hydraulic fundamental 1

1

Prepared by

A.Prasadroshan , Tamilnaduprasadroshan1982@gmail.com

2

3

hydrostatic systems (in common language it is also called simply hydraulics)

4

5

6

7

8

9

. The liquid rises to the same level in all of the tubes, regardless of the shape or angle of the tube.

10

11

Closed cylinder containing air (gas)

Closed cylinder containing

hydraulic fluid (liquid)12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

It refers to power produced by moving liquids.

It is defined as the use of confined liquid to transmit power, multiply force, produce motion (Reciprocating , rotary )

What is hydraulics ?

20

21

HYDRAULIC SYSTEM

22

23

24

INTERNAL COMBUSTIONENGINE

ELECTRIC MOTOR25

Requirement for powerRequirement for power

26

USE OF POWER

?SOURCE OF

POWERELECTRICAL

Connecting the sources of power

27

Direct Drive

28

POWERELECTRICAL

29

STOPSTARTSPEED

DIRECTIONPOSITIONACCELERATION

CONTROL

Hydraulic Power Transmission is compact , safe, controllable, reversible

30

31

32

33

By application :

Stationary Hydraulic. Mobile Hydraulics.

By Circuit:Open systemClosed system

34

35Stationary Hydraulic

Mobile Hydraulics

36

37

Hydraulic fluid, also called hydraulic liquid, are the medium by which power is transferred in hydraulic machinery

Hydraulic fluid( Oil)

38

39

Types of hydraulic fluids

40

41

Hydraulic fluids - requirements

Functionalo Good lubrication characteristicso Viscosity should not depend strongly on

temperature and pressureo Good heat conductivityo Low heat expansion coefficiento Large elasticity modulus

Economico Low priceo Slow aging and thermal and chemical

stability long life cycle42

43

44

45

46

47

•When a force is applied to a confined fluid, the increase in pressure is transmitted equally to all parts of the fluid.

48

49

Pascal’s Law

Pressure applied to a confined fluid is:transmitted

undiminished in all directions,

acts with equal force on equal areas, and

acts at a right angle to the walls of the container.

10 psi

10-lb

1 in2

Area = 10 in2

Force = 100-lbs.

50

51

APPLICATION

52

53

PUMP ACTUATOR 54

55

56

57

58

59

60

61

62

63

700 ton Cutting press

Piston area = 2829 cm3Pressure = 250Kg/cm2

Force applied on ram = F= P*A F= 250*2829 F= 700000 (700 ton)

64

65

66

PUMP ACTUATOR

10 cm2

10 cm2

1000 kg 1000 kg

100 kg/cm2

P = FA

P = FA

=1000 10

= 100 kg/cm2P = FA

= P =FA

FA

67

A

F = P x A = 10 x 10 = 100 kg

PUMP ACTUATOR

1000 kg

100 cm2

10 cm2

10 kg/cm2

100 kg

Force Multiplication

P = FA = 1000

100 = 10 kg/cm2

68

W

10 A

10 F

A

F

10

1

A x 10 = VOLUME = 10 A x 1PUMP ACTUATOR

69

70

71

72

73