i. jamestown and the southern colonies1. virginia company – the joint stock company that financed...

I. Jamestown and the

Southern Colonies

A. First Permanent English

Settlement: Jamestown 1607

1. Virginia Company – the joint

stock company that financed the

settlement of Jamestown

• What does it mean to own “stock” in a

company?

• What did the owners of the Virginia

company want to happen in Jamestown?

2. Problems faced by the settlers:

• A. Illness – mosquitoes from a nearby

swamp

• B. starvation – early settlers more

interested in looking for gold than doing

work

• C. Leadership disputes – resolved by John

Smith who said “he who does not work,

does not eat”

• D. Conflict with Indians – Chief Powhatan

hoped to contain rather than fight the

colonists – lost 1609-1613 war

3. Tobacco – becomes the colonies

cash crop, exported to Europe for

profit

4. House of Burgesses

(Representatives) 1619 -

• Virginians met to make their own laws

Can you smellllll it?

• SIGNIFICANCE: it was an

early form of democracy and

self government!

5. Bacon’s Rebellion - 1676

• Nathaniel Bacon leads a group of

poor farmers in an unsuccessful

revolt against the Governor who they

think is ignoring the common people

and favoring the rich and wealthy

Can you smellllll it?

• SIGNIFICANCE: it showed that

the people would not tolerate a

government that favored the rich

and wealthy and ignored the

others

Other Southern Colonies:

• 1632 – founded

as a proprietary

colony, given to

Lord Baltimore

as a haven for

Catholics

Maryland

Other Southern Colonies

• 1655 – North Carolina

• 1670 – South Carolina

Other Southern Colonies:

• 1732 – (What century?) Georgia founded

as a proprietary colony by James Edward

Oglethorpe

Why was Georgia founded?

• 1. to protect South Carolina from

Spanish Florida

• 2. as a haven (safe place) for

English debtors

Jamestown grows and becomes:

• Virginia

Assessment

• Answer in two words: Why were the

Southern Colonies founded?

• Economic Opportunity (exception =

Maryland)

II. The New England Colonies

A. Puritans

• 1. Reasons for emigration from Europe:

(turn to page 50 in book)

2. 1620 – Pilgrims (a type of

Puritan) settle at Plymouth

• SKIT ROW 1!

Signed the Mayflower Compact-

• They agreed to form a government and

obey the laws!

Can you smellllll it?

• SIGNIFICANCE: an example of self

government and democracy in the

colonies

• Review: What is this similar to from the

Southern Colony of Jamestown?

• Answer: House of Burgesses

3. More puritans led by John

Winthrop establish the

Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1630

• a. They elect their own governor and

assembly (How do you like that King

George?)

• b. this colony grows to include Plymouth

and the area of Maine

Skit Row 2!

• 4. Puritans did not practice religious

tolerance

• a. Baptists, Catholics and Quakers would

have to settle elsewhere

Skit Row 3!

• 5. Roger Williams was a puritan who

believed the settlers should buy land from

the Native Americans rather than take it

• a. he was banished for this view

• b. he left and founded Rhode Island in

1636 on the principles of:

• separation of church and state

• religious freedom

• Do I need to bring out the nose?

Skit Row 4!

• 6. Anne Hutchinson was banished

because she wanted to lead church

services

7. The Half-Way Covenant

• 1660’s Puritan church membership

declining

• The solution: a half-way covenant to allow

partial church membership for the children

and grandchildren of the original Puritans

• Puritan practices were weakening in New

England

8. Loss of Massachusetts Charter

• Mid 1680’s: a new King in England wants

more control over the colonies so HE

appoints the governor of Massachusetts

• Result: Colonists upset

• Colonists insisted on right not to pay taxes

unless approved by an elected

government (sniff! sniff!)

• 1691 – becomes a royal colony (vocab)

9. Salem Witch Trials – 1690’s

• 150 Massachusetts colonists accused of

witchcraft

• 29 were convicted (found guilty)

• 19 hanged

Why did the witch trials occur?

• Discuss the following:

• How important was religion in

Massachusetts?

• What kind of relationship did the Puritans

have with the Native Americans?

• What kind of opportunities were there for

women and girls in Puritan society?

Salem Witch Trials

• Answer to discussions:

• extreme religious faith

• stress from a growing population and bad

relations with Native Americans

• narrow opportunities for women and girls

in Puritan society

10. New England Colonies:

• 1620 - Massachusetts

8. New England Colonies:

• 1623 – New Hampshire

• 1634 – Connecticut

• 1636 – Rhode Island

Assessment

• Answer in two words: Why were the New

England Colonies founded?

• Answer: Religious reasons

Conflict with Native Americans

• Turn to page 53 in the

textbook

Puritan View of Native Americans

• Lazy savages who

should conquer

nature

Praying Towns

• Goal: make Native Americans look and act like Colonial Christians

• Result: Native Americans realized they would have to fight to keep their land

King Philip’s War

• Native Americans rebelled in 1675

• Lost most of their land in New England

• Last big rebellion by the Native Americans

for many years

European Nations in North America

Reasons for Colonization

Britain

• Economic

opportunities

• Religious

reasons

France

Fur trade

Quebec

St. Lawrence

River

Spain

• Gold, silver

• Religious

reasons