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Grain:
World Markets and Trade
Approved by the World Agricultural Outlook Board - USDA
United States
Department of
Agriculture
Foreign
Agricultural
Service
October 2016
Global Rice Stocks Expand as Production Exceeds Consumption
For email subscription, click here to register: https://public.govdelivery.com/accounts/USDAFAS/subscriber/new
Global rice stocks are forecast to expand on record production, with 2016/17 ending stocks now forecast at the
highest level in over a dozen years. Production is set to hit a record 483 million tons, up over 11 million tons
from the prior year. Top producers China and India are up 1 and 2 percent, respectively. In addition,
production for second-largest exporter Thailand is forecast up 18 percent, while the U.S. crop is up 23 percent.
Amid the contraction in rice production for 2015/16, some food and feed consumption shifted to wheat, given
its greater abundance and lower prices. Rice consumption dropped significantly, particularly in India and
Thailand. Although global consumption is forecast up, record production will lead to a build-up of stocks in
the current year.
The location of the stocks is significant, as they are not set to expand in all countries. Thai stocks are forecast
at their lowest level in 6 years, as the Thai Government remains committed to offloading the burdensome
stocks accumulated under the previous regime. Likewise, Indian stocks are forecast to decline modestly in the
coming year, as consumption is expected to rebound and exports will remain robust. In contrast, with a large
crop, U.S. stocks are forecast at the highest level since the mid-1980s. Overshadowing all of this is the
situation in China, the world’s largest producer, consumer, and importer. With consumption relatively flat and
policies that favor expanded production, China is forecast to hold nearly 60 percent of global stocks by the end
of 2016/17.
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Global Ending Stocks
Other
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Milled Production Consumption
2
TABLE OF CONTENTS
World Markets and Trade: Commentary and Current Data Wheat ................................................................................................................. 4
Rice .................................................................................................................... 9
Coarse Grains ................................................................................................... 14
Historical Data Series for Selected Regions and Countries ............................ 35
Endnotes to Grain: World Markets and Trade ............................................... 54
The Foreign Agricultural Service (FAS) updates its production, supply and distribution (PSD)
database for cotton, oilseeds, and grains at 12:00 p.m. on the day the World Agricultural Supply
and Demand Estimates (WASDE) report is released. This circular is released by 12:15 p.m.
To download the tables in the publication, go to Production, Supply and Distribution Database
(PSD Online): (http://apps.fas.usda.gov/psdonline/psdHome.aspx), scroll down to Reports, and
Click the plus sign [+] next to Grains.
FAS Reports and Databases:
Current World Markets and Trade and World Agricultural Production Reports:
http://apps.fas.usda.gov/psdonline/psdDataPublications.aspx
Archives World Markets and Trade and World Agricultural Production Reports:
http://usda.mannlib.cornell.edu/MannUsda/viewTaxonomy.do?taxonomyID=7
Production, Supply and Distribution Database (PSD Online):
http://apps.fas.usda.gov/psdonline/psdHome.aspx
Global Agricultural Trade System (U.S. Exports and Imports):
http://apps.fas.usda.gov/gats/default.aspx
Export Sales Report:
http://apps.fas.usda.gov/esrquery/
Global Agricultural Information Network (Agricultural Attaché Reports):
http://gain.fas.usda.gov/Pages/Default.aspx
Other USDA Reports:
World Agricultural Supply and Demand Estimates (WASDE):
http://www.usda.gov/oce/commodity/wasde/
Economic Research Service:
http://www.ers.usda.gov/topics/crops
National Agricultural Statistics Service:
http://www.nass.usda.gov/Publications/
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA October 2016Office of Global Analysis
All Grain Summary Comparison
Million Metric Tons
Marketing Year
Wheat Rice, Milled Corn
2016/172015/162014/152016/172015/162014/152016/172015/162014/15
Production
United States (Jun-May) 55.1 56.1 62.9 7.1 6.1 7.5 361.1 345.5 382.5
Other 673.2 678.9 681.5 471.6 466.0 475.8 653.3 613.6 643.2
World Total 728.3 735.0 744.4 478.7 472.1 483.3 1,014.4 959.1 1,025.7
Domestic Consumption
United States (Jun-May) 31.3 32.0 35.3 4.3 3.5 4.2 301.8 298.8 312.4
Other 669.5 677.4 695.7 471.4 465.8 471.4 662.1 678.4 696.4
World Total 700.8 709.4 731.0 475.7 469.3 475.6 963.9 977.2 1,008.8
Ending Stocks
United States (Jun-May) 20.5 26.6 31.0 1.6 1.5 1.9 44.0 44.1 58.9
Other 195.6 213.1 217.4 113.0 114.1 118.8 164.9 166.0 157.9
World Total 216.1 239.7 248.4 114.6 115.6 120.7 208.9 210.1 216.8
TY Imports
United States (Jun-May) 4.0 3.1 3.4 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 1.7 1.3
Other 155.0 165.5 167.4 38.8 37.0 38.0 124.6 136.2 134.8
World Total 159.0 168.6 170.8 39.6 37.8 38.8 125.4 137.9 136.1
TY Exports
United States (Jun-May) 23.0 21.9 26.0 3.4 3.5 3.6 46.8 50.5 56.5
Other 138.8 150.3 147.5 39.3 36.9 37.5 81.2 92.5 82.8
World Total 161.8 172.2 173.5 42.7 40.4 41.1 128.0 143.0 139.3
Note: Consumption in this table has not been adjusted for differences in marketing year imports and
exports and therefore differs from global totals shown elsewhere.Marketing years for U.S. grains are:
Wheat (Jun-May), Rice (Aug-Jul), Corn (Sep-Aug).'Marketing Year' column is germane for U.S. wheat
only.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA October 2016Office of Global Analysis
4
WHEAT: WORLD MARKETS AND TRADE
OVERVIEW
Global production in 2016/17 is lowered slightly but remains a record. Larger crops in Australia,
Brazil, and Canada are more than offset by cuts in the EU and the United States. Global trade is
raised to a new record. The upward revision is based primarily on larger projected imports for
Brazil, India, and the United States. Lower import demand in Egypt is partly offsetting. Exports
are raised for Australia, Canada, Ukraine, and the United States. EU exports are cut again this
month due to tighter supplies. The U.S. season-average farm price is up 10 cents to $3.70 per
bushel.
U.S. PRICES:
Domestic: During September, prices for Hard Red Winter (HRW), Hard Red Spring (HRS), and
Soft Red Winter (SRW) classes jumped and continue to be supported by growing uncertainty
over crop quality, particularly in Australia and Canada. Overall, HRS rose $23 to $264/ton,
HRW climbed $15 to $195/ton, and SRW was up $16 to $186/ton. Soft White Winter (SWW)
ended the month down $7 to $198/ton.
160
170
180
190
200
210
220
230
240
250
260
270
$/M
T
U.S. Daily FOB Export Bids
HRW SRW SWW HRS
*Russia, Ukraine and Kazakhstan
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA October 2016Office of Global Analysis
5
TRADE CHANGES IN 2016/17
Selected Exporters
Australia is raised 1.0 million tons to 20.5 million based on a larger crop. Australia has
become more competitive in the region as witnessed by strong sales in recent months.
Canada is up 500,000 tons to 21.5 million on larger supplies and strong early-season
shipments.
EU is slashed 1.0 million tons to 25.0 million on large production cuts in major exporting
countries, particularly France and Germany.
Ukraine is up 500,000 tons to 15.5 million on recent large sales, particularly to India.
United States is boosted 500,000 tons to 26.0 million on a strong early-season pace of
sales and shipments.
Selected Importers
Brazil is raised 500,000 tons to 6.3 million on the strong pace of deliveries to date.
Egypt is cut 400,000 tons to 11.8 million resulting from continuing efforts to reduce
corruption in segments of the wheat industry. Imports had been substituted for domestic
production and this will likely be curtailed to some extent.
India is boosted 1.0 million tons to 3.0 million because the government lowered the
import duty from 25 to 10 percent. Import prices are already much lower than domestic
and the reduced duty should stimulate even more demand.
United States is up 300,000 tons to 3.4 million due to the strong pace to date and larger
expected imports from Canada over the coming months.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA October 2016Office of Global Analysis
World Wheat, Flour, and Products Trade
July/June Year, Thousand Metric Tons
2012/13 2013/14 2014/15 2015/16 2016/17
Sep
2016/17
Oct
none
TY Exports
8,0008,0008,8604,2001,6757,450 Argentina
20,50019,50015,78216,57518,33921,269 Australia
1,5001,5001,0631,688811,753 Brazil
21,50021,00022,14124,87722,15618,584 Canada
25,00026,00034,67735,41832,03222,786 European Union
8,5008,5007,6005,5078,0006,801 Kazakhstan
1,5001,3001,5681,1041,322729 Mexico
30,00030,00025,54322,80018,60911,308 Russia
5,6005,6005,6094,1344,2933,583 Turkey
15,50015,00017,43111,2699,7557,190 Ukraine
9,9479,94710,03311,21414,72618,117 Others
147,547146,347150,307138,786130,988119,570 Subtotal
26,00025,50021,85622,99931,51927,734 United States
173,547171,847172,163161,785162,507147,304 World Total
none
TY Imports
2,7002,7002,7002,0002,0501,600 Afghanistan
8,2008,2008,1537,2577,4846,484 Algeria
4,7004,7004,6933,9153,3542,725 Bangladesh
6,3005,8005,9255,8697,0617,547 Brazil
3,5003,5003,4761,9266,7732,960 China
2,0001,9002,0321,6271,7331,507 Colombia
11,80012,20011,92511,30010,1508,400 Egypt
7,0007,0006,9165,9753,9765,276 European Union
3,0002,0003002732220 India
8,5008,50010,1167,4787,3917,146 Indonesia
2,3002,3002,2202,2533,2463,948 Iraq
5,8005,8005,7155,8786,1236,598 Japan
5,0005,0004,4203,9424,2885,439 Korea, South
4,6004,4004,8054,4764,6393,823 Mexico
5,0005,0004,5034,0863,9283,825 Morocco
4,4004,4004,4104,2444,5804,168 Nigeria
5,0005,0004,8505,0553,4763,620 Philippines
3,5003,5002,9313,4873,4291,921 Saudi Arabia
2,3002,3002,0212,6322,6641,793 Sudan
2,3002,3009658651,603963 Syria
3,6003,6004,8143,4881,6841,840 Thailand
5,0005,0004,3965,9604,1493,312 Turkey
2,7002,7002,6542,2302,2241,863 Uzbekistan
2,7002,7003,0692,2962,1571,671 Vietnam
3,3503,3503,3233,2453,4253,207 Yemen
52,16152,06154,24053,25954,02049,684 Others
167,411165,911165,572155,016155,629141,340 Subtotal
2,7362,8363,5352,8052,1182,513 Unaccounted
3,4003,1003,0563,9644,7603,451 United States
173,547171,847172,163161,785162,507147,304 World Total
TY=Trade Year, see Endnotes.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA October 2016Office of Global Analysis
World Wheat Production, Consumption, and Stocks
Local Marketing Years, Thousand Metric Tons
2012/13 2013/14 2014/15 2015/16 2016/17
Sep
2016/17
Oct
none
Production
14,40014,40011,30013,93010,5009,300 Argentina
28,30027,50024,50023,91025,30322,856 Australia
6,3406,0005,5406,0005,3004,380 Brazil
31,50030,50027,59429,42037,53027,205 Canada
128,000128,000130,190126,208121,930121,023 China
8,1008,1008,1008,3008,2508,500 Egypt
143,224145,270160,012156,922144,583133,949 European Union
90,00090,00086,53095,85093,50694,882 India
15,50015,50015,00013,00014,50013,800 Iran
16,50016,50013,74812,99613,9419,841 Kazakhstan
25,30025,30025,10025,97924,21123,473 Pakistan
72,00072,00061,04459,08052,09137,720 Russia
17,50017,50019,50015,25018,75016,000 Turkey
27,00027,00027,27424,75022,27815,761 Ukraine
7,2007,2007,2007,1506,8006,700 Uzbekistan
50,71750,92256,26754,36157,46951,615 Others
681,581681,692678,899673,106656,942597,005 Subtotal
62,85963,15656,11755,14758,10561,298 United States
744,440744,848735,016728,253715,047658,303 World Total
none
Total Consumption
10,45010,45010,25010,0509,8509,450 Algeria
10,60010,10010,50010,70011,40010,900 Brazil
9,2009,0007,8329,0979,4159,555 Canada
117,000117,000112,000116,500116,500125,000 China
19,70019,80019,20019,10018,50018,700 Egypt
128,700129,300130,984124,677117,300119,250 European Union
96,10095,10088,64193,12293,84883,824 India
9,3009,3009,1007,3657,1656,950 Indonesia
18,50018,50018,00017,50017,00016,000 Iran
10,20010,2009,8009,0009,0008,300 Morocco
24,50024,50024,40024,50024,10023,900 Pakistan
38,50038,50037,00035,50034,10033,550 Russia
17,80017,80018,00017,50017,75017,650 Turkey
12,00012,50012,50012,00011,50011,400 Ukraine
9,7009,7009,3508,9008,4008,000 Uzbekistan
163,414163,360159,799153,968150,244146,722 Others
700,433699,471679,418674,803663,600641,292 Subtotal
35,29937,20432,01931,33434,26137,810 United States
735,732736,675711,437706,137697,861679,102 World Total
none
Ending Stocks
6,7526,9526,2624,8374,5584,663 Australia
5,9525,6525,1677,05410,4055,112 Canada
110,742110,74297,04276,10565,27453,960 China
10,53112,03814,00712,7409,93810,711 European Union
11,00011,00014,50017,20017,83024,200 India
5,9765,9768,1767,9167,3015,116 Iran
9,6019,5705,6016,2855,1774,933 Russia
56,83257,20362,35063,46657,41648,545 Others
217,386219,133213,105195,603177,899157,240 Subtotal
30,98129,93426,55420,47716,06519,538 United States
248,367249,067239,659216,080193,964176,778 World Total
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA October 2016Office of Global Analysis
Regional Wheat Imports, Production, Consumption, and Stocks
Thousand Metric Tons
2012/13 2013/14 2014/15 2015/16
Sep
2016/17
Oct
2016/17
TY Imports none
7,759 North America 9,841 8,930 8,353 7,985 8,485
1,654 Central America 1,833 1,834 1,833 1,950 1,950
14,422 South America 14,866 13,132 13,343 13,325 13,925
5,276 European Union - 28 3,976 5,975 6,916 7,000 7,000
1,632 Other Europe 1,858 1,760 1,828 1,795 1,795
7,246 Former Soviet Union - 12 7,506 7,681 7,371 7,545 7,545
24,250 Middle East 28,434 26,921 24,376 25,275 25,275
22,047 North Africa 25,246 25,430 27,852 28,450 28,100
18,585 Sub-Saharan Africa 20,502 21,288 23,160 22,600 22,650
17,354 East Asia 19,465 14,115 16,224 16,810 16,810
5,308 South Asia 6,721 8,149 8,785 10,606 11,606
16,294 Southeast Asia 17,101 20,541 25,429 22,350 22,350
2,964 Others 3,040 3,224 3,158 3,320 3,320
144,791 Total 160,389 158,980 168,628 169,011 170,811
Production none
91,734 North America 99,012 88,254 87,462 97,556 98,259
18,011 South America 19,762 24,152 21,259 24,173 24,513
133,949 European Union - 28 144,583 156,922 160,012 145,270 143,224
3,431 Other Europe 4,103 3,929 4,067 4,606 4,606
77,802 Former Soviet Union - 12 103,885 112,735 117,718 131,430 131,430
36,884 Middle East 41,708 35,414 41,795 39,310 39,310
17,328 North Africa 19,656 17,010 19,910 14,200 14,131
6,736 Sub-Saharan Africa 7,235 7,523 6,313 7,177 7,041
122,490 East Asia 123,248 127,650 131,524 129,360 129,360
126,412 South Asia 125,917 130,154 119,840 123,645 123,645
23,345 Oceania 25,751 24,324 24,925 27,930 28,730
181 Others 187 186 191 191 191
658,303 Total 715,047 728,253 735,016 744,848 744,440
Domestic Consumption none
53,990 North America 50,326 47,281 46,851 53,324 51,619
26,212 South America 27,126 26,780 26,860 26,620 27,120
119,250 European Union - 28 117,300 124,677 130,984 129,300 128,700
4,721 Other Europe 4,807 4,850 4,905 5,120 5,120
71,725 Former Soviet Union - 12 72,750 75,860 77,905 80,115 79,615
56,636 Middle East 58,717 58,412 60,090 60,970 60,970
41,290 North Africa 42,425 42,651 43,621 44,850 44,800
24,067 Sub-Saharan Africa 26,306 27,062 28,539 28,715 28,719
140,071 East Asia 130,201 129,513 125,230 131,200 131,200
121,007 South Asia 132,041 132,322 129,049 136,621 137,621
16,515 Southeast Asia 16,560 19,265 23,155 22,840 22,840
8,111 Oceania 8,280 8,569 8,612 8,865 8,865
3,366 Others 3,494 3,571 3,574 3,774 3,774
686,961 Total 690,333 700,813 709,375 732,314 730,963
Ending Stocks none
24,925 North America 26,789 28,059 32,237 36,150 37,329
3,538 South America 6,834 8,268 5,023 4,798 5,230
10,711 European Union - 28 9,938 12,740 14,007 12,038 10,531
1,057 Other Europe 935 1,101 1,136 1,042 1,042
14,238 Former Soviet Union - 12 15,624 19,973 15,673 20,365 20,393
14,069 Middle East 18,620 18,213 18,460 15,423 15,430
11,499 North Africa 13,506 12,688 16,037 13,194 12,628
2,495 Sub-Saharan Africa 3,049 3,222 3,284 3,084 3,026
57,214 East Asia 68,314 79,228 100,461 114,091 114,091
27,995 South Asia 21,661 23,185 21,170 17,350 17,350
3,718 Southeast Asia 3,466 3,892 5,293 3,917 3,918
4,978 Oceania 4,861 5,123 6,519 7,219 7,019
341 Others 367 388 359 396 380
176,778 Total 193,964 216,080 239,659 249,067 248,367
NOTES: Regional definitions appear on last page of this circular. Imports are reported on a trade year basis. All other data are
reported using local marketing years.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA October 2016Office of Global Analysis
9
RICE: WORLD MARKETS AND TRADE
OVERVIEW
For 2016/17, global production is raised this month to a new record, mostly on a larger crop in
Thailand. Imports are up slightly, and larger exports for India and Thailand more than offset
reductions for Vietnam, Brazil, and the United States. Consumption is lower, but still higher
than the prior year. Stocks are raised on adjustments to Thailand, China, Vietnam, and Egypt.
