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JICT 2009, Published by:
Vol.3, No.1
BIZ
TE
K C
RE
AT
IVE
DIV
ISIO
N
JICT
Journal of Information&
Communication Technology
Journal of Information &
Com
munication Technology
ISSN 1816-613X
Efficient Image Enhancement TechniquesMuhammad Shahzad, Shiraz Latif, Quratulain Akhter, Farida Bibi
Terminal Mobility In 3G and Beyond 3G Networks: Mobile Terminal and IPv6Factors
Nazrul Nifkuzyaire Bin Zainudin, Rahmat Budiarto, Khurram Ghaniz
Effectiveness of Score Normalisation in Multimodal Biometric FusionF.Alsaade, Noor Zaman, Mansoor Z. Dawood, Sayed Hyder Abbas Musavi
Sarina Zainab Shirazi
Phonology for Sindhi Letter-to-Sound ConversionJaved Ahmed Mahar, Ghulam Qadir Memon
Mohamed Othman, Mostafa Nikpour Kermanian
Gulshan Campus:Opposite Samdani Hospital Allama Shabbir Ahmed Usmani Road.
Block2, Gulshan-e-Iqbal, Karachi.Phone:(92-21) 34969984-7 FAX: (92-21) 34969988
Nazimabad Campus:Opposite A.O.Clinic, Above JS Bank, Plot No-15Row No-1, Block No-III/B Nazimabad, Karachi.
Phone:(92-21) 36617946-49 FAX: (92-21) 36619242
Executive Development Center (City Campus)1st, 2nd & 3rd Floor, UZMA PLAZA, Plot No. 20-A/1, Block-6,
PECHS, Main Shahra-e-Faisal, Karachi.Phone:(92-21) 34301085-88 Fax: (92-21) 34301089
E-MAIL: edc@biztek.edu.pk URL: www.biztek.edu.pk
Main Ibrahim Hydri Road, Korangi Creek, Karachi-75190 PakistanUAN: (92-21) 111-428-428 FAX: (92-21) 35092384
E-MAIL: info@biztek.edu.pk URL: www.biztek.edu.pk
The Possibility of Industrial Management using Technology Audit Model in thePublic Sector Engineering Units of Pakistan
Reliable and Security-Based Myren Network Traffic Management using OpenSource Tools
Volume 3, Number 1
Spring 2009
Sarina Zainab Shirazi– 21-28The Possibility of Industrial Management using Technology Audit Model in the Public Sector
Engineering Units of Pakistan
Effectiveness of Score Normalisation in Multimodal Biometric FusionF.Alsaade, Noor Zaman, Mansoor Z. Dawood, Sayed Hyder Abbas Musavi– 29-35
Mohamed Othman, Mostafa Nikpour Kermanian– 01-10Reliable and Security-Based Myren Network Traffic Management using Open Source Tools
Javed Ahmed Mahar, Ghulam Qadir Memon– 11-20Phonology for Sindhi Letter-to-Sound Conversion
Nazrul Nifkuzyaire Bin Zainudin, Rahmat Budiarto, Khurram Ghaniz– 36-49Terminal Mobility In 3G and Beyond 3G Networks: Mobile Terminal and IPv6 Factors
Muhammad Shahzad, Shiraz Latif, Quratulain Akhter, Farida Bibi– 50-135Efficient Image Enhancement Techniques
One soft copy of the manuscript should also be received at dr.mansoor@biztek.edu.pk . Manuscriptsshould be prepared in US English using a word processing (preferably in MS Word) program and savedas a .doc or .rtf files. or pdf files.
Author(s) are requested to please carefully read all the instructions before submitting a manuscript to theJournal of Information & Communication Technology (JICT). Manuscripts not prepared as per belowmentioned specifications may be returned to the author(s) and may experience significant delays in reviewand time to publication.
INSTRUCTIONS TO AUTHORS
MANUSCRIPT SUBMISSION
Three hard copies of manuscripts of articles, comments, notes or book-reviews, should be submitted to
Tables and Figures: Figures, tables and boxes should be numbered consecutively in Arabic numeral,(e.g.; Figure 1, Figure 2, and Table 1, Table 2, etc.). Do not draw colorful customized figures and graphs.Please avoid inserting figures and tables in the main text. Instead, in the space immediately after theparagraph in which the figure or table is first referenced, insert a text tag as follows:[Figure 1 here]Soft copy of figures/graphs and tables should be accompanied with the soft copy of the manuscript inMicrosoft Excel or any other compatible format, in files separate from the text file(s).
should also be on this page.
