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GE 11Overview of Geodetic
Engineering
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Engineering
Florence A. GaleonAssistant Professor
U.P. College of Engineering
Outline
I. Five Major Fields of Geodetic EngineeringII. Overview of SurveyingIII. Overview of Remote Sensing and III. Overview of Remote Sensing and
PhotogrammetryIV. Overview of Geographic Information Systems
(GIS)V. Overview of Global Positioning System (GPS)VI. Overview of CartographyVII. Geomatics Engineering
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Five Major Fields of Geodetic Engineering Course
� I. Surveying� II. Remote Sensing and Photogrammetry� II. Remote Sensing and Photogrammetry� III. Geographic Information Systems (GIS)� IV. Global Positioning System (GPS)�V. Cartography
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Definition of Surveying
1 “Surveying is the science or art of making such measurements as are necessary to determine the relative position of points above, on, or beneath the surface of the earth, or to establish such points.” (Breed, Hosmer, and Bone)(Breed, Hosmer, and Bone)
2 “Surveying is the art of measuring horizontal and vertical distances between objects, of measuring angles between lines, of determining the direction of lines, and of establishing points by predetermined angular and linear measurements.” (Davis, Foote, Anderson, and Mikhail)
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Definition of Remote Sensing
� It is the measurement or acquisition of some property of an object or phenomenon, by a recording device that is not in physical contact recording device that is not in physical contact with the object or phenomenon under study (formal definition of the ASPRS).
� Remote sensing is both an art and a science.
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Defining Geographic Information Systems (GIS)
� In simple terms, GIS is a set of computer-based systems for managing geographic data and using these data to solve real-world spatial problems.these data to solve real-world spatial problems.
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Anatomy of GIS
The anatomy of GIS refers to the various components that make up the system. GIS is generally thought to be comprised of the following
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to be comprised of the following components: hardware, software,data, people and organizations, and methods and institutional arrangements for collecting, storing, analyzing and disseminating information about areas of the earth.
GIS GIS layers layers to to model model the the real worldreal world
25http://geoworld.la.asu.edu/gis/
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•GIS stores information as a collection of thematic layers (left image). •By a processing called geocoding, the location of a particular thematic feature may be recorded (right image).
GPS Facts
� The Global Positioning System, better known as GPS, is a satellite-based radio navigation system developed and operated by the U.S. Department of Defense.
� GPS permits land, sea, and airborne users to determine � GPS permits land, sea, and airborne users to determine their three dimensional position, velocity, and time, 24 hours a day in all weather, anywhere in the world.
� GPS provides specially coded satellite signals that can be processed by a GPS receiver, which can compute position, velocity, and time.
� Four GPS satellite signals are used to compute 4 dimensions of X, Y, Z (position), and time.
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Three Satellites (2D Positioning)Three Satellites (2D Positioning)
Cartography
� science and art of making maps and charts
word "cartography" is derived
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� word "cartography" is derived from the Greek words chartes(sheet of papyrus) and graphy(writing).
Geomatics Engineering� It is the discipline of gathering, storing, processing,
and delivering of geographic information, or spatially referenced information
� It includes the tools and techniques used in land � It includes the tools and techniques used in land surveying, remote sensing, Geographic Information Systems (GIS), Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GPS, GLONASS, GALILEO, COMPASS), and related forms of earth mapping
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Interrelationship of the Different Geospatial Technologies
Surveying
Remote Sensing
GPS
G e o m a t i c s
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GIS
Application Fields
Cartography
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