PRICES
Despite initial concerns about impacts from lower production in 2015/16, prices have recently
been pressured lower on upcoming harvests and weak demand from traditionally large importers.
Over the past month, Thai prices have declined $13 to $378/ton as supplies of new-crop have
gradually started to enter the market. Indian quotes slid $5 to $350/ton on anticipation of a large
new crop. Pakistani quotes are down $15 to $325/ton on pressure of a new harvest. Vietnamese
quotes are down $10 to $337/ton on lighter trade to date.
300
320
340
360
380
400
420
440
$/MT Asian Prices Decline Amid Weak Demand
THAI 100B VIET 5% INDI 5% PAK 5%
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA October 2016Office of Global Analysis
10
SELECTED TRADE CHANGES for 2017
Brazil exports are lowered 150,000 tons to 650,000 on reduced supplies.
Benin imports are raised 125,000 tons to 425,000 on continued growth in consumption.
Egypt exports are up 100,000 tons to 300,000 on larger supplies. Imports soar 265,000
tons to 300,000 to reflect anticipated purchases from India to supplement government
reserves.
India exports are boosted 500,000 tons to 10.0 million on ample supplies and likely
additional shipments to Egypt.
Philippines imports are lowered 100,000 tons to 1.4 million on more modest import
demand.
Thailand exports are raised 500,000 tons to 9.5 million on increased competitiveness
with improved crop prospects and adequate supplies.
United States exports are down 100,000 tons to 3.6 million on tepid demand from
Middle Eastern markets and increased competition from other medium-grain suppliers.
Vietnam exports are cut 600,000 tons to 5.8 million on reduced competitiveness relative
to other major exporters.
SELECTED TRADE CHANGES for 2016 – based on trade data
Cambodia exports are raised 100,000 tons to 1.0 million.
China imports are cut 200,000 tons to 4.8 million.
Indonesia imports are lowered by 300,000 tons to 1.2 million.
India exports are up 500,000 tons to 10.5 million.
Iraq imports are down 100,000 tons to 950,000.
Nepal imports are trimmed 50,000 tons to 450,000.
Nigeria imports are lowered 100,000 tons to 2.0 million.
Pakistan exports are cut 300,000 tons to 4.2 million.
Philippines imports are down 400,000 tons to 1.1 million.
Thailand exports are lowered 500,000 tons to 9.2 million.
Vietnam exports are slashed 600,000 tons to 5.4 million.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA October 2016Office of Global Analysis
World Rice Trade
January/December Year, Thousand Metric Tons
2012/13 2013/14 2014/15 2015/16 2016/17
Sep
2016/17
Oct
none
TY Exports
550550560310494526 Argentina
250250150323404460 Australia
650800700895852830 Brazil
1,7001,7001,4001,7351,6881,163 Burma
1,0501,0501,0001,1501,0001,075 Cambodia
300300275262393447 China
300200200250600700 Egypt
280280270251284203 European Union
540540540520446346 Guyana
10,0009,50010,50011,04611,58810,480 India
4,2004,2504,2004,0003,7004,126 Pakistan
470470480371380365 Paraguay
9,5009,0009,2009,77910,9696,722 Thailand
840840900718957939 Uruguay
5,8006,4005,4006,6066,3256,700 Vietnam
1,1001,1001,1431,0901,0811,116 Others
37,53037,23036,91839,30641,16136,198 Subtotal
3,5503,6503,4503,3552,9473,295 United States
41,08040,88040,36842,66144,10839,493 World Total
none
TY Imports
475475450450500430 Angola
425350400350350350 Benin
650600750363586712 Brazil
530530530525610550 Cameroon
5,0005,0004,8005,1504,4503,500 China
1,2001,2001,2501,150950830 Cote d'Ivoire
510510530575377413 Cuba
1,7501,7501,7501,7861,5561,375 European Union
650650650500590725 Ghana
490490470447387416 Haiti
1,2501,2501,2001,3501,225650 Indonesia
1,0501,0501,1001,3001,4002,220 Iran
1,0501,1009501,0091,0801,294 Iraq
700700700688669690 Japan
470470460450440410 Kenya
1,0501,0501,0201,051989885 Malaysia
750750700719684746 Mexico
600560575575590500 Mozambique
550550450529510340 Nepal
1,9001,9002,0002,1003,2002,400 Nigeria
1,4001,5001,1002,0001,8001,000 Philippines
1,5501,5501,5501,6001,4591,326 Saudi Arabia
990990985990960902 Senegal
9259251,000912910990 South Africa
610610600580560540 United Arab Emirates
11,46411,28411,08911,69013,53511,573 Others
37,98937,79437,05938,83940,36735,767 Subtotal
2,3162,3112,5443,0642,9863,051 Unaccounted
775775765758755675 United States
41,08040,88040,36842,66144,10839,493 World Total
TY=Trade Year, see Endnotes. Note about dates: 2015/16 is calendar year 2016, 2014/15 is calendar year 2015, and so on.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA October 2016Office of Global Analysis
World Rice Production, Consumption, and Stocks
Local Marketing Years, Thousand Metric Tons
2012/13 2013/14 2014/15 2015/16 2016/17
Sep
2016/17
Oct
none
Milled Production
34,51534,51534,50034,50034,39033,820 Bangladesh
8,0258,5007,2108,4658,3008,037 Brazil
12,50012,50012,20012,60011,95711,715 Burma
4,7004,7004,7054,7004,7254,670 Cambodia
146,500146,500145,770144,560142,530143,000 China
4,5544,0004,0004,5304,7504,675 Egypt
106,500106,500104,320105,482106,646105,241 India
36,60036,60036,20035,56036,30036,550 Indonesia
7,6807,6807,6537,8497,9317,907 Japan
4,0004,0004,3274,2414,2304,006 Korea, South
3,1003,1003,1003,1003,3613,003 Nepal
6,9006,9006,7006,9006,7985,536 Pakistan
12,00012,00011,35011,91511,85811,428 Philippines
18,60017,00015,80018,75020,46020,200 Thailand
27,80027,80027,45828,16628,16127,537 Vietnam
41,79341,90440,69240,31239,92538,823 Others
475,767474,199465,985471,630472,322466,148 Subtotal
7,4937,5306,1077,1066,1176,348 United States
483,260481,729472,092478,736478,439472,496 World Total
none
Consumption and Residual
35,00035,00035,10035,10034,90034,500 Bangladesh
7,9007,9507,8007,9257,9007,850 Brazil
10,85010,85010,70010,50010,45010,400 Burma
3,6503,6003,6503,6153,6503,550 Cambodia
144,000144,500144,000144,500143,000141,000 China
4,0003,9503,9004,0004,0004,050 Egypt
97,00097,00094,02098,24498,72793,972 India
37,70038,00038,00038,30038,50038,127 Indonesia
8,7008,7008,6008,6008,3808,351 Japan
4,3344,3344,2544,1974,4224,489 Korea, South
3,6503,6503,5003,7163,8113,353 Nepal
5,0005,1005,2005,4005,5005,300 Nigeria
13,30013,30013,20013,20012,85012,850 Philippines
10,60011,1009,80010,50010,60010,600 Thailand
22,20022,00022,00022,00022,00021,600 Vietnam
63,53863,32662,08061,57961,21159,066 Others
473,933474,581467,570473,828474,332461,671 Subtotal
4,2234,2233,5294,3013,9773,779 United States
478,156478,804471,099478,129478,309465,450 World Total
none
Ending Stocks
70,93569,90663,73557,43653,10249,832 China
17,30017,80017,80017,80022,80025,500 India
3,6613,5613,5114,1115,5016,476 Indonesia
2,0892,0892,4942,8213,0072,857 Japan
1,9011,9011,8271,406899780 Korea, South
6,6203,3207,87010,77011,99912,808 Thailand
1,9171,0171,7171,2591,2991,163 Vietnam
14,34414,13215,16917,45014,36613,296 Others
118,767113,726114,123113,053112,973112,712 Subtotal
1,9351,8771,4751,5521,0251,156 United States
120,702115,603115,598114,605113,998113,868 World Total
Note: All data are reported on a milled basis.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA October 2016Office of Global Analysis
Regional Rice Imports, Production, Consumption, and Stocks
Thousand Metric Tons
2012/13 2013/14 2014/15 2015/16
Sep
2016/17
Oct
2016/17
TY Imports none
1,776 North America 1,800 1,839 1,825 1,890 1,890
971 Caribbean 901 1,173 1,160 1,155 1,155
1,833 South America 1,814 1,679 1,897 1,862 1,912
125 Other Europe 132 128 135 140 140
557 Former Soviet Union - 12 626 569 501 531 531
7,252 Middle East 6,711 6,462 5,920 6,230 6,180
487 North Africa 485 391 470 405 670
11,567 Sub-Saharan Africa 12,627 10,789 11,345 11,195 11,310
5,349 East Asia 6,045 6,686 6,406 6,631 6,631
722 South Asia 2,566 1,692 820 980 900
3,606 Southeast Asia 5,023 5,674 4,650 4,960 4,860
2,197 Others 2,392 2,515 2,695 2,590 2,585
36,442 Total 41,122 39,597 37,824 38,569 38,764
Production none
6,479 North America 6,248 7,285 6,256 7,703 7,666
974 Caribbean 1,054 1,104 996 1,055 1,055
15,852 South America 16,384 16,365 15,230 16,433 15,938
2,100 European Union - 28 1,937 1,963 2,055 2,026 2,026
1,294 Former Soviet Union - 12 1,205 1,185 1,262 1,230 1,230
2,251 Middle East 2,450 2,443 2,392 2,613 2,563
4,704 North Africa 4,789 4,530 4,000 4,000 4,554
13,272 Sub-Saharan Africa 13,984 14,468 15,140 15,390 15,477
157,953 East Asia 157,701 159,486 160,194 160,924 160,924
150,632 South Asia 154,490 153,333 152,317 154,818 154,478
115,490 Southeast Asia 116,867 115,367 111,439 114,371 115,971
1,495 Others 1,330 1,207 811 1,166 1,378
472,496 Total 478,439 478,736 472,092 481,729 483,260
Domestic Consumption none
4,977 North America 5,215 5,539 4,774 5,478 5,478
1,171 Central America 1,200 1,203 1,280 1,333 1,333
1,954 Caribbean 1,992 2,136 2,142 2,201 2,201
14,341 South America 14,582 14,617 14,627 14,703 14,653
3,250 European Union - 28 3,250 3,350 3,450 3,500 3,500
1,579 Former Soviet Union - 12 1,605 1,524 1,540 1,551 1,551
8,989 Middle East 9,190 9,232 8,835 9,040 8,940
4,572 North Africa 4,480 4,379 4,270 4,320 4,370
24,741 Sub-Saharan Africa 26,076 26,077 26,328 26,839 26,941
157,459 East Asia 159,414 160,566 159,754 160,759 160,259
137,403 South Asia 143,403 143,441 139,267 142,293 142,393
101,694 Southeast Asia 102,763 103,057 102,536 104,031 103,481
707 Others 708 556 530 535 545
462,837 Total 473,878 475,677 469,333 476,583 475,645
Ending Stocks none
1,345 North America 1,180 1,713 1,598 2,031 2,089
186 Central America 210 233 295 248 293
289 Caribbean 264 263 271 285 285
1,586 South America 1,844 2,105 1,332 1,552 1,288
1,188 European Union - 28 1,163 1,210 1,305 1,301 1,301
2,004 Middle East 1,864 1,775 1,177 1,025 955
427 North Africa 610 924 924 739 1,478
2,229 Sub-Saharan Africa 2,133 2,191 1,923 1,434 1,484
53,832 East Asia 57,296 61,919 68,292 74,152 75,181
26,879 South Asia 25,051 21,524 20,982 20,562 19,782
23,486 Southeast Asia 21,976 20,357 17,285 12,085 16,260
238 Oceania 241 223 73 63 180
179 Others 166 168 141 126 126
113,868 Total 113,998 114,605 115,598 115,603 120,702
NOTES: Regional definitions appear on last page of this circular. Imports are reported on a trade year basis. All other data are
reported using local marketing years.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA October 2016Office of Global Analysis
14
150
160
170
180
190
200
210
220
$/M
T
Corn Daily Export Bids
U.S. Gulf Brazil Paranagua Black Sea Argentina Up River
COARSE GRAINS: WORLD MARKETS AND TRADE
OVERVIEW
For 2016/17, global corn production is projected marginally lower from last month, but still a
record. Smaller crops for the EU, the United States, and Vietnam more than offset gains for
Brazil and Thailand. Global trade is projected higher with larger imports for the EU, Mexico,
Iran and Vietnam. Exports are raised for Argentina, Brazil, Ukraine, and the United States. The
U.S. season-average farm price is forecast 5 cents higher to $3.25 per bushel.
PRICES
FOB export quotes for most origins have been mostly range-bound over the last month. Prices
were initially edging lower, but rose following the release of the USDA Grain Stocks report that
showed smaller-than-expected corn stocks. Argentine prices are up $1/ton to $173, Brazil is
down $3/ton to $189, and U.S. quotes are down $3/ton to $162. Black Sea, however, dropped
$29/ton to $166 as a result of harvest pressure.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA October 2016Office of Global Analysis
15
TRADE CHANGES IN 2016/17
Selected Exporters
U.S. corn is up 1.5 million tons to 56.5 million, a nine-year high, based on strong early-
season sales and shipments.
Argentine corn is up 500,000 tons to 25.5 million on rising global demand and the
expectation of competitive prices later in the season.