Title Page: This includes the title of the article, complete name(s) of author(s), active email(s) andinstitutional affiliation(s) respectively. Acknowledgements and/or any other special note (if given)
General Format and Style: Manuscripts should be formed in double space, with 1.25-inch margins onall sides on A4 size page. The text as well as footnotes should be written in Times New Roman font ofsize 12 point. Do not use multiple columns. If you are using special characters or symbols, not availablein Microsoft Word, or Adobe Acrobat then please attach the true type font(s) files. The soft copy mustexactly match the hard copy.
paper or report that is neither published nor accepted for publication.abbreviated name of journals and institutions. Clearly mention the web site(s) address(es) for the article,name of all authors for collective work and avoid using et al. in lieu of authors' names. Do not usereferring and citation. List references alphabetically by author's last name and then by year. Please referReference List and Citations: Authors are requested to follow the Chicago Style of Manual for
Footnotes: All footnotes should be numbered in Arabic numeral, corresponding to numbers in the text,and place them at the bottom of the page rather end of the manuscript.
soft copy in any standard spreadsheet format. If the manuscript is supported by any econometriccomputations or mathematical estimation then name the software with version and send the relevantestimation file and/or program routines.
Data and Programming Routines: Data used in the article should be separately provided along with the
The EditorJournal of Information & Communication Technology
Institute of Business and Technology (BIZTEK)Main Ibrahim Hydri Road, Korangi Creek
Karachi-75190 Pakistan
MANUSCRIPT SPECIFICATIONS
Abstract: All manuscripts should contain a well-summarized abstract of 100 to 200 words. This shouldbe a separate file on soft copy and a separate page on hard copy. The abstract should be related to thehypothesis and information being presented, as well as conclusions and results of general interest.
Board of GovernorsInstitute of Business and Technology (BIZTEK)
PatronDr. Ishrat ul Ebad Khan
Governor of Sindh
Chairman
Chancellor, BIZTEK
President
Air Commodore (R) Prof. Dr. Ijaz MalikHead of Engineering Department, NUST, Islamabad
M. Anwar Dawood
Adnan AbidCEO, Noman Abid & Company Limited
Col (R) Tahir HussainVice-chairman & Rector
Dr. Ishrat HussainDirector, IBA Karachi
A. K. M. SaeedAdvisor, NACL (Holdings and Investment)
Noman Abid Lakhani
President, Global Educational Consultants
Rizwan MemonSecretary, Education Department
Government of Sindh
Justice Agha Rafique Ahmed KhanFederal Secretary Law & Justice Division
Shamim Ahmed Shamsi
Karachi Chamber of Commerce and Industry
Tariq Rashid Baig
Managing EditorNoman Abid Lakhani
ChancellorInstitute of Business and Technology (BIZTEK)
Editor-in-ChiefCol (R) Tahir HussainVice Chairman & Rector
Institute of Business and Technology (BIZTEK)
EditorMansoor-uz-Zafar Dawood
BOARD OF EDITORS
Manager CirculationAzim Abbas
JICT is published by the:
Institute of Business and Technology (BIZTEK)Main Ibrahim Hydri Road, Korangi Creek, Karachi-75190 Pakistan
UAN: (92-21) 111-428-428 FAX: (92-21) 35092384, E-MAIL: info@biztek.edu.pk URL: www.biztek.edu.pk
New York, USASelangor D.E., MalaysiaSingaporeRau Indore, IndiaSydney, AustraliaSaudi ArabiaIndore, IndiaSaudi ArabiaIndore, IndiaUnited KingdomPakistanPakistan
Junaid Ahmed ZUBAIRIMohammed OTHMANSiyal Mohammed YAKOOBP. K. CHANDES. KENNEDYBadar Al-JOHARSanjiv TOKEKARSyed MISBAHUDDINAshwani. K. RAMANIBhawani. S. CHOWDHRYValiuddinPervez AKHTER
State University of NewYorkUniversity of PutraNanyan Technological UniversityIndian Institute of Management (IIM)University of SydneyKing Faisal UniverityDevi Ahilya UniversityUniversity of HailDevi Ahilya UniversityUniversity of SouthamptonNational Uni of Sci & TechNational Uni of Sci & Tech
Editorial AssistantsAbdul Hafeez
Associate Editors
Executive Development Center (City Campus)1st, 2nd & 3rd Floor, UZMA PLAZA, Plot No. 20-A/1, Block-6, PECHS, Main Shahra-e-Faisal, Karachi.
