ionic bonding 2008

Chemical Bonds:Chemical Bonds:Ionic BondingIonic Bonding

Parts 4.2 & 4.3Parts 4.2 & 4.3

Goal 1Goal 1

Understand the Understand the basisbasis of of and describe the and describe the

characteristicscharacteristics of of ionicionic bondingbonding

Why bond?Why bond?

Full outer shellFull outer shell

Valence electronsValence electrons

Full outer shellFull outer shell

H H 2 e- 2 e-

All others All others 8 e- 8 e-

Happy!Happy!

Recall Ion formationRecall Ion formation

Gain or loss of electronGain or loss of electron

Gain electron = “-” chargeGain electron = “-” charge

Lose electron = “+” chargeLose electron = “+” charge

Characteristics of Ionic BondsCharacteristics of Ionic Bonds

MetalMetal bonded with bonded with nonmetalnonmetal

Forms “ionic compounds” aka “salts”Forms “ionic compounds” aka “salts”

****TRANSFERTRANSFER**** electrons electrons

Metals Give (+ charge)Metals Give (+ charge)

Non-metals Receive (- charge)Non-metals Receive (- charge)

Conducts electricity Conducts electricity onlyonly

In solutionIn solution

As liquidAs liquid

Because of electron movementBecause of electron movement

Goal 2Goal 2

Determine the chemical Determine the chemical formula of an ionic formula of an ionic

compound by using the compound by using the charge on each ion charge on each ion

MetalsMetals give away electrons give away electrons (+ charge)(+ charge)

Recall how to determine charge…Recall how to determine charge…

Group #Group #

Energy levelsEnergy levels

Li Li 1+ 1+

Mg Mg 2+ 2+

Ca Ca ___ ___

K K ___ ___

NonmetalsNonmetals receive electrons receive electrons ( - charge)( - charge)

Recall how to determine chargeRecall how to determine charge

8 electrons8 electrons

Group #Group #

Energy levelEnergy level

F F 1- 1-

O O 2- 2-

P P ___ ___

Br Br ___ ___

Ionic compounds strive for Ionic compounds strive for combined combined neutral (0)neutral (0) charge charge Neutral charge = 0 chargeNeutral charge = 0 charge Combined ions = 0 chargeCombined ions = 0 charge

Sum of charges must = 0Sum of charges must = 0

Try it…Try it… Na Na 1+ 1+ Cl Cl 1- 1- How many of each to = 0 charge?How many of each to = 0 charge?

NaNa1+1+ and Cl and Cl 1-1- = 0 charge = 0 charge

(The charges should add to 0)(The charges should add to 0)

One sodium ion + One chlorine ion = 0 One sodium ion + One chlorine ion = 0 chargecharge

Chemical formula isChemical formula is

NaClNaCl

That was fun!That was fun!

Let’s try it again!!Let’s try it again!!

Mg Mg 2+ 2+ Cl Cl 1- 1- How many of each to = 0 charge?How many of each to = 0 charge?

MgMg2+2+ and Cl and Cl 1-1- = 1+ charge = 1+ charge (2) + (-1) = 1(2) + (-1) = 1

Uh Oh!!!Uh Oh!!!

One Magnesium ion + One chlorine ion = 1+One Magnesium ion + One chlorine ion = 1+

MgMg2+2+ and and ClCl 1-1- and and ClCl 1-1- = = 00 charge charge2 + (1-) + (1-) = 02 + (1-) + (1-) = 0

For every For every one magnesiumone magnesium ion, we ion, we need need two chlorinetwo chlorine ions ions

Chemical Formula Chemical Formula

MgClMgCl22

Your turn…Your turn…

What is the chemical formula for an What is the chemical formula for an ionic compound of ionic compound of

potassiumpotassium

and and

sulfursulfur??

KK22SS

Were you correct?Were you correct?

Try some moreTry some more

Sodium and PhosphorusSodium and Phosphorus

Lithium and NitrogenLithium and Nitrogen

Strontium and BromineStrontium and Bromine

Ask Ms. Acker about theAsk Ms. Acker about the

Criss - CrossCriss - Cross

Goal 3Goal 3

Name ionic compoundsName ionic compounds

Step one:Step one: Say the metalSay the metal

Step two:Step two: Say the nonmetal with an “ ide” endingSay the nonmetal with an “ ide” ending

NaCl = Sodium ChlorNaCl = Sodium Chlorideide

KCl = Potassium ChlorKCl = Potassium Chlorideide

MgClMgCl2 2 = Magnesium Chlor= Magnesium Chlorideide

KF = _________________KF = _________________

LiLi22S = __________________S = __________________

______= Beryllium Sulf______= Beryllium Sulfideide

____ = Sodium phosph____ = Sodium phosphideide

Goal 4Goal 4

Use electron dot Use electron dot structures to show ionic structures to show ionic

compound formationcompound formation

It’s all about the valence electronsIt’s all about the valence electrons Metals give (away extras)Metals give (away extras) Nonmetals receive (to fill outer shell)Nonmetals receive (to fill outer shell)

Ms. Acker will now show you on the boardMs. Acker will now show you on the board

Please take notePlease take note