Brazilian corn is up 1.0 million tons to 21.0 million based on a larger forecast crop.
EU corn and barley are cut 300,000 tons each to 1.7 million and to 6.2 million,
respectively, on smaller crops.
Thai corn is boosted 200,000 tons to 400,000 on larger exportable supplies.
Ukrainian corn is raised 700,000 tons to 17.7 million on expectations of stronger demand
from the EU, its top market.
Russian barley is down 400,000 tons to 4.0 million on a smaller crop.
Selected Importers
Algerian corn is up 200,000 tons to 4.3 million reflecting expectations of growing feed
demand.
EU corn is up 1.5 million tons to 13.5 million as tighter domestic feed grain supplies and
low world corn prices are expected to boost imports.
Iranian corn is up 500,000 tons to 6.0 million on expectations of stronger feed demand.
Mexican corn is up 300,000 tons to 13.8 million on a fast pace of early season sales.
Peruvian corn is raised 200,000 tons to 2.9 million on higher expected feed use,
evidenced by a fast pace of purchases from the United States.
Vietnamese corn is boosted 500,000 tons to 6.5 million to partly offset a smaller crop.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA October 2016Office of Global Analysis
16
TRADE CHANGES IN 2015/16
Selected Exporters – based on trade data
U.S. corn is boosted 1.0 million tons to 50.5 million reflecting strong September
shipments. Sorghum is cut 350,000 tons to 8.0 million. Barley is cut 100,000 tons to
175,000.
Argentine corn is raised 800,000 tons to 21.3 million.
Brazilian corn is boosted 1.9 million tons to 35.4 million.
Canadian corn is up 100,000 tons to 1.8 million. Barley is down 150,000 tons to 1.2
million.
EU barley is cut 200,000 tons to 10.1 million.
Ukrainian barley is down 100,000 tons to 4.6 million.
Selected Importers – based on trade data
Algerian corn is up 200,000 tons to 4.3 million.
Brazilian corn is down 134,000 tons to 1.6 million.
Canadian corn is boosted 100,000 tons to 1.3 million.
EU corn is up 200,000 tons to 13.4 million.
Iranian corn is raised 700,000 tons to 6.6 million.
Malaysian corn is up 300,000 tons to 3.8 million.
Mexican corn is boosted 300,000 tons to 13.8 million.
Peruvian corn is raised 200,000 tons to 2.9 million.
Vietnamese corn is up 800,000 tons to 8.0 million.
Chinese sorghum is boosted 400,000 tons to 7.8 million.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA October 2016Office of Global Analysis
World Coarse Grain Trade
October/September Year, Thousand Metric Tons
2012/13 2013/14 2014/15 2015/16 2016/17
Sep
2016/17
Oct
none
TY Exports
28,40527,90525,00521,00316,63029,497 Argentina
7,9757,9756,5007,2917,0096,416 Australia
21,03020,03035,41721,95422,05926,078 Brazil
3,8503,8504,6003,5975,4824,658 Canada
8,2558,85512,29215,0677,8418,943 European Union
2,3152,3152,7153,0312,7182,861 Paraguay
8,5608,9608,1609,1557,0744,366 Russia
2,2602,2601,6403,0011,799605 Serbia
1,3251,3257657662,1282,412 South Africa
22,93022,13021,28524,20824,12515,527 Ukraine
7,1807,0857,5558,02611,21510,279 Others
114,085112,690125,934117,099108,080111,642 Subtotal
63,09561,63558,71656,42356,77620,586 United States
177,180174,325184,650173,522164,856132,228 World Total
none
TY Imports
5,2255,0255,2304,8634,9463,289 Algeria
1,5501,5502,0711,0231,1841,238 Brazil
1,5901,5901,4351,710714522 Canada
2,0252,0251,8101,7071,6211,327 Chile
13,70013,70017,35025,69912,4455,603 China
4,8404,8404,8704,7474,7954,090 Colombia
8,8558,8558,5807,9408,7755,097 Egypt
14,08012,53013,7809,14616,35511,778 European Union
2,2002,2002,1003,3813,5132,719 Indonesia
7,6007,1008,5008,0006,6004,800 Iran
1,8101,8101,6901,6032,0731,564 Israel
16,90016,90016,94516,72617,50117,742 Japan
10,09010,09010,39010,24510,4998,265 Korea, South
1,5001,5001,7001,6851,4931,220 Libya
3,6003,6003,8003,2383,4853,048 Malaysia
14,77514,47514,65011,57011,3127,624 Mexico
3,2003,3003,0002,2172,8581,832 Morocco
3,0352,8353,0252,8632,3362,404 Peru
14,01014,00514,31511,11511,33212,390 Saudi Arabia
2,6802,6802,93067723592 South Africa
4,3004,3004,4153,9494,3464,413 Taiwan
1,8001,9001,8501,5241,4491,608 Tunisia
1,8051,9051,0252,7191,9771,922 Turkey
2,2002,1001,8002,4332,6272,154 Venezuela
6,5006,0008,0006,7004,3001,600 Vietnam
19,93619,87120,32718,27417,63114,940 Others
169,806166,686175,588165,754156,402123,281 Subtotal
3,9994,2645,1174,4735,1312,432 Unaccounted
3,3753,3753,9453,2953,3236,515 United States
177,180174,325184,650173,522164,856132,228 World Total
TY=Trade Year, see Endnotes.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA October 2016Office of Global Analysis
World Coarse Grains Production, Consumption, and Stocks
Local Marketing Years, Thousand Metric Tons
2012/13 2013/14 2014/15 2015/16 2016/17
Sep
2016/17
Oct
none
Production
44,13944,13936,93935,73235,66537,246 Argentina
14,26414,16412,43712,60512,15811,414 Australia
86,01785,46369,12687,66982,60384,253 Brazil
24,57024,64025,66021,99228,74524,445 Canada
223,700223,700231,780222,750225,408212,192 China
12,75012,7509,98514,44213,07912,286 Ethiopia
151,803154,381151,816170,854159,212146,188 European Union
42,26043,20038,04343,07643,21639,910 India
9,6009,6009,3009,0009,1008,500 Indonesia
31,82531,82532,18932,68932,06528,881 Mexico
18,50018,50017,95019,01519,29218,573 Nigeria
39,50040,00037,42740,38635,73528,658 Russia
13,52513,5588,36411,11015,51812,873 South Africa
10,92510,92514,2759,42513,09010,595 Turkey
37,05037,05033,38739,38940,02229,528 Ukraine
154,410154,503152,124159,022148,132145,611 Others
914,838918,398880,802929,156913,040851,153 Subtotal
399,950401,342366,989377,234367,089285,311 United States
1,314,7881,319,7401,247,7911,306,3901,280,1291,136,464 World Total
none
Domestic Consumption
15,63915,73914,32114,23213,69512,050 Argentina
60,92261,31857,99360,02358,02855,803 Brazil
22,25522,25521,97021,29522,34520,340 Canada
245,150244,650238,895229,059223,546209,671 China
16,00816,00815,70314,80914,08012,910 Egypt
160,480160,545157,004162,555164,401153,341 European Union
40,85041,65039,49040,40037,60035,075 India
14,92014,22014,12012,02011,32010,520 Iran
17,21117,21117,24616,93317,57017,830 Japan
45,81545,51544,11542,07540,93536,195 Mexico
18,50018,50018,15018,95019,35018,700 Nigeria
30,75030,85029,84031,13928,61925,134 Russia
14,53014,52513,95012,02511,55010,925 Saudi Arabia
13,28013,28014,43013,05513,43013,005 Turkey
14,27514,67513,86015,43015,97714,661 Ukraine
244,772243,546240,850240,740227,882219,060 Others
986,314985,823934,858960,621927,454859,154 Subtotal
325,571325,650312,665311,339305,044275,537 United States
1,311,8851,311,4731,247,5231,271,9601,232,4981,134,691 World Total
none
Ending Stocks
6,2316,2865,6168,21314,2599,560 Brazil
3,9694,0513,9143,3344,6483,024 Canada
104,439104,599112,219102,01982,65168,377 China
11,70912,46514,56118,84515,56513,055 European Union
6,7146,7147,6747,1345,0944,654 Iran
6,5726,4476,5874,8603,4871,542 Mexico
4,1214,1204,4013,5003,9123,415 Saudi Arabia
42,60843,84743,25751,24047,73436,874 Others
186,363188,529198,229199,145177,350140,501 Subtotal
62,90164,78548,13246,94834,31323,531 United States
249,264253,314246,361246,093211,663164,032 World Total
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA October 2016Office of Global Analysis
Regional Coarse Grains Imports, Production, Consumption, and Stocks
Thousand Metric Tons
2012/13 2013/14 2014/15 2015/16
Sep
2016/17
Oct
2016/17
TY Imports none
14,661 North America 15,349 16,575 20,030 19,440 19,740
2,470 Central America 2,923 3,460 3,985 3,725 3,725
2,327 Caribbean 2,330 2,444 2,540 2,560 2,585
11,812 South America 13,182 13,353 14,019 13,800 14,105
11,778 European Union - 28 16,355 9,146 13,780 12,530 14,080
728 Former Soviet Union - 12 807 730 580 655 655
25,078 Middle East 26,614 27,769 30,415 29,525 29,880
13,046 North Africa 19,521 18,229 20,360 20,580 20,580
2,742 Sub-Saharan Africa 3,633 4,546 7,391 7,320 7,355
36,176 East Asia 44,865 56,676 49,155 45,070 45,070
7,961 Southeast Asia 12,814 14,736 15,370 13,375 13,875
1,017 Others 1,332 1,385 1,908 1,481 1,531
129,796 Total 159,725 169,049 179,533 170,061 173,181
Production none
338,637 North America 427,899 431,915 424,838 457,807 456,345
136,025 South America 131,844 136,768 119,699 143,437 143,869
146,188 European Union - 28 159,212 170,854 151,816 154,381 151,803
6,570 Other Europe 8,813 10,649 8,946 10,023 10,023
68,222 Former Soviet Union - 12 87,758 91,599 82,761 89,376 88,876
18,769 Middle East 21,774 17,888 23,382 19,972 19,972
10,155 North Africa 11,556 11,073 12,521 9,639 9,815
103,567 Sub-Saharan Africa 102,631 109,419 94,759 103,925 104,295
214,616 East Asia 227,798 225,528 234,420 226,359 226,359
47,642 South Asia 51,986 51,822 46,597 52,028 51,088
29,158 Southeast Asia 31,003 31,088 30,477 33,273 32,723
12,082 Oceania 12,805 13,273 13,144 14,804 14,904
4,833 Others 5,050 4,514 4,431 4,716 4,716
1,136,464 Total 1,280,129 1,306,390 1,247,791 1,319,740 1,314,788
Domestic Consumption none
332,072 North America 368,324 374,709 378,750 393,420 393,641
89,796 South America 94,375 96,974 95,382 100,674 100,413
153,341 European Union - 28 164,401 162,555 157,004 160,545 160,480
7,100 Other Europe 7,707 8,036 8,242 8,312 8,312
50,225 Former Soviet Union - 12 55,686 58,148 55,258 57,291 56,791
43,027 Middle East 45,892 45,706 51,582 50,937 51,667
24,941 North Africa 27,987 30,177 32,104 31,588 31,888
103,253 Sub-Saharan Africa 102,361 109,829 103,391 104,990 105,781
242,831 East Asia 257,690 262,977 273,307 278,837 279,337
42,704 South Asia 46,167 49,321 48,995 51,134 50,384
35,787 Southeast Asia 38,943 41,558 43,405 44,916 44,616
6,107 Oceania 5,764 5,846 6,359 6,549 6,649
9,573 Others 10,075 10,243 10,823 10,944 10,969
1,140,757 Total 1,225,372 1,256,079 1,264,602 1,300,137 1,300,928
Ending Stocks none
28,097 North America 42,448 55,142 58,633 75,283 73,442
15,559 South America 21,435 14,724 11,678 13,496 12,589
13,055 European Union - 28 15,565 18,845 14,561 12,465 11,709
631 Other Europe 751 1,064 936 1,281 1,284
4,983 Former Soviet Union - 12 7,029 7,435 4,624 5,102 4,699
10,118 Middle East 11,911 12,774 14,751 12,869 12,766
3,553 North Africa 5,666 5,514 5,886 4,316 4,283
9,049 Sub-Saharan Africa 9,559 12,319 8,767 9,241 9,456
71,678 East Asia 86,663 105,873 116,106 108,328 108,168
2,408 South Asia 4,099 5,296 3,084 3,341 3,579
3,230 Southeast Asia 4,472 4,516 4,583 4,533 4,180
902 Oceania 1,115 1,624 1,695 2,020 2,020
769 Others 950 967 1,057 1,039 1,089
164,032 Total 211,663 246,093 246,361 253,314 249,264
NOTES: Regional definitions appear on last page of this circular. Imports are reported on a trade year basis. All other data are
reported using local marketing years.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA October 2016Office of Global Analysis
World Corn Trade
October/September Year, Thousand Metric Tons
2012/13 2013/14 2014/15 2015/16 2016/17
Sep
2016/17
Oct
none
TY Exports
25,50025,00021,30018,44812,84622,789 Argentina
21,00020,00035,38221,90922,04126,044 Brazil
950950900850700550 Burma
1,7002,0001,8004,0262,4042,194 European Union
8008001,000784501522 Mexico
2,3002,3002,7003,0122,7142,858 Paraguay
4,5004,5004,4003,2134,1941,917 Russia
2,2002,2001,6002,9641,780578 Serbia
1,3001,3007507462,1042,398 South Africa
17,70017,00016,50019,66120,00412,726 Ukraine
4,8254,6306,1605,58210,4519,708 Others
82,77580,68092,49281,19579,73982,284 Subtotal
56,50055,00050,50046,83150,69118,262 United States
139,275135,680142,992128,026130,430100,546 World Total
none
TY Imports
4,3004,1004,3004,1164,1562,918 Algeria
1,5001,5001,3001,533678492 Canada
1,8001,8001,6001,5161,456844 Chile
3,0003,0003,1805,5163,2772,702 China
4,5004,5004,5004,4964,4363,266 Colombia
1,2501,2251,2751,2021,0111,046 Dominican Republic
8,7508,7508,5007,8418,7265,059 Egypt
13,50012,00013,4008,64616,01411,362 European Union
2,2002,2002,1003,3813,5132,719 Indonesia
6,0005,5006,6006,1005,5003,700 Iran
1,5001,5001,4001,2961,6521,224 Israel
15,00015,00015,00014,65715,12114,411 Japan
10,00010,00010,30010,16810,4068,174 Korea, South
3,6003,6003,8003,2383,4853,048 Malaysia
13,80013,50013,80011,26910,9495,676 Mexico
2,3002,3002,1001,9412,3491,684 Morocco
2,9002,7002,9002,7412,2322,254 Peru
3,5003,5003,6002,9042,6842,063 Saudi Arabia
2,5002,5002,700469790 South Africa
4,2004,2004,3003,8214,1794,241 Taiwan
1,2001,2001,2001,041993846 Tunisia
1,5001,5009002,3771,3811,656 Turkey
2,2002,1001,8002,4332,6262,154 Venezuela
6,5006,0008,0006,7004,3001,600 Vietnam
1,4001,400800700600700 Zimbabwe
15,95515,86516,84514,47214,15811,026 Others
134,855131,440136,200124,574125,96194,865 Subtotal
3,1702,9905,0772,6433,7421,416 Unaccounted
1,2501,2501,7158097274,265 United States
139,275135,680142,992128,026130,430100,546 World Total
TY=Trade Year, see Endnotes.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA October 2016Office of Global Analysis
World Corn Production, Consumption, and Stocks
Local Marketing Years, Thousand Metric Tons
2012/13 2013/14 2014/15 2015/16 2016/17
Sep
2016/17
Oct
none
Production
36,50036,50028,00028,70026,00027,000 Argentina
83,50082,50067,00085,00080,00081,500 Brazil
12,50012,35013,60011,48714,19413,060 Canada
216,000216,000224,580215,646218,490205,614 China
6,3006,3005,0507,2356,4926,158 Ethiopia
60,27961,14958,48175,84064,93159,142 European Union
24,50024,50021,80024,17024,25922,258 India
9,6009,6009,3009,0009,1008,500 Indonesia
24,50024,50025,80025,48022,88021,591 Mexico
7,2007,2007,0007,5157,7007,630 Nigeria
7,9008,0007,5007,6717,5327,261 Philippines
14,00014,00013,16811,32511,6358,213 Russia
7,0007,0006,0007,7005,9003,750 Serbia
13,00013,0007,90010,62914,92512,365 South Africa
26,00026,00023,33328,45030,90020,922 Ukraine
94,43894,63395,14397,43194,60691,612 Others
643,217643,232613,655653,279639,544596,576 Subtotal
382,476383,378345,486361,091351,272273,192 United States
1,025,6931,026,610959,1411,014,370990,816869,768 World Total
none
Total Consumption
10,50010,6009,3009,3008,8007,900 Argentina
58,00058,00055,30057,00055,00052,500 Brazil