Phone:(92-21) 34301085-88 Fax: (92-21) 34301089 E-MAIL: edc@biztek.edu.pk URL: www.biztek.edu.pk
Journal of Information & Communication Technology
Noor ZamanAbdul Aziz
Riaz Sheikh
Design & Layout
Nazimabad Campus:Opposite A.O.Clinic, Above JS Bank, Plot No-15, Row No-1, Block No-III/B Nazimabad, Karachi.
Phone:(92-21) 36617946-49 FAX: (92-21) 36619242
Gulshan Campus:Opposite Samdani Hospital Allama Shabbir Ahmed Usmani Road. Block2, Gulshan-e-Iqbal, Karachi.
Tel: 021- 4969984-7, Fax: 021- 4969988
Journal of Information and Communication Technology
Journal of Information and Communication Technology (JICT) is anemerging name in Pakistan. JICT offers a range of services to non-profitorganizations and research-based institutions to promote their productsfor academic and educational activities. Take advantage ofthe targeted opportunities available to reach your market.
Academic and non profit research-based goods and services include:
Journal of Information and Communication Technology
1000500350250
JICT currently taking orders for:
Main Ibrahim Hydri Road, Korangi Creek, Karachi-75190UAN: 111-428-428, Fax: (92-21) 35092384
e-mail: dr.mzdawood@biztek.edu.pk noor@biztek.edu.pk
Main Campus
Uzma Plaza, 1st, 2nd & 3rd Floor, Plot No. 20-A/1, Block-6, PECHS, Main Shahra-e-Faisal, Karachi.Phone: 021-34301085-88, Fax: 021-34301089, e-mail: edc@biztek.edu.pk URL: www.biztek.edu.pk
Executive Development Center (City Campus)
Gulshan Campus:Opposite Samdani Hospital Allama Shabbir Ahmed Usmani Road.
Block2, Gulshan-e-Iqbal, Karachi.Tel: 021- 34969984-7, Fax: 021- 34969988
Nazimabad Campus:Opposite A.O.Clinic, Above JS Bank, Plot No-15, Row No-1, Block No-III/B Nazimabad, Karachi.
Phone:(92-21) 36617946-49 FAX: (92-21) 36619242
Main Ibrahim Hydri Road, Korangi Creek, Karachi-75190UAN: 111-428-428, Fax: (92-21) 35092384
e-mail: registrar@biztek.edu.pk drmuhammadali@biztekian.com
Main Campus
Uzma Plaza, 1st, 2nd & 3rd Floor, Plot No. 20-A/1, Block-6, PECHS, Main Shahra-e-Faisal, Karachi.Phone: 021-34301085-88, Fax: 021-34301089, e-mail: edc@biztek.edu.pk URL: www.biztek.edu.pk
Executive Development Center (City Campus)
EconomicsManagementMarketing Finance
Human Resource
Information Technology TelecommunicationMISEducation
Media Sciences Social Sciences
Gulshan Campus:Opposite Samdani Hospital Allama Shabbir Ahmed Usmani Road.
Block2, Gulshan-e-Iqbal, Karachi.Tel: 021- 34969984-7, Fax: 021- 34969988
Nazimabad Campus:Opposite A.O.Clinic, Above JS Bank, Plot No-15, Row No-1, Block No-III/B Nazimabad, Karachi.
Phone:(92-21) 36617946-49 FAX: (92-21) 36619242
This vast world has shrunk into a small village. The Global Village! All barriershave been broken down. Worldwide accessibility has become as simple as talkingto your neighbor. Doing business across the world is as simple as logging on yourcomputer. The Internet Technology is not just for games, chatting and occasionalresearch anymore, now it is an essential part of everyday life of every one. A businesscannot flourish without becoming a global enterprise and becoming active part ofthe Global Village. Information and Communication Technology is the vehicleproviding the access to the Global Village.
The technology is changing very rapidly because of the advanced featuresof ICT, Al, Telecommunication, e-commerce, IS, Robotics, Cyber Security, Data Mining,Network Storage Technologies, Software and Hardware Technologies. Now a daysthe technology becomes obsolete in 12 to 18 months, thus it is imperative for us tokeep ourselves updated on the latest developments in ICT or become obsolete andbe left out into oblivion. Today the user and the student of ICT must be willing tolearn constantly to keep abreast with the technology growth.
