Cycle

cools & solidifies IgneousRock

WeatheringTransport &Deposition

Sedimentary Rock

LithificationWeatheringTransport &Deposition

Metamorphic Rock Heat &Pressure

melting

melting

Heat &Pressure

melting

Magma

Sediment

The Rock Cycle

cools & solidifies IgneousRock

WeatheringTransport &Deposition

Sedimentary Rock

LithificationWeatheringTransport &Deposition

Metamorphic Rock Heat &Pressure

melting

melting

Heat &Pressure

melting

WeatheringTransport &Deposition

Magma

Sediment

The Rock Cycle

cools & solidifies IgneousRock

WeatheringTransport &Deposition

Sedimentary Rock

LithificationWeatheringTransport &Deposition

Metamorphic Rock Heat &Pressure

melting

melting

Heat &Pressure

melting

WeatheringTransport &Deposition

Magma

Sediment

The Rock Cycle

cools & solidifies IgneousRock

WeatheringTransport &Deposition

Sedimentary Rock

LithificationWeatheringTransport &Deposition

Metamorphic Rock Heat &Pressure

melting

melting

Heat &Pressure

melting

WeatheringTransport &Deposition

Magma

Sediment

Heat &Pressure

Heat &Pressure

The Rock Cycle

cools & solidifies IgneousRock

WeatheringTransport &Deposition

Sedimentary Rock

LithificationWeatheringTransport &Deposition

Metamorphic Rock

melting

melting

melting

WeatheringTransport &Deposition

Magma

Sediment

Earth’s

Internal structure

1. Core (2200 mi)

2. Mantle (1800 mi)

3. Crust (5-25 mi)

Inner CoreMantle

Crust

Outercore

- solid (due to very high pressure)

- composed of Fe & Ni

- 7000-9000°F

Outer Core

- molten

- composed of Fe & Ni

- 5400-7000°F

- generates magnetic field due to convective flow

Innercore

Mantle

Crust

Mantle

Innercore

Crust

Outercore

- majority of Earth’s volume

- composed of oxides of Fe, Si, and Mg

- data from volcanic material & experimental work

- 3300- 5100°F

- divided into 3 zones

3 mantle zones1. Uppermost mantle

- rigid

2. Asthenosphere- plastic

- moves indpt of lithosphere

3. Mesosphere- rigid

Mesosphere

Asthenosphere

Uppermost mantle

lithosphere

mantle

Crust- thin, brittle layer

- contains continents & ocean basins

- abundant elements: O, Si, Al, and Fe

Moho = discontinuity between crust & mantle

Lithosphere = crust +

uppermost mantle

Mantle

Outercore

Innercore

Continental vs. oceanic

crust

Continental OceanicThickness thick thin

Composition granite basalt

Elements Si & Al Fe & Mg

Density low high

Age old young

Isostasy• maintenance of

hydrostatic equilibrium of crust

-AKA buoyancy

• adding weight to crust = sink

• removing weight = rise

Excel Demo