internet of things, an introduction

Welcome to the World ofInternet of Things

"In the next century, planet earth will don an electronic skin. It will use the Internet as a scaffold to support and transmit its sensations."

 Neil Gross 1999

Pouria Ghatrenabi@Pouria.Ghatrenabi

Agenda

IoT Concept

Application in various areas

Architecture behind IoT

Challenges : Standards, Security, Privacy

Acceptance and adoption of IoT

Internet of Things or Everything (IoT/IoE)

The Internet of Things (IoT) refers to the ever-growing network of physical objects that feature an IP address for internet connectivity, and the communication that occurs between these objects and other Internet-enabled devices and systems.

Interconnection of sensing and actuating devices providing the ability to share information across platforms through a unified framework, developing a common operating picture for enabling innovative applications. This is achieved by seamless ubiquitous sensing, data analytics and information representation with Cloud computing as the unifying framework. *

*Internet of Things (IoT): A vision, architectural elements and future directions, Jayavardhana Gubbi et al, Published in February 2013, Future Generation Computer System, Elsevier

Growth of Devices signals the opportunity

What Drives IoT Technologies

http://postscapes.com/internet-of-things-technologies

Examples of IoT

IoT Applications – Your Body

• Check on the baby (Mimo Monitor)

• Remember to take your meds (GlowCaps)

• Track your activity levels (Smartphones)

• Monitor an aging family member (BeClose)

• Stay out of doctor's office (BodyGuardian)

• Heat your home efficiently (Nest)

• Make sure the oven is off (WeMo)

• Track down those lost keys (CobraTag)

• Light your home in new ways (Phillip’s Hue)

• Keep your plants alive (HarvestGeek)

IoT Applications – Your Home

IoT Applications – Your City

• Keep streets clean (Smart Belly Trash)

• Stop driving in circles (Park Sight Service)

• Receive pollution warnings (DontFlushMe)

• Use electricity more efficiently (SenseNET)

• Light streets more effectively (Smart Lighting System)

IoT Applications – Industry

• Maintain & repair

• Stop guessing (Shopperception)

• Monitor (SmartPile)

• Safety first

IoT Applications – The Environment

• Monitor pollution levels (Air Quality Egg )

• Track water (Floating Sensor Network )

• Help protect wildlife (Tracking Collar)

• Get an advanced warning (Landslide Detector )

• Stop the deforestation (Invisible Track)

IoT and Web Services

How Web Services Works

Source: Web Services, Service – Oriented Architecture, and Cloud Computing, 2013

Comparison of HTTP and CoAP Protocol Stacks

IEEE 802.15.4 and IPv6

Low Bandwidth (250 kbps), low power (1 mW) radio

• 3.4028236692093846346337460743177e+38

IPv6 uses a 128 bit address. (2128)

More than 7.9×1028  times as many as IPv4, which uses 32-bit addresses, provides approx. 4.3 billion addresses. 

The CoAP Architecture

Source: Web Services for the Internet of Things, 2011

Internet of Things Hardware:

• Wireless SoC (System on Chip)

• Prototyping boards and platforms

Internet of Things Software

• Riot OS

• Thingsquare Mist

Cloud Services

• ThingWorx

• EVERYTHING

Why Now

Smaller and cheaper hardware (Sensors,

actuators, microcontrollers)

Ubiquitous Connectivity

(Wifi,LTE,BLE,Zigbee,NFC)

Cloud(Massive & Cheap compute

power and storage as a service

Open Protocols(COAP,

HTTP/REST)

Adoption

Early stages of adoption.(Health,

Manufacturing, Water & Power Companies)

Adoption will take a while but

timeline shrinking.

Price of Sensors and actuator reducing

with time

The Obligatory Long Tail Slide...

• Traditionally, application development dollars are directed toward those projects and enhancements demanded by the largest group of users.– This practice of catering to the masses doesn’t necessarily lead to an outcome with the greatest positive impact on productivity.

IT focuses on the 20% of known problems that affect the most users.

The 80% of potential solutions that serve a smaller audience remain unaddressed.

Gartner Hype Cycle 2011

Market Analysis(Gartner 2013)

Impact on Business

Market Forecast & Analysis

Cisco IBSG predicts there will be 25 billion devices connected to the Internet by 2015 & 50 billion 

by 2020. 

Mckinsey Global Institute potential economic impact of the Internet of Things to be $2.7 trillion to $6.2 trillion per year by 2025 through use in a half-dozen major 

applications  

Gartner predicts the IoT which excludes PC,Tablets& 

Mobiles will grow to 26Bn units 

installed in 2020.

Challenges

Lack of Infrastructure

Lack of common Standar

d

Battery Life

Data Sharing

http://www.forbes.com/sites/rakeshsharma/2013/11/12/five-challenges-for-the-the-internet-of-things-ecosystem/

Recommendation & Take-aways

Focus on the standards and protocols. It basically covers many technical, adoption, and security 

issues.

Focus on open source protocols (e.g. Linux-based)

Manufacturer of the devices should prioritize security 

concerns

Data regulation

Adoption will be gradual

THANK YOU…

Internet of US

Reference

• Ten IT-enabled business trends for the decade ahead, May 2013, McKinsey Global Institute. • Internet of Things (IoT): A vision, architectural elements and future directions, Jayavardhana

Gubbi et al, Published in February 2013, Future Generation Comptuer System, Elsevier• Douglas, K., David, D. (2013): Web Services, Service – Oriented Architectures, and Cloud Computing, in: 

The Savvy Manager’s Guide, Second Edition, USA, 2013. ISBN 978-0-12398-357-2• Markku, L. (2011): Web Services for the Internet of Things, in: Aalto University, School of

Science. Available: http://www.slideshare.net/mplaine/web-services-for-the-internet-of-things• http://www.cisco.com/web/about/ac79/docs/innov/IoT_IBSG_0411FINAL.pdf• http://www.mckinsey.com/insights/business_technology/disruptive_technologies• http://postscapes.com/internet-of-things-examples/• De Guglielmo, D., Anastasi, G., & Seghetti, A. (2014). From IEEE 802.15. 4 to IEEE 802.15. 4e: A Step 

Towards the Internet of Things. In Advances onto the Internet of Things (pp. 135-152). Springer International Publishing.

• Mukhopadhyay, S. C., & Suryadevara, N. K. (2014). Internet of Things: Challenges and Opportunities. In Internet of Things (pp. 1-17). Springer International Publishing.

• Holler, J., Tsiatsis, V., Mulligan, C., Avesand, S., Karnouskos, S., & Boyle, D. (2014). From Machine-to-Machine to the Internet of Things: Introduction to a New Age of Intelligence. Academic Press.

• http://postscapes.com/what-exactly-is-the-internet-of-things-infographic