13,30013,30013,10012,82012,67511,604 Canada
226,000226,000217,500202,000208,000200,000 China
15,05015,05014,75013,90013,20012,000 Egypt
73,80073,20072,71477,88076,79669,846 European Union
23,30023,30022,65022,30019,60017,500 India
11,60011,60011,30012,20011,90010,900 Indonesia
9,3008,6008,8007,4006,8006,200 Iran
15,10015,10015,10014,60015,00014,300 Japan
10,10010,10010,35010,2509,8918,481 Korea, South
37,50037,20036,90034,45031,70027,000 Mexico
9,5009,5008,9008,1007,5006,400 Russia
11,30011,30011,20011,65011,50011,000 South Africa
12,10012,50012,0009,4007,7006,400 Vietnam
159,901159,003158,532158,828153,718144,327 Others
706,499703,961659,174678,964655,847601,837 Subtotal
312,434312,434298,831301,792292,958262,973 United States
1,018,9331,016,395958,005980,756948,805864,810 World Total
none
Ending Stocks
2,1193,0191,1141,9091,4081,308 Argentina
5,9425,9425,3427,84213,9729,150 Brazil
103,694103,654110,714100,46481,31567,570 China
5,1175,1896,8389,4716,8915,146 European Union
5,2965,2966,0565,7164,4763,236 Iran
5,8185,7185,8184,1182,603975 Mexico
2,1481,8981,4482,4482,198664 South Africa
27,74228,20028,58032,97331,14624,382 Others
157,876158,916165,910164,941144,009112,431 Subtotal
58,93560,54744,14143,97431,29220,859 United States
216,811219,463210,051208,915175,301133,290 World Total
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA October 2016Office of Global Analysis
Regional Corn Imports, Production, Consumption, and Stocks
Thousand Metric Tons
2012/13 2013/14 2014/15 2015/16
Sep
2016/17
Oct
2016/17
TY Imports none
10,433 North America 12,354 13,611 16,815 16,250 16,550
2,470 Central America 2,922 3,460 3,985 3,725 3,725
9,651 South America 12,027 12,040 12,574 12,550 12,855
11,362 European Union - 28 16,014 8,646 13,400 12,000 13,500
322 Former Soviet Union - 12 448 498 400 420 420
10,944 Middle East 13,812 15,238 15,520 14,725 15,275
11,154 North Africa 17,036 15,623 16,800 17,050 17,250
2,092 Sub-Saharan Africa 2,941 3,776 6,316 6,635 6,670
29,681 East Asia 33,057 34,219 32,835 32,280 32,280
7,943 Southeast Asia 12,768 14,722 15,355 13,360 13,860
2,327 Caribbean 2,330 2,444 2,540 2,560 2,585
751 Others 979 1,106 1,375 1,135 1,135
99,130 Total 126,688 125,383 137,915 132,690 136,105
Production none
307,843 North America 388,346 398,058 384,886 420,228 419,476
120,997 South America 117,456 125,140 106,459 130,299 131,199
59,142 European Union - 28 64,931 75,840 58,481 61,149 60,279
4,915 Other Europe 7,210 8,945 7,176 8,229 8,229
32,310 Former Soviet Union - 12 46,916 43,801 40,422 44,060 44,060
7,480 Middle East 8,158 7,838 9,228 8,508 8,508
5,919 North Africa 5,898 6,161 6,201 6,201 6,201
60,555 Sub-Saharan Africa 63,519 63,151 55,331 59,628 59,883
207,737 East Asia 220,583 218,095 226,928 218,358 218,358
28,857 South Asia 31,865 31,740 29,170 32,070 32,070
3,743 Central America 3,893 3,366 3,300 3,560 3,560
28,893 Southeast Asia 30,721 30,794 30,182 32,983 32,433
1,377 Others 1,320 1,441 1,377 1,337 1,437
869,768 Total 990,816 1,014,370 959,141 1,026,610 1,025,693
Domestic Consumption none
301,577 North America 337,333 349,062 348,831 362,934 363,234
78,981 South America 83,551 86,376 84,750 89,105 89,260
69,846 European Union - 28 76,796 77,880 72,714 73,200 73,800
5,194 Other Europe 5,847 6,122 6,315 6,310 6,310
18,080 Former Soviet Union - 12 21,130 21,482 21,015 22,265 21,865
18,710 Middle East 19,785 21,810 24,025 23,935 24,660
18,450 North Africa 20,800 22,100 23,150 23,675 23,875
60,039 Sub-Saharan Africa 62,444 63,901 62,103 60,438 61,031
229,234 East Asia 239,185 233,237 249,430 257,755 257,755
23,980 South Asia 26,982 30,007 30,720 31,470 31,470
35,509 Southeast Asia 38,654 41,224 43,100 44,610 44,310
6,175 Central America 6,650 6,690 7,130 7,225 7,225
3,556 Others 3,581 3,979 3,944 3,865 3,990
869,331 Total 942,738 963,870 977,227 1,006,787 1,008,785
Ending Stocks none
23,383 North America 35,495 49,494 51,449 67,717 66,243
13,628 South America 19,022 12,664 9,408 11,607 10,757
5,146 European Union - 28 6,891 9,471 6,838 5,189 5,117
384 Other Europe 505 860 764 1,120 1,123
1,948 Former Soviet Union - 12 3,368 3,023 1,745 2,185 1,765
4,286 Middle East 6,035 7,200 7,639 6,621 6,617
1,771 North Africa 3,117 3,306 2,904 2,434 2,470
6,589 Sub-Saharan Africa 7,534 9,487 6,874 7,334 7,436
70,378 East Asia 84,856 103,925 114,248 107,071 107,111
1,744 South Asia 3,005 3,935 2,470 2,550 2,840
3,225 Southeast Asia 4,466 4,510 4,577 4,533 4,180
474 Central America 610 587 715 755 755
334 Others 397 453 420 347 397
133,290 Total 175,301 208,915 210,051 219,463 216,811
NOTES: Regional definitions appear on last page of this circular. Imports are reported on a trade year basis. All other data are
reported using local marketing years.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA October 2016Office of Global Analysis
World Barley Trade
October/September Year, Thousand Metric Tons
2012/13 2013/14 2014/15 2015/16 2016/17
Sep
2016/17
Oct
none
TY Exports
2,1002,1002,8001,5992,8293,647 Argentina
6,7006,7005,2005,2666,2614,622 Australia
1,6001,6001,1501,3841,7141,316 Canada
6,2006,50010,10010,6424,9266,501 European Union
10020010097546546 India
700700800476501151 Kazakhstan
4,0004,4003,7005,8072,7912,366 Russia
606040371826 Serbia
5,0005,0004,6004,3323,8272,659 Ukraine
5050254336107 Uruguay
7575401234258 Others
26,58527,38528,55529,80623,49121,999 Subtotal
260300175291336163 United States
26,84527,68528,73030,09723,82722,162 World Total
none
TY Imports
900900900723778364 Algeria
450450500489337369 Brazil
5,0005,0006,2009,8594,8912,183 China
285285300249253232 Colombia
10010075984637 Egypt
3503002002695853 European Union
1,6001,6001,9001,9001,1001,100 Iran
275275250278304244 Israel
1,1001,1001,1001,0971,2941,356 Japan
800900850759997831 Jordan
400400400412436388 Kuwait
8008001,0001,001681573 Libya
17517517518610847 Mexico
9001,000900276471148 Morocco
11011010012287103 Peru
10,50010,50010,7008,2008,50010,200 Saudi Arabia
200200100100100300 Syria
600700650483456762 Tunisia
300400120332596266 Turkey
400400400394468541 United Arab Emirates
9619611,1081,2431,0791,116 Others
26,20626,55627,92828,47023,04021,213 Subtotal
2397294221,197264518 Unaccounted
400400380430523431 United States
26,84527,68528,73030,09723,82722,162 World Total
TY=Trade Year, see Endnotes.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA October 2016Office of Global Analysis
World Barley Production, Consumption, and Stocks
Local Marketing Years, Thousand Metric Tons
2012/13 2013/14 2014/15 2015/16 2016/17
Sep
2016/17
Oct
none
Production
3,6503,6504,9402,9004,7505,000 Argentina
9,9009,9008,5938,6469,1747,472 Australia
2,1002,1002,0001,9881,6741,917 Belarus
8,5008,7008,2257,11910,2378,012 Canada
2,0002,0001,8001,8101,7001,626 China
2,0502,0501,9501,9531,9081,782 Ethiopia
59,58460,02661,52060,65859,67454,875 European Union
1,5101,7001,6131,8311,7521,619 India
3,8003,8003,8003,2002,8002,770 Iran
1,1001,1001,0501,000944500 Iraq
2,7002,7002,6752,4122,5391,500 Kazakhstan
1,0769003,5001,7002,7231,201 Morocco
18,00018,50017,08320,02615,38913,952 Russia
4,7504,7507,4004,0007,3005,500 Turkey
9,7009,7008,7519,4507,5616,935 Ukraine
8,9949,0299,1349,1229,4259,354 Others
139,414140,605144,034137,815139,550124,015 Subtotal
4,3394,1294,7503,9534,7194,768 United States
143,753144,734148,784141,768144,269128,783 World Total
none
Total Consumption
2,0502,0502,1502,0502,0502,000 Algeria
1,6001,6001,6001,5001,7001,300 Argentina
3,0003,0003,0003,0002,8003,000 Australia
2,1002,1002,0002,0001,8002,000 Belarus
6,9656,9656,9566,4717,7186,811 Canada
7,1007,1008,20011,6006,3004,000 China
2,0252,0252,0101,9751,9251,725 Ethiopia
54,10053,90051,70050,90053,40051,000 European Union
5,6005,6005,3004,6004,5004,300 Iran
2,0002,0002,0002,0002,0001,375 Kazakhstan
2,8002,7003,4502,7002,3001,900 Morocco
13,90014,00013,60014,10012,70012,100 Russia
10,72510,72510,2258,5258,6258,325 Saudi Arabia
5,5005,5006,9005,3506,9506,200 Turkey
4,9004,9004,7004,7005,0005,100 Ukraine
17,15417,17417,24216,72416,46115,749 Others
141,644142,328143,122137,297136,003126,429 Subtotal
4,6374,4194,4064,2354,7754,638 United States
146,281146,747147,528141,532140,778131,067 World Total
none
Ending Stocks
1,2041,2041,3541,3041,1781,217 Algeria
1,4131,4131,2131,120693536 Australia
1,5531,6531,4431,2171,950983 Canada
4,8775,1725,2435,9205,6215,044 European Union
1,4181,4181,6181,4186181,418 Iran
9869868361,533904726 Russia
3,6513,6513,8663,0813,3963,006 Saudi Arabia
5,5865,8227,5626,7987,7155,695 Others
20,68821,31923,13522,39122,07518,625 Subtotal
2,1422,0492,2231,7111,7911,750 United States
22,83023,36825,35824,10223,86620,375 World Total
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA October 2016Office of Global Analysis
Regional Barley Imports, Production, Consumption, and Stocks
Thousand Metric Tons
2012/13 2013/14 2014/15 2015/16
Sep
2016/17
Oct
2016/17
TY Imports none
499 North America 640 781 680 650 650
1,064 South America 886 1,169 1,170 980 980
53 European Union - 28 58 269 200 300 350
126 Other Europe 163 120 102 155 155
378 Former Soviet Union - 12 352 226 155 230 230
13,906 Middle East 12,537 12,480 14,830 14,755 14,555
1,884 North Africa 2,432 2,581 3,525 3,500 3,300
52 Sub-Saharan Africa 116 138 90 120 120
3,668 East Asia 6,320 11,080 7,425 6,225 6,225
6 South Asia 13 24 121 16 16
8 Oceania 46 32 10 25 25
21,644 Total 23,563 28,900 28,308 26,956 26,606
Production none
13,812 North America 15,550 11,918 13,727 13,564 13,574
5,884 South America 5,737 3,769 5,939 4,957 4,955
54,875 European Union - 28 59,674 60,658 61,520 60,026 59,584
1,188 Other Europe 1,151 1,223 1,287 1,307 1,307
25,958 Former Soviet Union - 12 29,162 35,565 32,338 34,900 34,400
9,689 Middle East 12,047 8,653 12,858 10,068 10,068
3,307 North Africa 4,748 4,010 5,399 2,508 2,684
2,283 Sub-Saharan Africa 2,357 2,446 2,482 2,575 2,542
1,920 East Asia 1,991 2,134 2,088 2,297 2,297
1,956 South Asia 2,261 2,340 2,116 2,232 2,042
7,911 Oceania 9,591 9,052 9,030 10,300 10,300
128,783 Total 144,269 141,768 148,784 144,734 143,753
Domestic Consumption none
12,349 North America 13,243 11,556 12,287 12,309 12,527
3,152 South America 3,528 3,398 3,778 3,813 3,793
51,000 European Union - 28 53,400 50,900 51,700 53,900 54,100
1,298 Other Europe 1,298 1,354 1,349 1,409 1,409
22,339 Former Soviet Union - 12 23,460 24,724 24,220 24,990 24,890
22,435 Middle East 24,410 22,277 26,186 25,566 25,566
5,560 North Africa 6,230 7,159 8,003 6,958 7,058
2,285 Sub-Saharan Africa 2,461 2,505 2,623 2,640 2,640
5,812 East Asia 8,009 13,192 9,780 8,660 8,660
1,868 South Asia 1,715 1,915 2,063 2,088 2,088
3,425 Oceania 3,250 3,450 3,450 3,425 3,425
131,523 Total 141,004 142,430 145,439 145,758 146,156
Ending Stocks none
3,014 North America 3,974 3,326 4,066 4,087 4,080
657 South America 816 716 1,097 1,079 1,089
5,044 European Union - 28 5,621 5,920 5,243 5,172 4,877
220 Other Europe 205 166 134 129 129
2,194 Former Soviet Union - 12 2,605 3,406 2,135 2,105 2,105
5,736 Middle East 5,788 5,515 7,067 6,199 6,099
1,715 North Africa 2,480 2,138 2,907 1,802 1,733
330 Sub-Saharan Africa 338 415 362 429 384
736 East Asia 1,038 1,060 793 655 655
141 South Asia 253 266 294 251 219
588 Oceania 748 1,174 1,260 1,460 1,460
20,375 Total 23,866 24,102 25,358 23,368 22,830
NOTES: Regional definitions appear on last page of this circular. Imports are reported on a trade year basis. All other data are
reported using local marketing years.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA October 2016Office of Global Analysis
World Sorghum Trade
October/September Year, Thousand Metric Tons
2012/13 2013/14 2014/15 2015/16 2016/17
Sep
2016/17
Oct
none
TY Exports
8008009009549533,059 Argentina
9009001,0001,7004101,430 Australia
25253013112 Brazil
252525757575 Ethiopia
50508512188231 India
100100501005050 Nigeria
15050120156229124 Ukraine
140140142199218191 Others
2,1902,0902,3523,3182,0345,162 Subtotal
6,3006,3008,0009,2695,7142,136 United States
8,4908,39010,35212,5877,7487,298 World Total
none
TY Imports
15015013598109404 Chile
5,5005,5007,80010,1624,161631 China
5050650104591 Colombia
5050150305050 Ethiopia
150150120131184291 European Union
7307307809031,0031,897 Japan
1001007511794102 Kenya
700700575291621,793 Mexico
10050205321410 Pakistan
10010030010075175 Sudan
400395610470802672 Others
8,0307,97510,81512,0726,7586,616 Subtotal
435390-563488987439 Unaccounted
2525100273243 United States
8,4908,39010,35212,5877,7487,298 World Total
TY=Trade Year, see Endnotes.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA October 2016Office of Global Analysis
World Sorghum Production, Consumption, and Stocks
Local Marketing Years, Thousand Metric Tons
2012/13 2013/14 2014/15 2015/16 2016/17
Sep
2016/17
Oct
none
Production
3,4003,4003,3753,5004,4004,700 Argentina
2,2002,2002,0372,2091,2822,230 Australia
1,5302,0001,0802,0551,8902,102 Brazil
1,9001,8001,4361,7081,8801,924 Burkina
1,1501,1501,1501,1501,1501,100 Cameroon
9009008358977451,172 Chad
3,2003,2003,0002,8852,8922,556 China
3,7003,7002,6004,3393,8293,604 Ethiopia
5,5005,5004,4105,4455,5425,281 India
1,3001,3001,3001,2728201,212 Mali
6,5006,5005,5506,2708,5006,174 Mexico
1,3001,3001,9171,4261,3201,376 Niger
6,5006,5006,1506,7006,5925,943 Nigeria
900900900990720650 South Sudan
5,5005,5002,3886,2812,2494,524 Sudan
7,0436,9876,8787,2537,2066,768 Others
52,52352,83745,00654,38051,01751,316 Subtotal
11,85312,40815,15810,9889,9666,293 United States
64,37665,24560,16465,36860,98357,609 World Total
none
Total Consumption
2,9502,9502,8002,8002,7002,300 Argentina
1,2051,2051,1055059051,080 Australia
1,5001,9001,1502,0002,0002,300 Brazil
1,8001,8001,4651,7001,9001,850 Burkina
1,1751,1751,1751,1751,1651,110 Cameroon
9009008659008501,150 Chad
9,3008,80010,60012,9006,8003,200 China
3,6503,6503,2004,1003,9003,700 Ethiopia
5,3505,4004,8205,1005,2005,150 India
1,3001,3001,3001,2009501,200 Mali
7,2007,2006,1006,6008,3008,100 Mexico
