guidelines oral presentation 2

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Guidelines

for

Oral Presentations

Chanif, S. Kep. Ns. MNS. RN

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“There are no secrets tosuccess. It is the result of

preparation, hard work, andlearning from failure”

Gen. Colin L. Powell

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Objectives

To help with the preparationprocess of oral presentations

and activities

To improve oral presentationskills

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How to Focus Your Message

Determine if you want to:

Motivate

Educate

Persuade

Inform

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Components of a Presentation

All presentations must have:

An introduction

A body

A conclusion

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Organize Your Message Effectively

Determine your topic, and whatyou will cover 

Brainstorm and organize all your

ideas

Research - Make sure you are well-informed on your topic

Classify and order your ideas

Emphasize the important elements

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Write an Effective Conclusion

Summarize the key points of thepresentation

Summarize how to implement solutions

Summarize future predictions based onyour persuasion strategies

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Creating the Presentation

Make it BIG

If it looks too big on the

computer, it’s the perfect size

Keep it SIMPLE

Present the main idea of eachconcept

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Creating the Presentation

Make it CLEAR

Choose an appropriate font, font

size, and color 

Be CONSISTENT

Use a logical sequence and oneformat

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Preparation

Prepare your visuals in advance

Always make back-up copies

Rehearse a lot (avoid the use of papers ornote cards)

Know how to use the technical equipment

Preview the room, and select the layout thatis best for your presentation

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Advantages of Visual Aids

Enhance understanding of the topic

Help your speech be more impressive,

and improve your image

Maintain the audience’s attention and

increase their interest

Help build credibility

Add variety

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Diversity of Audiovisual Aids

Sketches and Maps

Graphs & Charts

Photographs, Pictures &

Slides

Objects, Models or 

“Realia”

Posters & Books

PowerPoint Presentations

Audiovisual Equipment

Overhead Projectors

Slides & Transparencies

Handouts, pamphlets,

brochures

Films, videotapes, audio

tapes, music,

CD-ROMs & iPods

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Preparing Effective PowerPoint Slides

Use visuals sparingly

Rule 7 X 7

Use no more than 7 lines of text per slide

Use no more than 7 words per line of text

Restrict the contents of tables and graphs

Maintain uniformity in font style, font size, andbullets

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Constructing Effective Visual Aids

Never use confusing abbreviations

The use of periods at the end of the bullets is notnecessary

Artistry and sounds do not substitute for content,and they can distract your audience

Select complimentary colors; avoid color clashes

Use fonts like “Sans Serif” or “Times New Roman”

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Constructing Effective Visual Aids

Transparencies Slides Hand-outs

Title 36 pt 48 pt 24 pt

Subtitles 28 pt 36 pt 20 pt

Body 24 pt 28 pt 16-18pt

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Construction of Graphs

Present one graphper slide

Limit the amountof numbers orfigures

No more than 3curves orhorizontal bar linesper graph

40%

13%0%

47%

Excellent Good

Fair Deficient

Reading Comprehension in English

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Examples of Font Sizes

This is font

48This is font 36This is font 28

This is font 24This is font 20This is font 18This is font 16

The font sizeof the word

below iswritten in48.

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Overuse of Visual Aids

Attention of audience will be divided

Audience may pay more attention tovisuals than to speaker 

Avoid slides with too much movementand/or sounds

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How to Conduct Yourself During YourPresentation

Be punctual

Stand up, or sit straight

Keep hands in front of you

Maintain eye contact with the audience

on all sides of the room

Start the presentation with a smile

Use a conversational tone

Dress neatly and professionally

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Top Ten Mistakes Made by Presenters

No preparation

No presentation

objectives

Mediocre first

impression

Lack good visuals

Ineffective closing

Lack of enthusiasm

No eye contact

Lack of facialexpression

Stays in one place

No audience

involvement

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Things to Avoid

Corporal Movement

Swinging and moving excessively

Playing with hair 

Chewing gum

Clicking the top of a pen

Playing with jewelry

Leaning against something for support

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Things to Avoid

Speaking

Too fast

Too slow

Too low

Arrogance

Fillers (repetitive

sounds andphrases)

“ah”

“um”“and”

Voice

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Steps to Reduce Your Speaking Anxiety

Know the roomArrive early

Walk around the room

Know the audience

Know, practice, andrevise your material

Learn how to relax

Visualize yourselfspeaking

Realize people wantyou to succeed

Don’t apologize forbeing nervous

Concentrate on yourmessage

Turn nervousness intopositive energy

Gain experience

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How to Control Your Nervousness

Transform fear and nervousness to presentationpresence and strength

Breathe deeply and exhale slowly (repeat)

Stretch your muscles (neck, legs, and arms)

Repeat breathing exercise, close your eyes, relax,

feel prepared and ready

Walk the room: feel the space of your success

Greet your audience (Impact them)

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Question and Answer Session

Know the background of your topic

Find out if there are any current / recent studies

Know if there is any influence or impact on

society / environment / organization

Know the sources on which your research is

based

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References

4 Important Design Concepts – http://www.kumc.edu/SAH/OTEd/jradel/Effective_ visuals/102.html

Preparing EFL Learners for OralPresentations

Presenters Onlinehttp://www.presentersonline.com

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References

Overcoming Speaking Anxiety in Meetingsand Presentationshttp://www.all-biz.com/newroot/Authors.asp?

“Técnicas de Presentación Publicitaria”Prof. Modesto Aguayo, Universidad de Sagrado Corazón

Using Visual Aidshttp://www.askjeeves.com/main/followup.asp?qcat=home&ask=how+can+i+make+a+good+oral+presentation

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GOOD LUCK!!!

Prepared by Professors Delia Serrano and Jennifer Soler 2002

Revised by Professor Delia Serrano 2003

Revised by Patricia Kidd 2004

Revised by Prof. Delia Serrano 2005