honors marine biology november 15, 2012 module 6 vertebrates

Honors Marine BiologyNovember 15, 2012

Module 6

Vertebrates

Class Challenge

Quiz How well do you know your Shark Trivia ?

Sarasota Herald Tribune

Millions of tiny scallops, and hope for the bay’s future … seeding the waters: It’s a collective effort to try to boost bivalves’ numbers.

Hurricane Sandy Before and After

• http://www.abc.net.au/news/specials/hurricane-sandy-before-after-photos/

Figure 6.8 on Page 139

Various Body Shapes of Fishes

Ray-like Tapered

Flat Elongated

Box-shaped Eel-like

Disc-shaped

Coloration in Fish

Chromatophores – Surface pigment cells that expand and contract to produce various colors.

1. Camouflage

2. Disguise

3. Advertisement

Countershading – Silver or White ventral sides and dark gray or blue-gray dorsal sides.

Why ????

Locomotion

• Myomere- Bands of muscle along the sides of fish used for locomotion.

• Lateral line- A visible line running along the length of a fish body. It detects vibrations that allow fish to swim together in a school.

Reproduction

Migration is the regular movement of an organism from one location to another.

Examples??

A few fish have a migratory pattern opposite that of the salmon. They will spend a majority of their lives in rivers, migrating to the ocean to reproduce this is known as a catadromous behavior. (They migrate from fresh water to the ocean to reproduce.)

Hermaphroditism

A situation in which an animal has the reproductive organs of both sexes.

See page 152.

Reproduction

1. Internal Fertilization: is a result of direct transfer of sperm from the male to the female. This occurs among sharks and other cartilaginous fish. The male has claspers located next to the anal fins used for directly depositing sperm into the female.

2. External fertilization. Most marine fish reproduce in this way. Fish spawn or release their gametes into the water, after a period of swimming in courtship patterns.

3. Thousands of eggs are released in some cases millions. When the eggs meet the sperm in the water, fertilization takes place and the embryo begins to develop in the fertilized egg.

4. By producing many fertilized eggs, the chances of at lease some of the eggs hatching and then some of the resulting larvae surviving into adulthood are greatly increased.

Oviparous – A type of development in which eggs are hatched outside a female’s body.

Viviparous – A type of development in which the young obtain their nutrients directly from the mother and are birthed live.

On Your Own Questions

6.14 A person puts five male fish into his aquarium and is surprised to find eggs developing a few weeks later. What happened?

6.15 A fish specimen is found to have 10 unfertilized eggs in her reproductive tract. What type of development does this species probably have?

• Alaska Purse Seine Fishing • http://youtu.be/dqFcl2wopwo

• Switching Gears: Surface Longlining in the Gulf of Mexico | Pew

• http://youtu.be/xITgmkH6Pik

• Aquaculture system promises eco-friendly fish farming future

• http://youtu.be/tUrGKVJcd9M

• Mote Aquaculture Farm • http://youtu.be/_XwLGE0Q5_o

Dissection of Mullet

Homework

• Complete Module 6 Test

• Begin reading Module 7 pages 159 – 168

• OYO Questions 7.1 -7.4

• Study Guide: Define a – c ; 2 – 12

• Complete Lab

• Class Challenge – Draw a picture