1,4501,3001,8201,4501,3001,200 Niger
6,4006,4006,0506,6506,5505,900 Nigeria
1,0001,0001,0001,050790650 South Sudan
5,5005,5003,1006,0002,5504,700 Sudan
8,2938,1818,4568,7588,68910,252 Others
59,58359,32654,87462,77455,60952,647 Subtotal
5,3355,5886,2122,4594,1304,796 United States
64,91864,91461,08665,23359,73957,443 World Total
none
Ending Stocks
3963968469711,202781 Argentina
273273178246172185 Australia
271471881706568326 China
363338363338647285 Mexico
268221393271270225 Niger
200200200150200208 Nigeria
401401306723357588 Sudan
1,4061,3411,1462,2931,7511,804 Others
3,5783,6414,3135,6985,1674,402 Subtotal
1,1241,388931468864385 United States
4,7025,0295,2446,1666,0314,787 World Total
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA October 2016Office of Global Analysis
Regional Sorghum Imports, Production, Consumption, and Stocks
Thousand Metric Tons
2012/13 2013/14 2014/15 2015/16
Sep
2016/17
Oct
2016/17
TY Imports none
2,036 North America 165 56 675 725 725
1,071 South America 240 114 245 240 240
291 European Union - 28 184 131 120 150 150
0 Other Europe 0 0 0 0 0
194 Middle East 232 23 45 15 20
1 North Africa 41 1 5 5 5
587 Sub-Saharan Africa 557 586 955 515 515
2,650 East Asia 5,281 11,142 8,650 6,285 6,285
18 Southeast Asia 46 14 15 15 15
11 Others 15 32 205 50 100
6,859 Total 6,761 12,099 10,915 8,000 8,055
Production none
12,467 North America 18,466 17,258 20,708 18,908 18,353
339 Central America 335 335 335 335 335
92 Caribbean 94 94 94 94 94
7,495 South America 7,081 6,404 5,297 6,277 5,807
473 European Union - 28 703 887 731 735 744
814 Middle East 789 691 535 635 635
763 North Africa 754 755 755 755 755
24,708 Sub-Saharan Africa 22,512 28,021 21,869 26,199 26,346
2,560 East Asia 2,895 2,887 3,002 3,202 3,202
5,404 South Asia 5,661 5,548 4,555 5,630 5,630
55 Southeast Asia 57 55 55 50 50
2,230 Oceania 1,282 2,209 2,037 2,200 2,200
209 Others 354 224 191 225 225
57,609 Total 60,983 65,368 60,164 65,245 64,376
Domestic Consumption none
12,896 North America 12,430 9,059 12,312 12,788 12,535
325 Central America 325 330 340 335 335
92 Caribbean 94 94 94 94 94
6,076 South America 5,757 5,785 4,952 5,907 5,507
795 European Union - 28 880 995 860 870 880
1,052 Middle East 894 865 590 645 650
756 North Africa 793 755 755 755 755
24,914 Sub-Saharan Africa 23,177 27,643 23,469 26,339 26,536
5,221 East Asia 7,951 13,911 11,425 9,590 10,090
5,283 South Asia 5,334 5,235 5,176 5,580 5,580
68 Southeast Asia 64 95 65 66 66
1,080 Oceania 905 505 1,105 1,205 1,205
80 Others 75 75 75 75 75
58,638 Total 58,679 65,347 61,218 64,249 64,308
Ending Stocks none
670 North America 1,511 806 1,294 1,726 1,487
30 Central America 33 38 28 23 23
1,146 South America 1,468 1,238 1,023 663 593
5 European Union - 28 18 27 13 19 22
65 Middle East 47 39 25 29 30
66 North Africa 68 69 74 79 79
2,073 Sub-Saharan Africa 1,647 2,310 1,513 1,450 1,618
413 East Asia 627 736 938 525 325
109 South Asia 364 588 93 193 193
185 Oceania 172 246 178 273 273
25 Others 76 69 65 49 59
4,787 Total 6,031 6,166 5,244 5,029 4,702
NOTES: Regional definitions appear on last page of this circular. Imports are reported on a trade year basis. All other data are
reported using local marketing years.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA October 2016Office of Global Analysis
World Oats Trade
October/September Year, Thousand Metric Tons
2012/13 2013/14 2014/15 2015/16 2016/17
Sep
2016/17
Oct
none
TY Exports
555222 Argentina
300300225270270240 Australia
1,5001,5001,6001,7291,7321,351 Canada
757575844941 Chile
200200230231291126 European Union
1010201464 Russia
7070454662 Ukraine
10101081410 Others
2,1702,1702,2102,3842,3701,776 Subtotal
303035292918 United States
2,2002,2002,2452,4132,3991,794 World Total
none
TY Imports
555300 Albania
25253024127 Algeria
555432 Bosnia and Herzegovina
15151012279 Canada
20020017016211687 China
555221 Colombia
202020212119 Ecuador
5510434 European Union
505050474651 Japan
1001001008693108 Mexico
10101023836 Norway
555222 Serbia
505030461911 South Africa
505050495144 Switzerland
555400 Turkey
555886 Others
555555510476441387 Subtotal
1451452051709252 Unaccounted
1,5001,5001,5301,7671,8661,355 United States
2,2002,2002,2452,4132,3991,794 World Total
TY=Trade Year, see Endnotes.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA October 2016Office of Global Analysis
World Oats Production, Consumption, and Stocks
Local Marketing Years, Thousand Metric Tons
2012/13 2013/14 2014/15 2015/16 2016/17
Sep
2016/17
Oct
none
Production
110110110110110110 Algeria
500500553525445496 Argentina
1,6001,6001,3081,1981,2551,121 Australia
400400400522352422 Belarus
650650783351380361 Brazil
3,0003,0203,4302,9793,9062,830 Canada
600600533421610680 Chile
600600600600580600 China
7,8078,0197,5037,8328,3807,909 European Union
275275244226305200 Kazakhstan
909087939184 Mexico
240240236236214232 Norway
4,7004,7004,5275,2674,9324,027 Russia
210210210210210210 Turkey
550550498610467630 Ukraine
334334329296318315 Others
21,66621,89821,35121,47622,55520,227 Subtotal
9401,1161,3001,019938892 United States
22,60623,01422,65122,49523,49321,119 World Total
none
Total Consumption
135135140126118119 Algeria
500500550525425500 Argentina
1,2501,2501,025950950925 Australia
400400400500375400 Belarus
640640765345375350 Brazil
1,6501,6501,6161,6811,6601,592 Canada
525525425355570600 Chile
850850795750700675 China
7,7007,8007,4807,7308,0757,700 European Union
270270245225275225 Kazakhstan
190190190175185195 Mexico
255255245245245295 Norway
4,6004,6004,6005,2004,9004,300 Russia
215215215215215215 Turkey
450450450600475600 Ukraine
529529501471491451 Others
20,25220,35219,84420,09020,25419,217 Subtotal
2,6112,6842,7012,4472,7572,743 United States
22,86323,03622,54522,53723,01121,960 World Total
none
Ending Stocks
2012011519310560 Australia
7958159306731,054446 Canada
606060274561 Chile
7272122147135139 China
512620600781894901 European Union
287287197289230203 Russia
736643386781 Ukraine
221218226220201190 Others
2,2212,3392,3292,2682,7312,081 Subtotal
676779825780359527 United States
2,8973,1183,1543,0483,0902,608 World Total
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA October 2016Office of Global Analysis
Regional Oats Imports, Production, Consumption, and Stocks
Thousand Metric Tons
2012/13 2013/14 2014/15 2015/16
Sep
2016/17
Oct
2016/17
TY Imports none
1,472 North America 1,986 1,865 1,640 1,615 1,615
26 South America 29 30 30 30 30
4 European Union - 28 3 4 10 5 5
84 Other Europe 94 60 75 75 75
0 Former Soviet Union - 12 2 1 0 0 0
0 Middle East 0 4 5 5 5
7 North Africa 12 24 30 25 25
11 Sub-Saharan Africa 19 46 30 50 50
138 East Asia 162 209 220 250 250
0 Oceania 0 0 0 0 0
1,742 Total 2,307 2,243 2,040 2,055 2,055
Production none
3,806 North America 4,935 4,091 4,817 4,226 4,030
1,577 South America 1,478 1,325 1,910 1,792 1,792
7,909 European Union - 28 8,380 7,832 7,503 8,019 7,807
365 Other Europe 348 369 372 375 375
5,285 Former Soviet Union - 12 6,062 6,631 5,675 5,931 5,931
210 Middle East 210 210 210 210 210
166 North Africa 156 147 166 175 175
60 Sub-Saharan Africa 59 55 55 55 55
602 East Asia 582 602 601 601 601
1,139 Oceania 1,283 1,233 1,342 1,630 1,630
21,119 Total 23,493 22,495 22,651 23,014 22,606
Domestic Consumption none
4,530 North America 4,602 4,303 4,507 4,524 4,451
1,515 South America 1,447 1,285 1,808 1,737 1,737
7,700 European Union - 28 8,075 7,730 7,480 7,800 7,700
474 Other Europe 434 434 447 456 456
5,531 Former Soviet Union - 12 6,031 6,531 5,701 5,726 5,726
215 Middle East 215 215 215 215 215
175 North Africa 164 163 196 200 200
72 Sub-Saharan Africa 95 94 85 105 105
730 East Asia 750 800 845 900 900
943 Oceania 978 985 1,059 1,280 1,280
21,885 Total 22,791 22,540 22,343 22,943 22,770
Ending Stocks none
974 North America 1,417 1,459 1,761 1,600 1,477
128 South America 129 106 150 147 150
901 European Union - 28 894 781 600 620 512
27 Other Europe 41 38 38 32 32
332 Former Soviet Union - 12 346 397 304 417 424
13 Middle East 8 6 6 6 6
1 North Africa 1 1 1 1 1
28 Sub-Saharan Africa 11 18 18 18 18
144 East Asia 138 149 125 76 76
60 Oceania 105 93 151 201 201
2,608 Total 3,090 3,048 3,154 3,118 2,897
NOTES: Regional definitions appear on last page of this circular. Imports are reported on a trade year basis. All other data are
reported using local marketing years.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA October 2016Office of Global Analysis
World Rye Trade
October/September Year, Thousand Metric Tons
2012/13 2013/14 2014/15 2015/16 2016/17
Sep
2016/17
Oct
none
TY Exports
5555525 Belarus
1501501008997178 Canada
150150160167201122 European Union
5050401218379 Russia
101020135916 Ukraine
000111 Others
365365325396446421 Subtotal
556367 United States
370370331399452428 World Total
none
TY Imports
757550969668 European Union
252515183334 Israel
202015223727 Japan
1010104812 Korea, South
20201551621 Norway
5555525 Russia
555669 Switzerland
0020614 Others
160160135162202200 Subtotal
1010-24-25467 Unaccounted
200200220262204221 United States
370370331399452428 World Total
TY=Trade Year, see Endnotes.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA October 2016Office of Global Analysis
World Rye Production, Consumption, and Stocks
Local Marketing Years, Thousand Metric Tons
2012/13 2013/14 2014/15 2015/16 2016/17
Sep
2016/17
Oct
none
Production
757561975240 Argentina
8008008008676481,082 Belarus
380380225218223337 Canada
8,1228,3497,8358,87310,1518,763 European Union
2,3002,3002,0843,2793,3602,132 Russia
350350350300365370 Turkey
375375394475638676 Ukraine
137133121144126146 Others
12,53912,76211,87014,25315,56313,546 Subtotal
342311295183194166 United States
12,88113,07312,16514,43615,75713,712 World Total
none
Total Consumption
757561975240 Argentina
252522191940 Australia
8508508008506501,000 Belarus
150150118134107127 Canada
8,5008,6008,1008,6009,6508,700 European Union
454537654050 Kazakhstan
323227202826 Norway
2,2502,2502,1753,2503,1002,000 Russia
350350350325350375 Turkey
350350415475625625 Ukraine
11611296102140132 Others
12,72412,82012,18513,94714,76613,146 Subtotal
554525515406424387 United States
13,27813,34512,70014,35315,19013,533 World Total
none
Ending Stocks
112112167172160167 Belarus
13113151424446 Canada
5676901,0201,3951,204795 European Union
444483 Kazakhstan
135135130264344153 Russia
141414143318 Turkey
959580106128166 Ukraine
112347 Others
1,0591,1821,4682,0001,9251,355 Subtotal
24221215710 United States
1,0831,2041,4802,0151,9321,365 World Total
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA October 2016Office of Global Analysis
Regional Rye Imports, Production, Consumption, and Stocks
Thousand Metric Tons
2012/13 2013/14 2014/15 2015/16
Sep
2016/17
Oct
2016/17
TY Imports none
221 North America 204 262 220 200 200
0 South America 0 0 0 0 0
68 European Union - 28 96 96 50 75 75
32 Other Europe 23 11 20 25 25
27 Former Soviet Union - 12 5 5 25 5 5
34 Middle East 33 24 15 25 25
0 Sub-Saharan Africa 0 0 0 0 0
39 East Asia 45 26 25 30 30
0 Oceania 0 0 0 0 0
421 Total 406 424 355 360 360
Production none
503 North America 417 401 520 691 722
47 South America 59 105 69 83 87
8,763 European Union - 28 10,151 8,873 7,835 8,349 8,122
46 Other Europe 53 52 51 52 52
3,940 Former Soviet Union - 12 4,689 4,682 3,315 3,520 3,520
370 Middle East 365 300 350 350 350
3 Sub-Saharan Africa 3 3 3 3 3
0 East Asia 0 0 0 0 0
40 Oceania 20 20 22 25 25
13,712 Total 15,757 14,436 12,165 13,073 12,881
Domestic Consumption none
514 North America 531 540 633 675 704
47 South America 59 105 69 83 87
8,700 European Union - 28 9,650 8,600 8,100 8,600 8,500
78 Other Europe 77 66 71 77 77
3,675 Former Soviet Union - 12 4,415 4,640 3,427 3,495 3,495
409 Middle East 383 343 365 375 375
2 Sub-Saharan Africa 3 3 3 3 3
37 East Asia 48 27 26 31 31
40 Oceania 19 19 22 25 25
13,502 Total 15,185 14,343 12,716 13,364 13,297
Ending Stocks none
56 North America 51 57 63 153 155
0 South America 0 0 0 0 0
795 European Union - 28 1,204 1,395 1,020 690 567
0 Other Europe 0 0 0 0 0
489 Former Soviet Union - 12 640 546 381 346 346
18 Middle East 33 14 14 14 14
0 Sub-Saharan Africa 0 0 0 0 0
7 East Asia 4 3 2 1 1
0 Oceania 0 0 0 0 0
1,365 Total 1,932 2,015 1,480 1,204 1,083
NOTES: Regional definitions appear on last page of this circular. Imports are reported on a trade year basis. All other data are
reported using local marketing years.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA October 2016Office of Global Analysis
35
HISTORICAL DATA SERIES FOR
SELECTED REGIONS AND
COUNTRIES
CONTENTS
European Union: Grain Supply and Demand ............................................... 36
China: Grain Supply and Demand ................................................................ 37
Other Europe: Grain Supply and Demand .................................................... 38
Former Soviet Union: Grain Supply and Demand ........................................ 39
Wheat Supply and Disappearance: Selected Exporters ................................ 43
Corn Supply and Disappearance: Selected Exporters ................................... 45
Barley Supply and Disappearance: Selected Exporters ................................ 47
Sorghum Supply and Disappearance: Selected Exporters ............................ 48
U.S. Grains: Supply and Distribution……………………………. .... ……..49
Total Wheat and Coarse Grains: Supply and Demand ................................. 50
World Wheat and Coarse Grains: Supply and Demand ............................... 51
World Corn and Barley: Supply and Demand .............................................. 52
World Rice: Supply and Demand ................................................................. 53
DG F/SA &F
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA October 2016Office of Global Analysis
European Union: Grain Supply and Demand
Wheat and Coarse Grains Millions of Metric Tons/Hectares
Area
Harvested
Yield Productio
n
Imports Exports Feed
Dom.
