frédérick bordry – lhcmac 22- 6th december 2007 review of the experience of lhc powering:...
Post on 14-Dec-2015
220 Views
Preview:
TRANSCRIPT
Fréd
éri
ck B
OR
DRY
– L
HC
MA
C 2
2-
6th
Dece
mb
er
20
07
Review of the experienceof LHC powering:
short-circuit tests and sector 7-8and start of powering sector 4-5
Frédérick Bordry
Review of the experienceof LHC powering:
short-circuit tests and sector 7-8and start of powering sector 4-5
Frédérick Bordry
1. Short-circuit test review2. Sector 7-8: what was done? Some highlights
3. Sector 7-8: what was not done? 4. What can we do faster when powering for the next sectors ?5. What can we not do faster when powering for the next sectors ?
1. Short-circuit test review2. Sector 7-8: what was done? Some highlights
3. Sector 7-8: what was not done? 4. What can we do faster when powering for the next sectors ?5. What can we not do faster when powering for the next sectors ?
Fréd
éri
ck B
OR
DRY
– L
HC
MA
C 2
2-
6th
Dece
mb
er
20
07
Short-circuit tests are not only power converter tests: energy extraction tests, DC cables tests, AC network conditions, cooling and
ventilation, interlocks, control,…
Short-circuit tests (SCT)
Fréd
éri
ck B
OR
DRY
– L
HC
MA
C 2
2-
6th
Dece
mb
er
20
07
Short-circuit tests
Fréd
éri
ck B
OR
DRY
– L
HC
MA
C 2
2-
6th
Dece
mb
er
20
07
Circuit Type
Sector
LHC1-2 2-3 3-4 4-5 5-6 6-7 7-8 8-1
13 kA 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 24
Independently Powered Dipoles 3 2 2 3 1 0 2 3 16
Independently Powered Quadrupoles 14 7 6 13 12 5 7 14 78
600A with Energy Extraction 23 27 28 24 23 27 27 23 202
600A Energy Extraction in Converter 14 20 20 14 14 20 20 14 136
600A no Energy Extraction 16 9 2 9 9 2 9 16 72
80-120A Correctors 50 37 22 33 33 22 37 50 284
TOTAL 123 105 83 99 95 79 105 123 812
Circuit TypeSector
LHC1-2 2-3 3-4 4-5 5-6 6-7 7-8 8-1
60A Closed Orbit Correctors 94 94 94 94 94 94 94 94 752Short-circuit tests
Fréd
éri
ck B
OR
DRY
– L
HC
MA
C 2
2-
6th
Dece
mb
er
20
07
UA47
UA43
RR53
USC55RR57
UA63
UA67
Point 7
RR73
RR77
UJ76
UA83
UA87
RR13UJ14RR17
UA23
UA27
ALICE
UJ32 UJ33
CMS
Point 6
LHCb
ATLAS
SPS
Point 4Point 3.3
Point 3.2
From October 2005 to
September 2007
Short-circuit tests
All tests were successfully concluded by a 24h endurance test (16h at ultimate and 8h nominal)
Fréd
éri
ck B
OR
DRY
– L
HC
MA
C 2
2-
6th
Dece
mb
er
20
07
General Services: AC Distribution (P,Q, THD)
WorldFip fielbus/ WiFI
Cooling for Power Converters, Power Cables and Energy Extraction
Ventilation (air temperature variation)
UPS System
Equipment directly linked to the SC circuits:
Power Converters
13kA and 600 A EE Systems (+Endurance Tests)
Power Cables
Control system from equipment to the CCC (Platform to test the software tools)
Example: RR77 tests
Short-circuit tests
Fréd
éri
ck B
OR
DRY
– L
HC
MA
C 2
2-
6th
Dece
mb
er
20
07
38.6
56.0 °C
40
50
FLIR Systems
An Infra Red analysis to see what a hand cannot feel at
less than 20cm !!!Loose connection
Systematic Infra Red (IR) survey
600A cables
Fréd
éri
ck B
OR
DRY
– L
HC
MA
C 2
2-
6th
Dece
mb
er
20
07
An Infra Red analysis to check everything is
OK
Systematic Infra Red (IR) survey
Y. Thurel
4 racks with 8 * [±600A;±10V]in UA 67
Fréd
éri
ck B
OR
DRY
– L
HC
MA
C 2
2-
6th
Dece
mb
er
20
07
What did we learn ?
