fundamental of hydraulic.pdf
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FUNDAMENTAL OF FUNDAMENTAL OF HYDRAULICHYDRAULIC
The Roles of Pressure & FlowThe Roles of Pressure & FlowPressure pushes, or exert forcePressure pushes, or exert forceFlow makes things moveFlow makes things move
Pressure & Flow
What is PressureWhat is Pressure ??
Pressure in Pressure in Confined FluidsConfined Fluids
Pascal’s LawPascal’s Law
Pressure & Force RelationshipPressure & Force Relationship
P = FA
P = Pressure
F = Force
A = Area
Hydraulic LeverHydraulic Lever
Mechanical Lever
Energy Transfer in the Hydraulic leverEnergy Transfer in the Hydraulic lever
(A) (B)
(C)
(D)
Flow Makes it MovesFlow Makes it Moves
What is Flow
Velocity & Flow RateVelocity & Flow Rate
Velocity Flow Rate
Flow Rate Flow Rate and Speedand Speed
Pressure and ForcePressure and ForceThe Formation of The Formation of PressurePressure
The Path of Least The Path of Least ResistanceResistance
Trouble in Trouble in Equipment Using Equipment Using Oil PressureOil Pressure
Natural PressureNatural Pressure
The Role of GravityThe Role of Gravity
The The Weight of Weight of a Fluida Fluid
What Causes What Causes PressurePressure
Loads Create Loads Create PressurePressure
Pressure in Pressure in Parallel Parallel ConnectionConnection
Hydraulic Hydraulic Power in the Power in the Working Working CylinderCylinder
FlowFlow
FlowFlow
Increasing Flow Increasing Flow Rate Brings Rate Brings Increased SpeedIncreased Speed
Flow Closing Flow Closing Relief Valve Will Relief Valve Will Not Increased Not Increased SpeedSpeed
Hydraulic Systems Hydraulic Systems and Energyand Energy
Mechanical EnergyMechanical Energy
Pressure EnergyPressure Energy(Kinetic Energy)(Kinetic Energy)
Mechanical EnergyMechanical Energy
Hydraulics and WorkHydraulics and Work
The Three The Three Elements of Elements of WorkWork
Hydraulic System Hydraulic System ComponentsComponents
The Hydraulic JackThe Hydraulic Jack
Hydraulic Cylinder OperationHydraulic Cylinder Operation
(1) (2)
(3) (4)
(5) (6)
(7) (8)
Pump ClassificationPump Classification
What is a pumpWhat is a pump PositifPositif PumpPumpNon Non PositifPositif PumpPump
Types of Hydraulic Types of Hydraulic PumpsPumps
Piston Pumps:Piston Pumps:
Hydraulic Pump DisplacementHydraulic Pump Displacement
Fixed Displacement PumpFixed Displacement Pump
Constant Displacement
Engine OutputFixed flow
Pressure Set pressure
Flow
Hydraulic Output
Variable Displacement PumpVariable Displacement Pump
Set pressure
Engine Output
Pressure
Flow
Hydraulic Output
Variable Flow
Construction
Actuator ClassificationActuator Classification
What are Actuators?What are Actuators?
(A) (B)
Hydraulic CylinderHydraulic Cylinder
(A) (B)
Hyd
rau
lic
Mo
tor
Hyd
rau
lic
Mo
tor
Types of Types of Hydraulic Hydraulic MotorMotor
DisplaceDisplacement ment and and TorqueTorque
Valve ClassificationValve Classification
Pressure Control Valves
Directional Control ValveDirectional Control ValveVolume Control ValvesVolume Control Valves
Pre
ssu
re C
on
tro
l V
alv
es
Pre
ssu
re C
on
tro
l V
alv
es
Directional Control ValvesDirectional Control Valves
Check ValvesCheck Valves
Spool Directional ValveSpool Directional Valve
Volume Control ValvesVolume Control Valves
Volume Control valveVolume Control valve Proportional Flow Proportional Flow DividerDivider
Circuit Diagram (Circuit Diagram (NetralNetral))
Circuit Diagram (Extend)Circuit Diagram (Extend)
Line ClassificationLine Classification
Advantages of Hydraulic SystemAdvantages of Hydraulic System
a. Flexibilitya. Flexibility b. Force Multiplicationb. Force Multiplication
c. Smoothnessc. Smoothnessd. Simplicityd. Simplicitye. Compactnesse. Compactnessf. Economyf. Economyg. Safetyg. Safety
Disadvantages of Hydraulic SystemDisadvantages of Hydraulic System
Need for Need for Good Good MaintenanceMaintenance
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