Domestic
Consumpti
Ending
Stocks
Wheat
132.9 128.263.015.76.85.126.0 2005/06 24.1
125.7 126.260.213.95.25.124.7 2006/07 14.8
120.8 117.252.412.46.84.924.9 2007/08 12.8
151.9 127.660.525.47.75.726.8 2008/09 19.4
139.7 125.657.522.35.45.426.0 2009/10 16.6
136.7 122.852.523.14.65.326.0 2010/11 11.9
138.2 127.257.516.77.45.325.8 2011/12 13.5
133.9 119.351.022.85.35.226.0 2012/13 10.7
144.6 117.349.032.04.05.625.9 2013/14 9.9
156.9 124.755.035.46.05.926.7 2014/15 12.7
160.0 131.061.034.76.96.026.8 2015/16 14.0
143.2 128.758.025.07.05.326.9 2016/17 10.5
Coarse Grains
149.7 150.9112.44.32.74.533.2 2005/06 22.8
140.3 150.9112.94.58.14.332.4 2006/07 15.7
138.8 157.2121.64.520.34.232.7 2007/08 13.1
165.2 154.5116.15.73.14.834.1 2008/09 21.3
158.0 152.8114.83.02.94.833.0 2009/10 26.3
143.2 155.0116.96.28.54.730.2 2010/11 16.9
150.1 151.7113.26.57.05.030.2 2011/12 15.7
146.2 153.3113.77.411.84.631.4 2012/13 13.1
159.2 164.4122.48.616.35.131.5 2013/14 15.6
170.9 162.6121.414.09.05.630.8 2014/15 18.8
151.8 157.0116.313.013.95.030.3 2015/16 14.6
151.8 160.5119.78.314.15.030.2 2016/17 11.7
Wheat and Coarse Grains
282.5 279.1175.420.09.44.859.2 2005/06 46.9
265.9 277.1173.118.513.24.757.1 2006/07 30.5
259.6 274.3174.116.927.14.557.5 2007/08 25.9
317.2 282.1176.631.110.85.260.9 2008/09 40.7
297.7 278.4172.325.38.25.059.0 2009/10 42.9
279.9 277.8169.429.313.15.056.3 2010/11 28.8
288.3 278.9170.723.314.35.156.1 2011/12 29.3
280.1 272.6164.730.217.14.957.4 2012/13 23.8
303.8 281.7171.440.720.35.357.4 2013/14 25.5
327.8 287.2176.449.414.95.757.5 2014/15 31.6
311.8 288.0177.347.620.85.557.1 2015/16 28.6
295.0 289.2177.733.321.15.257.1 2016/17 22.2
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA October 2016Office of Global Analysis
China: Grain Supply and Demand
Wheat and Coarse Grains Millions of Metric Tons/Hectares
Area
Harvested
Yield Productio
n
Imports Exports Feed
Dom.
Domestic
Consumpti
Ending
Stocks
Wheat
97.4 101.53.51.41.14.322.8 2005/06 34.5
108.5 102.04.02.80.44.623.6 2006/07 38.6
109.3 106.08.02.80.04.623.7 2007/08 39.1
112.5 105.58.00.70.54.823.6 2008/09 45.8
115.1 107.010.00.91.44.724.3 2009/10 54.4
115.2 110.513.00.90.94.724.3 2010/11 59.1
117.4 122.524.01.02.94.824.3 2011/12 55.9
121.0 125.025.01.03.05.024.3 2012/13 54.0
121.9 116.516.00.96.85.124.1 2013/14 65.3
126.2 116.516.00.81.95.224.1 2014/15 76.1
130.2 112.010.50.73.55.424.1 2015/16 97.0
128.0 117.015.00.83.55.324.3 2016/17 110.7
Coarse Grains
147.8 147.1103.53.82.35.128.8 2005/06 36.9
159.0 153.5105.05.51.25.131.1 2006/07 38.0
159.2 157.9106.70.91.25.031.9 2007/08 39.5
172.4 161.2109.10.21.75.432.2 2008/09 52.2
169.8 173.3119.10.23.85.133.4 2009/10 52.3
183.8 188.4128.80.22.75.334.6 2010/11 50.1
198.6 196.2132.00.17.95.635.5 2011/12 60.4
212.2 209.7146.10.15.65.737.1 2012/13 68.4
225.4 223.5157.80.012.45.938.3 2013/14 82.7
222.8 229.1158.80.025.75.739.2 2014/15 102.0
231.8 238.9166.80.017.45.840.2 2015/16 112.2
223.7 245.2170.00.013.75.938.1 2016/17 104.4
Wheat and Coarse Grains
245.3 248.6107.05.23.44.851.6 2005/06 71.4
267.4 255.5109.08.21.54.954.7 2006/07 76.6
268.5 263.9114.73.71.24.855.6 2007/08 78.6
284.9 266.7117.10.92.15.155.8 2008/09 98.0
284.9 280.3129.11.15.24.957.6 2009/10 106.7
299.0 298.9141.81.13.65.158.9 2010/11 109.2
316.0 318.7156.01.110.95.359.8 2011/12 116.3
333.2 334.7171.11.18.65.461.3 2012/13 122.3
347.3 340.0173.80.919.25.662.4 2013/14 147.9
349.0 345.6174.80.827.65.563.3 2014/15 178.1
362.0 350.9177.30.820.85.664.3 2015/16 209.3
351.7 362.2185.00.817.25.662.4 2016/17 215.2
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA October 2016Office of Global Analysis
Other Europe: Grain Supply and Demand
Wheat and Coarse Grains Millions of Metric Tons/Hectares
Area
Harvested
Yield Productio
n
Imports Exports Feed
Dom.
Domestic
Consumpti
Ending
Stocks
Wheat
3.8 5.10.90.21.43.81.0 2005/06 1.1
3.5 4.60.70.31.53.61.0 2006/07 1.2
3.7 4.81.00.51.93.81.0 2007/08 1.5
4.0 5.11.20.41.74.40.9 2008/09 1.7
3.8 4.91.00.51.73.91.0 2009/10 1.7
3.2 4.70.80.61.73.70.9 2010/11 1.3
3.6 4.91.00.51.94.20.9 2011/12 1.4
3.4 4.71.00.71.64.00.9 2012/13 1.1
4.1 4.81.11.31.94.50.9 2013/14 0.9
3.9 4.91.10.71.84.01.0 2014/15 1.1
4.1 4.91.21.01.84.50.9 2015/16 1.1
4.6 5.11.41.41.84.71.0 2016/17 1.0
Coarse Grains
10.1 9.78.51.30.64.82.1 2005/06 1.3
9.8 9.68.50.90.84.92.0 2006/07 1.3
6.9 7.96.80.10.93.42.0 2007/08 1.1
9.7 8.77.61.50.64.62.1 2008/09 1.1
9.7 8.77.51.40.74.92.0 2009/10 1.4
10.0 8.77.32.00.75.02.0 2010/11 1.5
9.5 8.47.02.30.84.62.1 2011/12 1.0
6.6 7.15.90.60.73.22.1 2012/13 0.6
8.8 7.76.31.90.94.42.0 2013/14 0.8
10.6 8.06.73.10.85.71.9 2014/15 1.1
8.9 8.26.91.70.84.91.8 2015/16 0.9
10.0 8.36.92.30.95.41.9 2016/17 1.3
Wheat and Coarse Grains
13.9 14.89.41.42.04.53.1 2005/06 2.4
13.3 14.29.21.22.34.53.0 2006/07 2.5
10.6 12.67.80.62.73.53.0 2007/08 2.6
13.7 13.88.81.92.34.63.0 2008/09 2.8
13.5 13.78.51.92.44.53.0 2009/10 3.2
13.2 13.48.12.62.44.62.9 2010/11 2.7
13.1 13.28.12.82.74.52.9 2011/12 2.5
10.0 11.87.01.32.43.42.9 2012/13 1.7
12.9 12.57.43.12.74.52.9 2013/14 1.7
14.6 12.97.83.72.55.12.8 2014/15 2.2
13.0 13.18.12.62.74.82.7 2015/16 2.1
14.6 13.48.33.62.75.12.8 2016/17 2.3
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA October 2016Office of Global Analysis
Former Soviet Union: Grain Supply and Demand
Wheat and Coarse Grains Millions of Metric Tons/Hectares
Area
Harvested
Yield Productio
n
Imports Exports Feed
Dom.
Domestic
Consumpti
Ending
Stocks
Wheat
81.0 75.624.413.95.51.845.8 2010/11 23.1
115.0 80.028.439.78.02.349.7 2011/12 26.4
77.8 71.721.625.57.21.844.0 2012/13 14.2
103.9 72.822.737.37.52.247.7 2013/14 15.6
112.7 75.924.740.27.72.446.7 2014/15 20.0
117.7 77.925.751.57.42.449.0 2015/16 15.7
131.4 79.627.154.67.52.649.8 2016/17 20.4
Coarse Grains
47.5 41.828.48.81.12.221.9 2010/11 5.5
78.6 54.438.624.71.02.927.0 2011/12 6.1
68.2 50.235.619.90.72.527.5 2012/13 5.0
87.8 55.740.030.80.83.029.4 2013/14 7.0
91.6 58.142.133.90.83.030.2 2014/15 7.4
82.8 55.340.230.90.62.928.2 2015/16 4.6
88.9 56.841.432.70.73.228.0 2016/17 4.7
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA October 2016Office of Global Analysis
Millions of Tons/Hectares
Former Soviet Union: Grain Supply and Demand (Wheat)
Area
Harvested
Ending
Stocks
Total
Consumpti
Feed and
Residual
MY
Exports
MY
Imports
Productio
n
YieldCountry Mktg Year
Former Soviet Union - 12
Kazakhstan
13.9 6.82.08.10.01.113.0 2013/14 2.0
13.0 6.82.05.50.61.111.9 2014/15 3.2
13.7 6.92.17.60.11.211.6 2015/16 2.6
16.5 7.02.28.50.11.412.0 2016/17 3.6
Russia
52.1 34.112.518.60.92.223.4 2013/14 5.2
59.1 35.513.022.80.32.523.6 2014/15 6.3
61.0 37.014.025.50.82.425.6 2015/16 5.6
72.0 38.515.530.00.52.726.6 2016/17 9.6
Ukraine
22.3 11.53.49.80.13.46.6 2013/14 3.7
24.8 12.04.011.30.03.96.3 2014/15 5.2
27.3 12.54.517.40.03.87.1 2015/16 2.5
27.0 12.04.015.50.14.26.5 2016/17 2.1
Uzbekistan
6.8 8.41.90.32.24.91.4 2013/14 1.9
7.2 8.92.20.22.25.11.4 2014/15 2.2
7.2 9.42.30.22.75.11.4 2015/16 2.5
7.2 9.72.40.22.75.11.4 2016/17 2.5
Other Former Soviet Union - 12
8.8 12.02.90.54.32.63.4 2013/14 2.9
8.8 12.73.50.44.52.63.4 2014/15 3.1
8.5 12.22.90.73.82.53.4 2015/16 2.5
8.7 12.43.00.44.22.63.3 2016/17 2.6
Total Former Soviet Union - 12
103.9 72.822.737.37.52.247.7 2013/14 15.6
112.7 75.924.740.27.72.446.7 2014/15 20.0
117.7 77.925.751.57.42.449.0 2015/16 15.7
131.4 79.627.154.67.52.649.8 2016/17 20.4
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA October 2016Office of Global Analysis
Millions of Tons/Hectares
Former Soviet Union: Grain Supply and Demand (Barley)
Area
Harvested
Ending
Stocks
Total
Consumpti
Feed and
Residual
MY
Exports
MY
Imports
Productio
n
YieldCountry Mktg Year
Former Soviet Union - 12
Kazakhstan
2.5 2.01.70.40.01.41.8 2013/14 0.3
2.4 2.01.70.50.01.31.9 2014/15 0.2
2.7 2.01.70.80.01.32.0 2015/16 0.1
2.7 2.01.70.70.01.51.9 2016/17 0.1
Russia
15.4 12.78.32.70.21.98.0 2013/14 0.9
20.0 14.19.25.30.02.38.8 2014/15 1.5
17.1 13.68.94.20.12.18.0 2015/16 0.8
18.0 13.99.14.00.12.38.0 2016/17 1.0
Ukraine
7.6 5.03.52.50.02.33.2 2013/14 1.0
9.5 4.73.24.50.03.03.2 2014/15 1.3
8.8 4.73.24.40.02.93.0 2015/16 0.9
9.7 4.93.45.00.03.23.1 2016/17 0.7
Uzbekistan
0.2 0.30.20.00.03.20.1 2013/14 0.0
0.2 0.30.20.00.13.20.1 2014/15 0.0
0.2 0.30.20.00.03.20.1 2015/16 0.0
0.2 0.30.30.00.13.20.1 2016/17 0.0
Other Former Soviet Union - 12
3.4 3.52.70.00.12.61.3 2013/14 0.4
3.4 3.62.80.10.22.71.3 2014/15 0.3
3.6 3.62.80.10.12.71.3 2015/16 0.3
3.8 3.82.90.10.12.71.4 2016/17 0.3
Total Former Soviet Union - 12
29.2 23.516.45.60.32.014.5 2013/14 2.6
35.6 24.717.110.30.32.315.3 2014/15 3.4
32.3 24.216.89.60.22.214.5 2015/16 2.1
34.4 24.917.49.80.22.414.4 2016/17 2.1
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA October 2016Office of Global Analysis
Millions of Tons/Hectares
Former Soviet Union: Grain Supply and Demand (Corn)
Area
Harvested
Ending
Stocks
Total
Consumpti
Feed and
Residual
MY
Exports
MY
Imports
Productio
n
YieldCountry Mktg Year
Former Soviet Union - 12
Kazakhstan
0.6 0.60.50.00.05.30.1 2013/14 0.0
0.7 0.60.50.00.05.30.1 2014/15 0.1
0.7 0.70.60.00.05.30.1 2015/16 0.2
0.7 0.70.60.10.05.40.1 2016/17 0.1
Russia
11.6 7.56.64.20.15.02.3 2013/14 0.3
11.3 8.17.23.20.04.42.6 2014/15 0.3
13.2 8.98.04.40.14.92.7 2015/16 0.3
14.0 9.58.64.50.15.02.8 2016/17 0.3
Ukraine
30.9 9.78.320.00.16.44.8 2013/14 2.4
28.5 9.48.019.70.06.24.6 2014/15 1.8
23.3 8.06.716.50.05.74.1 2015/16 0.7
26.0 8.36.917.70.16.14.3 2016/17 0.7
Uzbekistan
0.1 0.10.10.00.03.40.0 2013/14 0.0
0.1 0.20.10.00.03.40.0 2014/15 0.0
0.1 0.10.10.00.03.40.0 2015/16 0.0
0.1 0.10.10.00.03.40.0 2016/17 0.0
Other Former Soviet Union - 12
3.7 3.22.90.60.33.81.0 2013/14 0.6
3.2 3.22.90.30.43.70.9 2014/15 0.8
3.1 3.33.00.10.33.20.9 2015/16 0.6
3.2 3.22.90.30.33.70.9 2016/17 0.6
Total Former Soviet Union - 12
46.9 21.118.424.80.45.78.3 2013/14 3.4
43.8 21.518.823.20.55.38.3 2014/15 3.0
40.4 21.018.421.10.45.17.9 2015/16 1.7
44.1 21.919.122.60.45.48.1 2016/17 1.8
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA October 2016Office of Global Analysis
Million Metric Tons/Hectares
Wheat Supply and Disappearance: Selected Exporters
Area
Harvested
Ending
Stocks
Total
Consumpti
Feed and
Residual
MY
Exports
MY
Imports
Productio
n
YieldCountry Mktg Year
Wheat Competitors
Argentina
9.3 6.20.33.60.02.63.6 2012/13 0.3
10.5 6.10.12.30.03.03.5 2013/14 2.5
13.9 6.40.35.30.02.85.0 2014/15 4.8
11.3 6.20.19.10.02.93.9 2015/16 0.9
14.4 6.30.18.00.03.04.8 2016/17 1.0
Australia
