greek art history, part 2, stokstad, 3rd ed

GREEK Art

T, R, 12-1:20PMProfessor Paige Prater

Place

900-600BCE The Geometric and The

Orientalizing 600-480BCE Archaic 480-323BCE Classical

450-400BCE High Classical 400-323BCE Late Classical

323-31/30BCE Hellenistic

Time Periods

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=88gXWW3qN7o Classical Period (160 YEARS):

480BCE – Defeat of the Persians by the Athenians (Marathon) 323BCE – Death of Alexander the Great

HUMANISM, RATIONALISM, IDEALISM “MAN IS THE MEASURE OF ALL THINGS” “KNOW THYSELF” “NOTHING IN EXCESS”

Reason vs. Emotion! Polykleitos, The Canon (450 BCE)

Early Classical 480-450BCE

Review of Architectural Terms

Domination of Sparta

(Peloponnesus/mainland Greece) and Athens (Aegean/maritime empire) 462-429BCE – Pericles: haughty/patron of the

arts in Athens Rebuild the Acropolis : 22,000 TONS of marble

from 10mi away, (completed end of 5th century, BCE)

High Classical

http://dma.ticketleap.com/late-nights--the-bod

y-beautiful-in-ancient-greece/

Late Night at DMA TOMORROW! $5 for special exhibit: Body Beautiful

6PM-11:59PM

Is it ever justifiable to take artwork out of it’s

original context? If so, under what circumstances? Why or why not? (Give three reasons.)

Class debate on the Elgin Marbles http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uKZ_ilKcsE

M

The Elgin Marbles: “Elginism”

Leo Caillard “Hipster in Stone”

series (Photoshop)

http://www.leocaillard.com/

Spartans defeat Athens in 404 BCE/ rebellion in

a year 387 BCE – Plato founds a school outside Athens 338 BCE – Phillip II of Macedonia defeated

Athens; two years later, his 20 year old son assumed the throne after his father’s assassination: Alexander the Great (studied under Aristotle.)

Tholos (circular) and monumental tombs Orthogonal/grid plans for cities (i.e. in Miletos)

Late Classical

Hermes & the Infant Dionysos by

Praxiteles (copy of 4th century original)

Smaller head Sensual body S curve Contrasting textures Relationship between

gods (Hermes/Dionysos)

Sense of emotion

Praxiteles First nude woman

sculpture Preparing for bath Gesture of modesty Hint of athletic strength Bend of knee inward At least 50 copies exist

today Read description in book*

Aphrodite of Knidos (c. 350 BCE)

The Scraper, Lysippos (350-325BCE)

Lysippos: self-taught/”nature”

Nude athlete after his workout

Young man removing dirt/oil from

body with scraping tool (strigil)

Legs in wider stance Dreamy look, tousled hair Weight evenly distributed Breaks out into negative

space Longer body

Alexander the Great Confronts Darius III at the Battle of Issos, 310BCE, floor mosaic, Pompeii

323 BCE – Alexander the Great dies; NO

replacement 3 Generals, new kingdoms: Antigonus

(Macedonia/Mainland Greece), Ptolemy(Egypt), and Seleucas (Asia Minor)—eventually subsumed into ROMAN Empire…

Alexandria, Egypt – Hellenistic cultural center Lighthouse (7 Wonders of the Ancient World) Library (700,000 papyrus and parchment scrolls!)

30BCE – Death of Cleopatra = end of Hellenistic period

Hellenistic (323-30BCE)

520-510BCE Doric (foundation); 175BCE

begun; 132CE finished CORINTHIAN CAPITALS!

Temple of Zeus, Athens

Theater at Epidauros

• Semicircle• Elevated Hill• Festival, Dionysos• Tragedies• Orchestra• Altar to Dionysos• 12,000 spectators;

55 rows of seats• Two tiered structure: Skene, Prosceniumhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lQOPFxuiaWQ

Dying Gallic Trumpeter (220BCE)

Dying Warrior (500-490 BCE) Sculpture from left corner of east

pediment of Temple of Aphaia, Aegina.

Pergamon Altar (175-

150BCE)Ionic colonnadeMonumental staircase 68 x 307 ft high sculptural friezeGods & Giants battleForms extend onto steps into viewer’s space

Discovered in 1863 by French

explorer

Nike (Victory) of Samothrace (c. 180?BCE)

Pergamon in Seleucid kingdom

Roman copy? 8’ Priest Laocoon

warns Trojans Greek gods send

sea serpents

Laocoon and His Sons (1st century CE)

I was excited! (June 2013)

Old Woman (1st Century CE)

Ordinary individual

Woman on way to agora

Theory: follower of Dionysos

Emphasis on rendering of textures

Aphrodite of Melos(a.k.aVenus de Milo) (150-100BCE)

vs

She-Wolf,

500BCE (Etruscan);

15-16th century, twins added

33 ½”

Etruscan Art

6-7th centuriesBCE North & central Italy Fertile soil Abundance of ore Loose federation of a dozen cities Post & lintel Grid city (on compass)/business district House with atrium

Etruscans

Porta Augusta (2-3rd Century BCE)

Perugia, Italy

Model of Etruscan Temple (Vitruvius described)

Used more by Etruscans and Romans

Arch, Vault, & Dome

Apollo, Temple of Minerva (510-

500BCE)

Sarcophagus from Cerveteri (520BCE)

Burial Chamber, Tomb of the Reliefs (3rd

C BCE)