future trends in semiconductor technologies. introduction what is semiconductor ? a semiconductor...

FUTURE TRENDS IN SEMICONDUCTOR TECHNOLOGIES

INTRODUCTION• What is Semiconductor ? A semiconductor is a material that

behaves in between a conductor and an insulator.

At ambient temperature, it conducts electricity more easily than an insulator, but less readily than a conductor. 

At very low temperatures, pure or intrinsic semiconductors behave like insulators.

The addition of impurities to a pure semiconductor can also increase  its conductivity.

Current Semiconductors:

•Traditional Si, Ge, GaAs etc…•Impurities: Phosphorous, Boron etc...

•Application:•All electronics devices•Microprocessors•Various gadgets etc…

Current Semiconductors:

• SOI( silicon on Insulator)• Improved version of fabrication

process for Si • Addition of SiO2 or sapphire

• Improves Performance• Radiative sensitive application

• Reduces parasatic capacitance• Drastic increase in substrate cost

Future TrendsCarbon Semiconductors:

Why carbon semiconductors ?

Electricity can conduct through carbon Carbon is not used as semiconductor Size of carbon is very small Speedy operation Strong and rugged in construction

FUTURE Trends• Carbon Semiconductors:

Substrate form:

1. Graphene

2. Carbon nanotubes

3. Plastic

4. Organic Plastic

Impurities:

Nitrogen, Boron

Carbon Semiconductor Advantages:• Ultra High speed of Operation• High Speed Frequency processing• Long durability• Eco friendly• Very small in size

Carbon Semiconductor

Application:• Image Processing• Robotics and Artificial

Intelligence• Telecommunication• Processors and

computer• Industrial Automation

system• Automobiles, space

crafts etc…

Research Scope

• Contribution in reducing global warming• Fabrication Process• Building High Speed Processors and other devices• Advancing Carbon semiconductors• Building Eco-Friendly and easily Recyclable• Building new High Speed Devices• Advancement in Artificial Intelligence

Bibliography

www.google.com www.howstuffwork.com www.wikipedia.org www.ibmresearchnews.blogspot.com www.freepatentsonline.com www.eng.cam.ac.uk

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