22.9 6.73.418.60.11.813.0 2012/13 4.7
25.3 7.03.618.60.22.012.6 2013/14 4.6
23.9 7.23.816.60.21.912.4 2014/15 4.8
24.5 7.23.816.00.21.912.8 2015/16 6.3
28.3 7.54.020.50.22.212.9 2016/17 6.8
Canada
27.2 9.64.319.00.52.99.5 2012/13 5.1
37.5 9.44.223.30.43.610.4 2013/14 10.4
29.4 9.13.824.20.53.19.5 2014/15 7.1
27.6 7.82.622.10.52.99.6 2015/16 5.2
31.5 9.24.022.00.53.49.3 2016/17 6.0
European Union
133.9 119.351.022.85.35.226.0 2012/13 10.7
144.6 117.349.032.04.05.625.9 2013/14 9.9
156.9 124.755.035.46.05.926.7 2014/15 12.7
160.0 131.061.034.76.96.026.8 2015/16 14.0
143.2 128.758.025.07.05.326.9 2016/17 10.5
Kazakhstan
9.8 6.82.06.30.00.812.4 2012/13 2.9
13.9 6.82.08.10.01.113.0 2013/14 2.0
13.0 6.82.05.50.61.111.9 2014/15 3.2
13.7 6.92.17.60.11.211.6 2015/16 2.6
16.5 7.02.28.50.11.412.0 2016/17 3.6
Russia
37.7 33.611.911.31.21.821.3 2012/13 4.9
52.1 34.112.518.60.92.223.4 2013/14 5.2
59.1 35.513.022.80.32.523.6 2014/15 6.3
61.0 37.014.025.50.82.425.6 2015/16 5.6
72.0 38.515.530.00.52.726.6 2016/17 9.6
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA October 2016Office of Global Analysis
Million Metric Tons/Hectares
Wheat Supply and Disappearance: Selected Exporters (Continued)
Area
Harvested
Ending
Stocks
Total
Consumpti
Feed and
Residual
MY
Exports
MY
Imports
Productio
n
YieldCountry Mktg Year
Ukraine
15.8 11.43.17.20.02.85.6 2012/13 2.6
22.3 11.53.49.80.13.46.6 2013/14 3.7
24.8 12.04.011.30.03.96.3 2014/15 5.2
27.3 12.54.517.40.03.87.1 2015/16 2.5
27.0 12.04.015.50.14.26.5 2016/17 2.1
Total Wheat Competitors
256.6 193.576.088.77.12.891.4 2012/13 31.2
306.2 192.174.8112.65.53.295.4 2013/14 38.2
321.0 201.681.9121.17.63.495.4 2014/15 44.1
325.5 208.688.1132.58.53.397.4 2015/16 37.0
332.9 209.287.8129.58.33.499.0 2016/17 39.5
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA October 2016Office of Global Analysis
Million Metric Tons/Hectares
Corn Supply and Disappearance: Selected Exporters
Area
Harvested
Ending
Stocks
Total
Consumpti
Feed and
Residual
MY
Exports
MY
Imports
Productio
n
YieldCountry Mktg Year
Argentina
15.5 6.44.510.30.06.22.5 2008/09 0.9
25.0 6.95.016.50.08.33.0 2009/10 2.5
25.2 7.35.316.30.06.73.8 2010/11 4.0
21.0 7.04.817.10.05.83.6 2011/12 0.9
27.0 7.95.318.70.06.84.0 2012/13 1.3
26.0 8.85.817.10.07.63.4 2013/14 1.4
28.7 9.36.018.90.08.23.5 2014/15 1.9
28.0 9.36.019.50.08.03.5 2015/16 1.1
36.5 10.56.825.00.08.14.5 2016/17 2.1
Brazil
51.0 45.538.57.11.13.614.1 2008/09 10.1
56.1 48.541.511.60.44.312.9 2009/10 6.5
57.4 50.043.08.40.84.213.8 2010/11 6.3
73.0 51.544.024.30.84.815.2 2011/12 4.2
81.5 52.544.524.90.95.215.8 2012/13 9.2
80.0 55.046.021.00.85.115.8 2013/14 14.0
85.0 57.048.034.50.35.415.8 2014/15 7.8
67.0 55.346.816.52.34.216.0 2015/16 5.3
83.5 58.049.025.50.65.116.4 2016/17 5.9
China
165.9 153.0108.00.20.05.629.9 2008/09 51.2
164.0 165.0118.00.21.35.331.2 2009/10 51.3
177.2 180.0128.00.11.05.532.5 2010/11 49.4
192.8 188.0131.00.15.25.733.5 2011/12 59.3
205.6 200.0144.00.12.75.935.0 2012/13 67.6
218.5 208.0150.00.03.36.036.3 2013/14 81.3
215.6 202.0140.00.05.55.837.1 2014/15 100.5
224.6 217.5153.50.03.25.938.1 2015/16 110.7
216.0 226.0159.00.03.06.036.0 2016/17 103.7
South Africa
12.6 10.34.71.70.04.32.9 2008/09 2.0
13.4 10.64.92.10.04.13.3 2009/10 2.8
10.9 10.75.02.40.43.82.9 2010/11 1.0
12.8 10.75.01.80.04.13.1 2011/12 1.3
12.4 11.05.12.10.13.83.2 2012/13 0.7
14.9 11.55.52.00.14.93.1 2013/14 2.2
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA October 2016Office of Global Analysis
Million Metric Tons/Hectares
Corn Supply and Disappearance: Selected Exporters (Continued)
Area
Harvested
Ending
Stocks
Total
Consumpti
Feed and
Residual
MY
Exports
MY
Imports
Productio
n
YieldCountry Mktg Year
10.6 11.76.20.72.03.53.0 2014/15 2.4
7.9 11.25.70.73.03.62.2 2015/16 1.4
13.0 11.35.61.50.54.13.2 2016/17 2.1
Total Corn Competitors
245.0 215.2155.719.31.25.049.4 2008/09 64.2
258.5 231.0169.430.31.75.150.4 2009/10 63.0
270.8 248.0181.327.32.25.152.9 2010/11 60.7
299.5 257.2184.843.46.05.455.5 2011/12 65.7
326.5 271.4198.945.83.75.658.1 2012/13 78.7
339.4 283.3207.340.04.15.858.6 2013/14 98.9
340.0 280.0200.254.17.85.759.4 2014/15 112.7
327.5 293.3212.036.78.55.559.8 2015/16 118.6
349.0 305.8220.452.04.15.860.1 2016/17 113.9
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA October 2016Office of Global Analysis
Million Metric Tons/Hectares
Barley Supply and Disappearance: Selected Exporters
Area
Harvested
Ending
Stocks
Total
Consumpti
Feed and
Residual
MY
Exports
MY
Imports
Productio
n
YieldCountry Mktg Year
Australia
8.0 4.02.93.20.01.65.0 2008/09 2.4
7.9 4.53.33.90.01.84.4 2009/10 1.9
8.0 4.23.04.70.02.23.7 2010/11 1.0
8.2 3.32.15.40.02.23.7 2011/12 0.5
7.5 3.01.84.50.02.13.6 2012/13 0.5
9.2 2.81.56.20.02.43.8 2013/14 0.7
8.6 3.01.75.20.02.14.1 2014/15 1.1
8.6 3.01.75.50.02.14.1 2015/16 1.2
9.9 3.01.76.70.02.44.1 2016/17 1.4
Canada
11.8 8.97.61.50.03.43.5 2008/09 3.0
9.5 8.77.51.30.03.32.9 2009/10 2.5
7.6 7.56.31.20.03.22.4 2010/11 1.5
7.9 6.95.71.30.03.32.4 2011/12 1.2
8.0 6.85.71.40.02.92.8 2012/13 1.0
10.2 7.76.51.60.03.92.7 2013/14 2.0
7.1 6.55.31.50.13.32.1 2014/15 1.2
8.2 7.05.81.20.23.52.4 2015/16 1.4
8.5 7.05.81.50.13.72.3 2016/17 1.6
European Union
65.8 57.341.73.60.34.514.6 2008/09 11.0
62.4 56.841.71.10.14.514.0 2009/10 15.6
53.7 56.641.34.90.24.312.5 2010/11 7.9
51.9 51.235.83.00.54.311.9 2011/12 6.1
54.9 51.035.55.00.14.412.5 2012/13 5.0
59.7 53.438.05.70.04.812.4 2013/14 5.6
60.7 50.935.59.50.14.912.4 2014/15 5.9
61.5 51.736.310.80.35.012.2 2015/16 5.2
59.6 54.138.76.20.44.812.5 2016/17 4.9
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA October 2016Office of Global Analysis
Million Metric Tons/Hectares
Sorghum Supply and Disappearance: Selected Exporters
Area
Harvested
Ending
Stocks
Total
Consumpti
Feed and
Residual
MY
Exports
MY
Imports
Productio
n
YieldCountry Mktg Year
Argentina
1.7 1.11.01.10.03.70.5 2008/09 0.2
3.6 1.91.71.80.04.80.8 2009/10 0.2
4.4 1.91.71.70.04.41.0 2010/11 0.9
4.2 1.91.73.10.04.21.0 2011/12 0.2
4.7 2.32.01.80.04.51.1 2012/13 0.8
4.4 2.72.31.30.04.41.0 2013/14 1.2
3.5 2.82.40.90.04.50.8 2014/15 1.0
3.4 2.82.40.70.04.50.8 2015/16 0.8
3.4 3.02.60.90.04.50.8 2016/17 0.4
Australia
2.7 1.81.81.00.03.50.8 2008/09 0.7
1.5 1.21.20.30.03.00.5 2009/10 0.7
1.9 1.41.40.90.03.10.6 2010/11 0.4
2.2 1.11.11.30.03.40.7 2011/12 0.2
2.2 1.11.11.20.03.40.6 2012/13 0.2
1.3 0.90.90.40.02.40.5 2013/14 0.2
2.2 0.50.51.60.03.00.7 2014/15 0.2
2.0 1.11.11.00.03.00.7 2015/16 0.2
2.2 1.21.20.90.03.10.7 2016/17 0.3
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA October 2016Office of Global Analysis
U.S. Grains Supply and Distribution: Wheat, Corn, Sorghum, Barley, Oats, Rye, and Rice
Thousand Metric Tons/Hectares
Area
Harvested
Yield Rough
Production
Production Imports TY Imports Exports TY Exports Feed Dom.
Consumption
Domestic
Consumption
Ending
Stocks
Wheat
20,47731,3343,09422,99923,5183,9644,11755,147nr318,771 2014/15
26,55432,0194,13421,85621,0943,0563,07356,117nr319,149 2015/16
30,98135,2997,07626,00026,5353,4003,40262,859nr417,762 2016/17
Corn
43,974301,792134,98246,83147,421809804361,091nr1133,644 2014/15
44,141298,831131,87550,50048,2021,7151,714345,486nr1132,678 2015/16
58,935312,434143,51756,50056,5181,2501,270382,476nr1135,141 2016/17
Sorghum
4682,4592,0789,2698,935271010,988nr42,590 2014/15
9316,2122,6128,0008,60010011715,158nr53,177 2015/16
1,1245,3352,2866,3006,350252511,853nr52,446 2016/17
Barley
1,7114,2359362913114305133,953nr41,011 2014/15
2,2234,4061,0851752353804034,750nr41,278 2015/16
2,1424,6371,3062602184004354,339nr41,035 2016/17
Oats
7802,4471,33029271,7671,8761,019nr2419 2014/15
8252,7011,58235291,5301,4751,300nr3516 2015/16
6762,6111,47930291,5001,551940nr2397 2016/17
Rye
1540616436262237183nr2104 2014/15
1251527065220222295nr2148 2015/16
2455430656200230342nr2168 2016/17
Rice, Milled
1,5524,301nr3,3553,0617587837,10610,07981,187 2014/15
1,4753,529nr3,4503,4217657666,1078,72481,042 2015/16
1,9354,223nr3,5503,5567757467,49310,70481,268 2016/17
Notes: Wheat Trade Year (TY) statistics are on July/June years. Barley, corn, sorghum, rye and oats Trade Year (TY)
statistics are on Oct/Sept years. Rice Trade Year (TY) statistics are for the subsequent calendar year; 'Imports' and
'Exports' columns contain data on the local marketing year: wheat, barley, oats and rye are June/May; corn and
sorghum are Sept/Aug; rice is Aug/July.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA October 2016Office of Global Analysis
Total Wheat and Coarse Grains: Supply and Demand
Millions of Metric Tons/Hectares
Area
Harvested
Yield Productio
n
TY
Exports
Feed
Dom.
Domestic
Consumpti
Ending
Stocks
Wheat and Coarse Grains
1,285.9 422.81,329.8656.6202.22.4544.3 1987/88
1,218.1 339.11,301.8619.5203.32.2541.9 1988/89
1,327.4 320.31,346.2644.5208.92.4548.2 1989/90
1,417.5 368.31,369.6669.8190.12.6545.6 1990/91
1,355.5 357.91,365.9653.5207.52.5543.3 1991/92
1,431.6 398.51,388.2664.1205.22.6545.9 1992/93
1,356.5 366.01,389.0657.1188.22.5536.0 1993/94
1,393.0 363.21,395.7670.5200.12.6534.1 1994/95
1,338.9 320.31,381.8641.8187.52.5527.2 1995/96
1,490.1 368.71,441.6674.6198.32.7545.7 1996/97
1,490.6 416.11,443.2685.6190.42.8535.2 1997/98
1,481.3 449.01,448.4685.4198.72.8520.2 1998/99
1,465.6 444.11,469.9690.4214.02.9506.2 1999/00
1,446.8 418.71,472.2700.4204.92.8509.3 2000/01
1,480.1 403.21,495.7713.6208.32.9511.7 2001/02
1,445.0 341.81,506.4711.6209.22.9504.7 2002/03
1,473.0 279.11,535.7717.9205.82.9511.2 2003/04
1,643.0 335.71,586.3756.2214.43.2514.8 2004/05
1,600.1 318.51,617.3758.1222.53.1517.5 2005/06
1,584.9 273.01,630.5749.6229.93.1519.1 2006/07
1,691.9 289.21,675.6764.2244.73.2534.5 2007/08
1,792.0 359.51,721.8773.8253.63.3539.5 2008/09
1,804.1 395.91,767.6782.2254.13.4533.6 2009/10
1,747.8 359.71,784.0773.6250.13.3523.5 2010/11
1,853.4 359.81,853.3807.8287.13.4537.8 2011/12
1,794.8 340.81,813.8807.6279.53.4532.2 2012/13
1,995.2 405.61,930.4861.3327.43.7540.6 2013/14
2,034.6 462.21,978.1884.6335.33.7546.9 2014/15
1,982.8 486.01,959.0900.5356.83.6545.6 2015/16
2,059.2 497.62,047.6935.3350.73.8543.2 2016/17
Notes: Wheat and coarse grains trade data are on July/June years through 1975/76. From 1976/77 to
the present, coarse grains data are on an Oct/Sept trade year.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA October 2016Office of Global Analysis
World Wheat and Coarse Grains: Supply and Demand
Millions of Metric Tons/Hectares
Area
Harvested
Yield Productio
n
TY
Exports
Feed
Dom.