JICT is an international Journal of Information and Communication Technology,published by BIZTEK on bi-annual basis. We welcome the submission of articlesfrom researchers, academicians and practitioners in the area of ICT. For instructionto submission of manuscripts, please see the title flap. The papers should be ofmoderate length for the sake of greater diversity. Please note that submissionsshould be original contributions and will go through a rigorous evaluation process.
JICT does not charge any fee for submitting, reviewing and/or posting manuscriptsbefore of after acceptance of the article.
Journal of Information and Communication TechnologyInstitute of Business & Technology - BIZTEK
Main Ibrahim Hydri Road, Korangi Creek, Karachi-75190, Pakistane-mail: dr.mzdawood@biztek.edu.pk, noor@biztek.edu.pk
UAN: +(92 21) 111-428-428 Fax: +(92 21) 35092384
Uzma Plaza, 1st, 2nd & 3rd Floor, Plot No. 20-A/1, Block-6, PECHS, Main Shahra-e-Faisal, Karachi.Phone: 021-34301085-88, Fax: 021-34301089, e-mail: edc@biztek.edu.pk URL: www.biztek.edu.pk
Executive Development Center (City Campus)
Gulshan Campus:Opposite Samdani Hospital Allama Shabbir Ahmed Usmani Road. Block2, Gulshan-e-Iqbal, Karachi.
Tel: 021- 34969984-7, Fax: 021- 34969988
Nazimabad Campus:Opposite A.O.Clinic, Above JS Bank, Plot No-15, Row No-1, Block No-III/B Nazimabad, Karachi.
Phone:(92-21) 36617946-49 FAX: (92-21) 36619242
For the sake of said purpose, the (JCIT) is considerably subsidized not only for Pakistanisubscribers but also for the nationals of LDCs (least developed countries). LDCs includeeconomies annually listed by the World Bank in World Development Indicators (WDI).
The Journal of Information & Communication Technology (JCIT) is published semiannualy (Spring and Autumn) under the aiges of Institute of Business and Technology(BIZTEK)_a non-profit academic institute, recognized by Higher EducationCommisions (Govt. of Pakistan) and legislated by Sindh assembly through Act-II of2004. It aims to propagate knowledge and brings forth culture of research.
JICT 2009, Published by:
Vol.3, No.1
BIZ
TE
K C
RE
AT
IVE
DIV
ISIO
N
JICT
Journal of Information&
Communication Technology
Journal of Information &
Com
munication Technology
ISSN 1816-613X
Efficient Image Enhancement TechniquesMuhammad Shahzad, Shiraz Latif, Quratulain Akhter, Farida Bibi
Terminal Mobility In 3G and Beyond 3G Networks: Mobile Terminal and IPv6Factors
Nazrul Nifkuzyaire Bin Zainudin, Rahmat Budiarto, Khurram Ghaniz
Effectiveness of Score Normalisation in Multimodal Biometric FusionF.Alsaade, Noor Zaman, Mansoor Z. Dawood, Sayed Hyder Abbas Musavi
Sarina Zainab Shirazi
Phonology for Sindhi Letter-to-Sound ConversionJaved Ahmed Mahar, Ghulam Qadir Memon
Mohamed Othman, Mostafa Nikpour Kermanian
Gulshan Campus:Opposite Samdani Hospital Allama Shabbir Ahmed Usmani Road.
Block2, Gulshan-e-Iqbal, Karachi.Phone:(92-21) 34969984-7 FAX: (92-21) 34969988
Nazimabad Campus:Opposite A.O.Clinic, Above JS Bank, Plot No-15Row No-1, Block No-III/B Nazimabad, Karachi.
Phone:(92-21) 36617946-49 FAX: (92-21) 36619242
Executive Development Center (City Campus)1st, 2nd & 3rd Floor, UZMA PLAZA, Plot No. 20-A/1, Block-6,
PECHS, Main Shahra-e-Faisal, Karachi.Phone:(92-21) 34301085-88 Fax: (92-21) 34301089
E-MAIL: edc@biztek.edu.pk URL: www.biztek.edu.pk
Main Ibrahim Hydri Road, Korangi Creek, Karachi-75190 PakistanUAN: (92-21) 111-428-428 FAX: (92-21) 35092384
E-MAIL: info@biztek.edu.pk URL: www.biztek.edu.pk
The Possibility of Industrial Management using Technology Audit Model in thePublic Sector Engineering Units of Pakistan
Reliable and Security-Based Myren Network Traffic Management using OpenSource Tools
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