i. jamestown and the southern colonies1. virginia company – the joint stock company that financed...
TRANSCRIPT
I. Jamestown and the
Southern Colonies
A. First Permanent English
Settlement: Jamestown 1607
1. Virginia Company – the joint
stock company that financed the
settlement of Jamestown
• What does it mean to own “stock” in a
company?
• What did the owners of the Virginia
company want to happen in Jamestown?
2. Problems faced by the settlers:
• A. Illness – mosquitoes from a nearby
swamp
• B. starvation – early settlers more
interested in looking for gold than doing
work
• C. Leadership disputes – resolved by John
Smith who said “he who does not work,
does not eat”
• D. Conflict with Indians – Chief Powhatan
hoped to contain rather than fight the
colonists – lost 1609-1613 war
3. Tobacco – becomes the colonies
cash crop, exported to Europe for
profit
4. House of Burgesses
(Representatives) 1619 -
• Virginians met to make their own laws
Can you smellllll it?
• SIGNIFICANCE: it was an
early form of democracy and
self government!
5. Bacon’s Rebellion - 1676
• Nathaniel Bacon leads a group of
poor farmers in an unsuccessful
revolt against the Governor who they
think is ignoring the common people
and favoring the rich and wealthy
Can you smellllll it?
• SIGNIFICANCE: it showed that
the people would not tolerate a
government that favored the rich
and wealthy and ignored the
others
Other Southern Colonies:
• 1632 – founded
as a proprietary
colony, given to
Lord Baltimore
as a haven for
Catholics
Maryland
Other Southern Colonies
• 1655 – North Carolina
• 1670 – South Carolina
Other Southern Colonies:
• 1732 – (What century?) Georgia founded
as a proprietary colony by James Edward
Oglethorpe
Why was Georgia founded?
• 1. to protect South Carolina from
Spanish Florida
• 2. as a haven (safe place) for
English debtors
Assessment
• Answer in two words: Why were the
Southern Colonies founded?
• Economic Opportunity (exception =
Maryland)
II. The New England Colonies
A. Puritans
• 1. Reasons for emigration from Europe:
(turn to page 50 in book)
2. 1620 – Pilgrims (a type of
Puritan) settle at Plymouth
• SKIT ROW 1!
Signed the Mayflower Compact-
• They agreed to form a government and
obey the laws!
Can you smellllll it?
• SIGNIFICANCE: an example of self
government and democracy in the
colonies
• Review: What is this similar to from the
Southern Colony of Jamestown?
• Answer: House of Burgesses
3. More puritans led by John
Winthrop establish the
Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1630
• a. They elect their own governor and
assembly (How do you like that King
George?)
• b. this colony grows to include Plymouth
and the area of Maine
Skit Row 2!
• 4. Puritans did not practice religious
tolerance
• a. Baptists, Catholics and Quakers would
have to settle elsewhere
Skit Row 3!
• 5. Roger Williams was a puritan who
believed the settlers should buy land from
the Native Americans rather than take it
• a. he was banished for this view
• b. he left and founded Rhode Island in
1636 on the principles of:
• separation of church and state
• religious freedom
• Do I need to bring out the nose?
Skit Row 4!
• 6. Anne Hutchinson was banished
because she wanted to lead church
services
7. The Half-Way Covenant
• 1660’s Puritan church membership
declining
• The solution: a half-way covenant to allow
partial church membership for the children
and grandchildren of the original Puritans
• Puritan practices were weakening in New
England
8. Loss of Massachusetts Charter
• Mid 1680’s: a new King in England wants
more control over the colonies so HE
appoints the governor of Massachusetts
• Result: Colonists upset
• Colonists insisted on right not to pay taxes
unless approved by an elected
government (sniff! sniff!)
• 1691 – becomes a royal colony (vocab)
9. Salem Witch Trials – 1690’s
• 150 Massachusetts colonists accused of
witchcraft
• 29 were convicted (found guilty)
• 19 hanged
Why did the witch trials occur?
• Discuss the following:
• How important was religion in
Massachusetts?
• What kind of relationship did the Puritans
have with the Native Americans?
• What kind of opportunities were there for
women and girls in Puritan society?
Salem Witch Trials
• Answer to discussions:
• extreme religious faith
• stress from a growing population and bad
relations with Native Americans
• narrow opportunities for women and girls
in Puritan society
10. New England Colonies:
• 1620 - Massachusetts
8. New England Colonies:
• 1623 – New Hampshire
• 1634 – Connecticut
• 1636 – Rhode Island
Assessment
• Answer in two words: Why were the New
England Colonies founded?
• Answer: Religious reasons
Conflict with Native Americans
• Turn to page 53 in the
textbook
Puritan View of Native Americans
• Lazy savages who
should conquer
nature
Praying Towns
• Goal: make Native Americans look and act like Colonial Christians
• Result: Native Americans realized they would have to fight to keep their land
King Philip’s War
• Native Americans rebelled in 1675
• Lost most of their land in New England
• Last big rebellion by the Native Americans
for many years
European Nations in North America
Reasons for Colonization
Britain
• Economic
opportunities
• Religious
reasons
France
Fur trade
Quebec
St. Lawrence
River
Spain
• Gold, silver
• Religious
reasons