how do non-clustered indexes improve performance?

How Do Non-Clustered Indexes Improve Performance?

Jason Strate

e: jstrate@pragmaticworks.com

e: jasonstrate@gmail.com

b: www.jasonstrate.com

t: StrateSQL

Resources jasonstrate.com/go/indexing

Introduction

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generation

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Indexes

The “One” Path

Other Paths…

Agenda

Introduction Just The Cluster

Value of Non-Clustered

Non-Clustered Index Patterns

Summary

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CLUSTERED INDEX OR HEAP

IntroductionJust The Cluster

Value of Non-

Clustered

Non-Clustered

Index Patterns

Summary

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JUST THE CLUSTER

IntroductionJust The Cluster

Value of Non-

Clustered

Non-Clustered

Index Patterns

Summary

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Clustered

• Default data storage

• Sorted data storage– One or more columns

– Data and index stored together

• Fragmentation

• Operations– Clustered index scan

– Clustered index seek

– Key Lookup

The Clustered Index Problem

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The Clustered Index Problem

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What About Non-Key Columns?

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What About Non-Key Columns?

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What About Non-Key Columns?

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CLUSTERED INDEX PROBLEMDemo

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Left searching for answers…

Got Problems?

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• Locks

– Lock Escalation

– Blocking

– Deadlocking

• Resource

– CPU

– Memory

– Storage

VALUE OF NON-CLUSTERED

IntroductionJust The Cluster

Value of Non-

Clustered

Non-Clustered

Index Patterns

Summary

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• Sorted key values–One or more columns

–Key values only

–Pointers to Heap/ClusteredIndex rows

• Secondary data access– Bridge to the data

• Operations– Index scan– Index seek

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Additional Index Magic

• Included Columns

– Add data pages to index

– Bring in the data pages!

• Filtered Indexes

– Reduce the index pages

• Data Compression

– Row/Page

– Reduce the index pages

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The Non-Clustered

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What About Non-Key Columns?

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SELECT ProductID, OrderQty

FROM Sales.SalesOrderheader

WHERE ProductID = 776

What About Non-Key Columns?

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SELECT ProductID, OrderQty

FROM Sales.SalesOrderheader

WHERE ProductID = 716

What About Non-Key Columns?

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SELECT ProductID, OrderQty

FROM Sales.SalesOrderheader

WHERE ProductID = 762

NON-CLUSTERED INDEX PATTERNS

IntroductionJust The Cluster

Value of Non-

Clustered

Non-Clustered

Index Patterns

Summary

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Non-Clustered Index Patterns

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Cover Up

Look Up

Team Up

Non-Clustered Index Patterns

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Cover Up

Look Up

Team Up

Non-Clustered Indexes - Cover Up

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CREATE INDEX IX_Sample ON

Sales.SalesOrderheader (ProductID)

Non-Clustered Indexes - Cover Up

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SELECT ProductID

FROM Sales.SalesOrderheader

WHERE ProductID = 776

Non-Clustered Indexes - Cover Up

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SELECT ProductID

FROM Sales.SalesOrderheader

Non-Clustered Indexes - Cover Up

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CREATE INDEX IX_Sample ON

Sales.SalesOrderheader (ProductID

,OrderQty)

Non-Clustered Indexes - Cover Up

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SELECT ProductID, OrderQty

FROM Sales.SalesOrderheader

WHERE ProductID = 716

Non-Clustered Indexes - Cover Up

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SELECT ProductID, OrderQty

FROM Sales.SalesOrderheader

Non-Clustered Index Patterns

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Cover Up

Look Up

Team Up

Non-Clustered Indexes – Look Up

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CREATE INDEX IX_Sample ON

Sales.SalesOrderheader (ProductID)

Non-Clustered Indexes – Look Up

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SELECT ProductID, CarrierTrackingNumber

FROM Sales.SalesOrderheader

WHERE ProductID = 776

Non-Clustered Indexes – Look Up

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SELECT ProductID, CarrierTrackingNumber

FROM Sales.SalesOrderheader

WHERE ProductID = 776

Non-Clustered Index Patterns

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Cover Up

Look Up

Team Up

Non-Clustered Indexes – Team Up

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CREATE INDEX IX_Sample ON

Sales.SalesOrderheader (ProductID)

Non-Clustered Indexes – Team Up

MAKING BUSINESS INTELLIGENT www.pragmaticworks.com

CREATE INDEX IX_Sample ON

Sales.SalesOrderheader

(CarrierTrackingNumber)

Non-Clustered Indexes – Team Up

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SELECT ProductID, CarrierTrackingNumber

FROM Sales.SalesOrderheader

WHERE ProductID = 776

AND CarrierTrackingNumber = ‘4911-403C-98’

Non-Clustered Indexes – Team Up

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SELECT ProductID, CarrierTrackingNumber

FROM Sales.SalesOrderheader

WHERE ProductID = 776

AND CarrierTrackingNumber = ‘4911-403C-98’

NON-CLUSTERED INDEX PATTERNDemo

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SUMMARY

IntroductionJust The Cluster

Value of Non-

Clustered

Non-Clustered

Index Patterns

Summary

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Summary

1. Clustered indexes are not enough

2. Non-clustered indexes provide additional paths

3. Learn how to leverage all of the properties

4. Performance and stability enhanced through non-clustered indexes

5. Don’t go overboard… too much of a good thing

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Learn More About Indexes

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For more information…

Name: Jason Strate

Email: jstrate@pragmaticworks.com

Blog: www.jasonstrate.com

Resource: jasonstrate.com/go/indexing