Domestic
Consumpti
Ending
Stocks
Wheat
523.1 164.7541.7103.0101.52.5213.4 1994/95
537.5 156.6545.696.999.22.5216.7 1995/96
581.3 165.3572.6101.4104.02.6227.1 1996/97
610.2 199.0576.5106.2104.52.7226.4 1997/98
590.5 210.5579.0109.4102.02.7219.2 1998/99
587.5 210.3587.6104.6111.92.8212.7 1999/00
583.3 206.5587.1111.2102.12.7215.6 2000/01
583.9 203.7586.6112.0107.92.7214.5 2001/02
569.7 169.5603.9116.1106.52.7213.9 2002/03
555.3 135.9588.9101.7103.52.7208.0 2003/04
626.8 156.4606.3110.7113.22.9215.8 2004/05
618.8 153.4621.8117.7114.12.8217.5 2005/06
596.7 133.6616.5113.1115.32.8212.3 2006/07
611.7 128.0617.3104.6116.02.8216.9 2007/08
683.7 168.9642.8124.0143.23.1224.1 2008/09
687.0 202.9653.0122.3135.33.0225.6 2009/10
649.3 198.4653.9116.8134.13.0216.9 2010/11
696.9 197.6697.7148.7153.73.2220.9 2011/12
658.3 176.8679.1138.2147.33.1215.8 2012/13
715.0 194.0697.9126.6162.53.3219.6 2013/14
728.3 216.1706.1131.8161.83.3221.6 2014/15
735.0 239.7711.4137.1172.23.3224.9 2015/16
744.4 248.4735.7144.9173.53.4221.4 2016/17
Coarse Grains
869.8 198.5854.0567.698.62.7320.8 1994/95
801.4 163.7836.2544.988.32.6310.5 1995/96
908.7 203.5869.0573.294.32.9318.6 1996/97
880.4 217.1866.7579.485.82.9308.8 1997/98
890.8 238.6869.4575.996.73.0301.0 1998/99
878.1 233.8882.3585.8102.13.0293.5 1999/00
863.5 212.3885.1589.2102.82.9293.7 2000/01
896.3 199.5909.0601.5100.43.0297.2 2001/02
875.3 172.3902.5595.5102.73.0290.9 2002/03
917.7 143.1946.8616.2102.33.0303.3 2003/04
1,016.2 179.4980.0645.4101.23.4299.0 2004/05
981.3 165.1995.6640.4108.43.3300.0 2005/06
988.2 139.41,013.9636.5114.53.2306.8 2006/07
1,080.2 161.21,058.3659.6128.73.4317.6 2007/08
1,108.3 190.61,079.0649.7110.43.5315.4 2008/09
1,117.0 193.01,114.7659.9118.83.6308.0 2009/10
1,098.5 161.41,130.1656.8116.03.6306.6 2010/11
1,156.5 162.31,155.6659.1133.43.6316.9 2011/12
1,136.5 164.01,134.7669.3132.23.6316.4 2012/13
1,280.1 211.71,232.5734.7164.94.0321.0 2013/14
1,306.4 246.11,272.0752.8173.54.0325.3 2014/15
1,247.8 246.41,247.5763.3184.73.9320.6 2015/16
1,314.8 249.31,311.9790.3177.24.1321.8 2016/17
Notes: Wheat and coarse grains trade data are on July/June years through 1975/76. From 1976/77 to
the present, coarse grains data are on an Oct/Sept trade year.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA October 2016Office of Global Analysis
World Corn and Barley: Supply and Demand
Millions of Metric Tons/Hectares
Area
Harvested
Yield Productio
n
TY
Exports
Feed
Dom.
Domestic
Consumpti
Ending
Stocks
Corn
559.6 153.3535.7371.671.94.1135.2 1994/95
516.7 133.3536.8365.264.83.8135.0 1995/96
592.9 166.3559.9387.866.64.2141.5 1996/97
574.1 167.2573.3400.663.14.2136.2 1997/98
605.8 191.4581.6404.468.74.4138.9 1998/99
608.1 194.4605.1422.572.04.4138.9 1999/00
591.7 175.3610.8427.375.94.3137.1 2000/01
601.8 151.5625.6436.372.74.4137.1 2001/02
603.8 126.8628.5433.476.84.4137.8 2002/03
627.6 104.6649.9445.779.04.4141.7 2003/04
717.1 131.1690.6475.976.04.9145.4 2004/05
700.9 123.5708.5479.582.54.8145.4 2005/06
716.6 108.8731.3480.391.34.8150.5 2006/07
795.7 127.9776.7501.398.25.0160.3 2007/08
800.1 143.5784.4481.983.65.0158.8 2008/09
825.2 140.9827.8492.792.75.2158.4 2009/10
835.9 123.6853.2503.591.75.1164.6 2010/11
889.8 128.3885.0508.5103.75.2172.1 2011/12
869.8 133.3864.8518.9100.54.9177.6 2012/13
990.8 175.3948.8571.9130.45.5180.3 2013/14
1,014.4 208.9980.8585.6128.05.6179.7 2014/15
959.1 210.1958.0598.5143.05.4177.4 2015/16
1,025.7 216.81,018.9624.2139.35.7180.2 2016/17
Barley
160.7 30.0165.6120.915.32.272.2 1994/95
141.2 20.5150.7107.813.42.166.4 1995/96
153.2 24.1149.5106.317.92.464.3 1996/97
153.9 32.2145.8104.112.82.463.8 1997/98
136.0 29.0139.399.517.82.456.7 1998/99
127.4 23.9132.594.017.82.452.1 1999/00
133.0 22.6134.394.616.32.552.9 2000/01
143.4 29.2136.895.517.22.655.7 2001/02
134.3 27.6135.994.716.32.554.7 2002/03
142.7 23.5146.8103.114.82.458.4 2003/04
152.1 33.1142.5100.017.02.757.4 2004/05
136.2 28.3141.097.317.42.555.2 2005/06
136.8 21.5143.698.414.62.456.3 2006/07
132.7 20.6133.791.018.52.455.7 2007/08
155.0 31.7143.8100.418.22.855.0 2008/09
150.9 37.4145.2101.417.32.854.2 2009/10
123.0 24.3136.191.315.22.647.1 2010/11
133.3 22.7135.091.721.42.749.2 2011/12
128.8 20.4131.188.622.22.649.9 2012/13
144.3 23.9140.897.223.82.850.7 2013/14
141.8 24.1141.597.430.12.949.6 2014/15
148.8 25.4147.5100.028.73.050.2 2015/16
143.8 22.8146.3100.626.82.948.9 2016/17
Notes: Coarse grains trade data are on July/June years through 1975/76. From 1976/77 to the present,
coarse grains data are on an Oct/Sept trade year.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA October 2016Office of Global Analysis
World Rice: Supply and Demand
Millions of Metric Tons/Hectares
Area
Harvested
Yield Rough
Productio
Productio
n
TY
Exports
Domestic
Consumpti
Ending
Stocks
Rice, Milled
464.8 105.3313.111.4315.13.3141.4 1987/88
490.8 111.7325.714.0332.13.3146.6 1988/89
510.4 120.6336.311.7345.33.5147.8 1989/90
519.4 126.7345.312.3351.43.5147.0 1990/91
522.8 126.7353.214.4353.23.5147.5 1991/92
524.2 123.2357.514.9354.03.6146.5 1992/93
526.1 119.0358.916.6354.73.6145.3 1993/94
540.0 117.6365.520.8364.13.7147.3 1994/95
547.3 118.1368.319.7368.83.7148.4 1995/96
563.8 120.3378.218.9380.43.8150.2 1996/97
575.3 127.7380.027.6387.43.8151.7 1997/98
587.0 134.0388.624.8394.93.8153.3 1998/99
608.8 143.1400.322.8409.33.9155.9 1999/00
594.1 146.7395.624.3399.23.9152.8 2000/01
594.3 132.9413.227.9399.53.9151.6 2001/02
563.0 103.0408.127.6378.23.8147.7 2002/03
585.4 81.7413.827.3392.53.9149.5 2003/04
596.4 74.0408.528.9400.83.9151.4 2004/05
622.2 76.5415.429.0417.84.0154.2 2005/06
625.0 75.4421.231.8420.14.1154.3 2006/07
643.5 80.8428.129.5433.64.2155.0 2007/08
668.7 92.6437.529.4449.34.2158.3 2008/09
656.2 95.0438.331.8440.74.2155.9 2009/10
672.1 100.0445.336.5450.44.2158.4 2010/11
697.2 106.8460.840.0467.64.3160.6 2011/12
704.5 113.9465.539.5472.54.4159.1 2012/13
713.4 114.0478.344.1478.44.4161.8 2013/14
713.8 114.6478.142.7478.74.4161.2 2014/15
703.8 115.6471.140.4472.14.4159.2 2015/16
720.5 120.7478.241.1483.34.4162.2 2016/17
Notes: Stocks, exports and consumption are expressed on a milled basis in marketing years.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA October 2016Office of Global Analysis
54
ENDNOTES TO GRAIN: WORLD MARKETS AND TRADE
REGIONAL TABLES
North America: Canada, Mexico, the United States.
Central America: Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama.
Caribbean: Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, Aruba, Bahamas, Barbados, Bermuda, British
Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, Cuba, Dominica, Dominican Republic, French West Indies,
Grenada, Guadeloupe, Haiti, Jamaica and Dep, Leeward-Windward Islands, Martinique,
Montserrat, Netherlands Antilles, Puerto Rico, Kitts and Nevis, St. Lucia, St. Vincent and the
Grenadines, Trinidad and Tobago, Turks and Caicos Islands, Virgin Islands of the U.S.
South America: Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Falkland Islands (Islas
Malvinas), French Guiana, Guyana, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, Uruguay, Venezuela.
EU: Austria, Belgium/Luxembourg, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark,
Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta,
Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, United Kingdom.
Other Europe: Albania, Azores, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Former Yugoslavia, Gibraltar,
Iceland, Macedonia, Montenegro, Norway, Serbia, Switzerland.
Former Soviet Union: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan,
Moldova, Russia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Uzbekistan.
Middle East: Bahrain, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia,
Syria, Turkey, United Arab Emirates, Yemen.
North Africa: Algeria, Egypt, Libya, Morocco, Tunisia.
Sub-Saharan Africa: all African countries except North Africa.
East Asia: China, Hong Kong, Japan, South Korea, North Korea, Macau, Mongolia,
Taiwan.
South Asia: Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Maldives.
Southeast Asia: Brunei, Burma, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore,
Thailand, Vietnam.
Oceania: Australia, Fiji, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA October 2016Office of Global Analysis
55
OTHER NOTES
Local Marketing Years (LMY): LMY refers to the 12-month period at the onset of the main
harvest, when the crop is marketed (i.e., consumed, traded, or stored). The year first listed
begins a country's LMY for that commodity (2015/16 starts in 2015); except for summer grains
in certain Southern Hemisphere countries and for rice in selected countries, where the second
year begins the LMY (2015/16 starts in 2016). Key exporter LMY’s are:
Wheat Corn Barley Sorghum
Argentina (Dec/Nov) Argentina (Mar/Feb) Australia (Nov/Oct) Argentina (Mar/Feb)
Australia (Oct/Sep) Brazil (Mar/Feb) Canada (Aug/Jul) Australia (Mar/Feb)
Canada (Aug/Jul) China (Oct/Sep) European Union (Jul/Jun) United States (Sep/Aug)
China (Jul/Jun) South Africa (May/Apr) Russia (Jul/Jun)
European Union (Jul/Jun) United States (Sep/Aug) Ukraine (Jul/Jun)
India (Apr/Mar) United States (Jun/May)
Kazakhstan (Jul/Jun)
Russia(Jul/Jun)
Turkey (Jun/May)
Ukraine (Jul/Jun)
United States (Jun/May)
For a complete list of local marketing years, please see the FAS website
(http://www.fas.usda.gov/psdonline/psdAvailability.aspx).
Stocks: Unless otherwise stated, stock data are based on an aggregate of differing local
marketing years and should not be construed as representing world stock levels at a fixed point in
time.
Consumption: World totals for consumption reflect total utilization, including food, seed,
industrial, feed, and waste; as well as differences in local marketing year imports and local
marketing year exports. Consumption statistics for regions and individual countries, however,
reflect food, seed, industrial, feed, and waste only.
Trade: All PSD tables are balanced on the different local marketing years. All trade tables
contain Trade Year (TY) data which puts all countries on a uniform, 12-month period for
analytical comparisons: wheat is July/June; coarse grains, corn, barley, sorghum, oats, and rye
are Oct/Sept; and rice is calendar year.
EU Consolidation: The trade figures starting from 1999/00 represent the European Union
(Croatia plus the former EU-27) and exclude all intra-trade. For the years 1960/61 through
1998/99, figures are the EU-15 and also exclude all intra-trade. EU-15 member states' data for
grains are no longer maintained in the official USDA database. Data for the individual NMS-10,
plus Bulgaria, Romania, and Croatia, exists only prior to 1999/00.
Statistics: (1) Wheat trade statistics include wheat, flour, and selected pasta products on a grain
equivalent basis. (2) Rice trade statistics include rough, brown, milled, and broken on a milled
equivalent basis. (3) Coarse grains statistics include corn, barley, sorghum, oats, rye, millet, and
mixed grains but exclude trade in barley malt, millet, and mixed grains.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA October 2016Office of Global Analysis
56
Unaccounted: This term includes grain in transit, reporting discrepancies in some countries,
and trade to countries outside the USDA database.
The Global Commodity Analysis Division, Office of Global Analysis, Foreign Agricultural
Service, USDA, Washington, DC 20250, prepared this circular. Information is gathered from
official statistics of foreign governments and other foreign source materials, reports of U.S.
agricultural attachés and Foreign Service officers, office research, and related information.
Further information may be obtained by writing the Division or telephoning (202) 720-3448.
Note: The previous report in this series was Grain: World Markets and Trade September 2016.
For further details on world grain production, please see World Agricultural Production October
2016.
This circular is available in its entirety on the Internet via the Foreign Agricultural Service Home
Page. The address is: http://www.fas.usda.gov
Questions may be directed to the following staff:
Teresa McKeivier (202) 690-1151 Teresa.McKeivier@fas.usda.gov Wheat
Daniel Archibald (202) 720-9432 Dan.Archibald@fas.usda.gov Wheat
Andrew Sowell (202) 720-0262 Andrew.Sowell@fas.usda.gov Wheat/
Coarse Grains
Rachel Trego (202) 720-1073 Rachel.Trego@fas.usda.gov Rice
Rhiannon Elms (202) 649-3872 Rhiannon.Elms@fas.usda.gov Rice
Yoonhee Macke (202) 690-4199 Yoonhee.Macke@fas.usda.gov Coarse Grains
Lisa Allen (202) 720-3372 Lisa.Allen@fas.usda.gov Coarse Grains
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA October 2016Office of Global Analysis
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