intelligent automatic plant irrigation system
Post on 15-Jul-2015
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INDEX
ABSTRACT BLOCK DIAGRAM POWER SUPPLY LM324 Relay AC MOTOR ADVANTAGES APPLICATIONS WORKING PROCEDURE CONCLUSION
ABSTRACT
Irrigation is the key to a successful garden. Long gone are the days of manual watering or relying on a friend to water when you are on vacation or away on business.
The Project presented here waters your plants regularly when you are out for vocation. The circuit comprises sensor parts built using op-amp IC LM324. Op-amp is configured here as a comparator.
Two stiff copper wires are inserted in the soil to sense the whether the Soil is wet or dry. The comparator monitors the sensors and when sensors sense the dry condition then the project will switch on the motor and it will switch off the motor when the sensors are in wet. The comparator does the above job it receives the signals from the sensors.
The solar cell is composed of the semiconductors of the P-N junctions.
It can convert light into electric energy. Therefore we can assume that electricity produced using sunlight shining on the solar cell can be used like common electricity.
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POWER SUPPLY
This project uses regulated 5V, 500mA power supply. 7805 three terminal voltage regulator is used for voltage
regulation. Bridge type full wave rectifier is used to rectify the ac out
put of secondary of 230/12V step down transformer.
LM324
The LM324 series consists of four independent, high gain, internally frequency compensated operational amplifiers which were designed specifically to operate from a single power supply over a wide range of voltages
Features Internally frequency compensated for unity gain Large DC voltage gain 100 dB Wide bandwidth (unity gain) 1 MHz (temperature
compensated) Wide power supply range: Single supply 3V to 32V or dual
supplies ±1.5V to ±16V Very low supply current drain (700 μA)—essentially
independent of supply voltage Low input biasing current 45 nA (temperature compensated)
RELAYS
A relay is an electrically controllable switch widely used in industrial controls, automobiles and appliances.
AC MOTOR
An electric motor uses electrical energy to produce mechanical energy
Electric motors are found in household appliances such as fans, refrigerators, washing machines, pool pumps, floor vacuums, and fan-forced ovens.
ADVANTAGES
Highly sensitiveWorks according to the soil conditionFit and Forget system Low cost and reliable circuitComplete elimination of manpowerCan handle heavy loads up to 7ASystem can be switched into manual mode whenever
required
WORKING PROCEDURE:
Switch ON the power supply. Each and every module require +5vdc of supply. In this project, we will be using two metal plates and we will be inserting it into the soil and sets some reference voltage. When ever the soil dry-wet sensor voltage is less than the reference voltage then that signals goes to LM324 Comparator.
This comparator switches ON the water pump through Relay automatically when the soil is DRY. To drive the relay we are using transistor driver because relay requires high current of 10 to 20 mile amps.
And when the soil dry-wet sensor voltage is higher than the reference voltage then that signals goes to LM324 Comparator.
This comparator switches OFF the water pump through Relay automatically when the soil is WET.
So, in this way we are reducing the man power.
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