Power converters are fulfilling specification but important tests to solve interface problems and coupling problem between circuits (e.g. MB and MQ, 600A circuits, EMC,…)
Continuous improvement of PC control and regulation software (FGC : V.99 to V.237)
The short circuit tests were essential to validate the power converters in their environment (AC, harmonics, cooling & ventilation, …)
Several 24h tests were done twice to confirm DC cabling modification, cooling & ventilations, bad connections, leaks,…
Measurement and Validation of the active and reactive power (P,Q) and THD (pt 4 not tested with RF; available P and Q should be confirmed by TS/EL)
Control and diagnostics of power elements from the CCC
To solve a lot of early failure (“défaut de jeunesse”), especially with the heat runs
TO BE READY FOR THE HARDWARE COMMISSIONNING
Short-circuit tests
A lot of groups worked together in the tunnel
Fréd
éri
ck B
OR
DRY
– L
HC
MA
C 2
2-
6th
Dece
mb
er
20
07
Hardware commissioning: Sector 7-8
Powering
Fréd
éri
ck B
OR
DRY
– L
HC
MA
C 2
2-
6th
Dece
mb
er
20
07
- PIC2 (Power Interlock test with PC connected to the magnets)
- Transfer Function Analysis- Power converter and Circuit set-up
(Setting of the current loop parameters) (PCC)
- Start-up procedure compatible with QPS
- Verification of the superconducting splices (PCS)
- Powering to Nominal of every circuit with intermediate level( PLI1… PLI4 => PNO)
- Check of the machine squeeze functions (PSQ)
- 24-hour run with all the circuits at nominal (PAC)
- General emergency stop test (AUG)
Powering tests
Converters connected to the magnets
Fréd
éri
ck B
OR
DRY
– L
HC
MA
C 2
2-
6th
Dece
mb
er
20
07
http://hcc.web.cern.ch/hcc/pp/
Powering Procedures
Fréd
éri
ck B
OR
DRY
– L
HC
MA
C 2
2-
6th
Dece
mb
er
20
07
Circuit TypeSector
LHC1-2 2-3 3-4 4-5 5-6 6-7 7-8 8-1
13 kA 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 24
Independently Powered Dipoles 3 2 2 3 1 0 2 3 16
Independently Powered Quadrupoles 14 7 6 13 12 5 7 14 78
600A with Energy Extraction 23 27 28 24 23 27 27 23 202
600A Energy Extraction in Converter 14 20 20 14 14 20 20 14 136
600A no Energy Extraction 16 9 2 9 9 2 9 16 72
80-120A Correctors 50 37 22 33 33 22 37 50 284
TOTAL 123 105 83 99 95 79 105 123 812
Sector 7-8 HW commissioning: released circuits
Circuit TypeSector
LHC1-2 2-3 3-4 4-5 5-6 6-7 7-8 8-1
60A Closed Orbit Correctors 94 94 94 94 94 94 94 94 752
Circuits powered from the arc
Limited Current: RB (2 kA), RQD (6.5 kA), RQF (6.5 kA) 3
Only RD2, Inner triplet dipole not available 1
Only RQ4 and RQ5 2
14 Line-N Circuits, 3 spool piece correctors & 2 MQTLH 19
Three Line-N Circuits 3
RCO and inner triplet correctors not available 0
Q4 and Q5 available correctors 7
Total of released circuit 35
Released: 78 R. Saban
Fréd
éri
ck B
OR
DRY
– L
HC
MA
C 2
2-
6th
Dece
mb
er
20
07
• Powering Tests – 20.04.2007 -> 06.07.2007 History http://hcc.web.cern.ch/hcc/schedule/History_S78_20070702.pdf
• Sector 78 Dashboard (108/199 circuits in Total) (http://p2n.web.cern.ch/p2n/dash/sector78.htm)
– Fully Commissioned: 44 circuits • 1 x [8kA,8V] converter (RD2) • 2 x MQM [6kA, 8V] converters (Matching Q4 & Q5 Quadrupoles)• 1 x [±600A,±10V] converter (RQS.L8B1)• 8 x [±120A,±10V] converters (Orbit Correctors + RCO.A78B1)• 32 x [±60A,±8V] converters (Orbit Correctors)
– Partially commissioned: 64 circuits• 1 x [13kA, ±180V] converter (Main Dipole) up to 2kA• 2 x [13kA,18V] converter (Main Quadrupole) up to 6.5kA• 15 x [±600A,±10V] converters up to 200A• 46 x [±60A,±8V] converters (Orbit Correctors)
Sector 78 – What did we test?
Fréd
éri
ck B
OR
DRY
– L
HC
MA
C 2
2-
6th
Dece
mb
er
20
07
1.9K
4.5K
Low current module 6kA & 600A leads
High current module 13kA & 6kA leads
Shuffling module
Vacuum equipment VAA
Connection to magnets
Jumper cryoconnection to QRL
SHM/HCMinterconnect
HCM/LCMinterconnect
Supporting beam
600A leads
6kA leads
6kA leads
13kA leads
Current lead chimneys
Removable door
Main dipole circuit powering
Fréd
éri
ck B
OR
DRY
– L
HC
MA
C 2
2-
6th
Dece
mb
er
20
07
Fréd
éri
ck B
OR
DRY
– L
HC
MA
C 2
2-
6th
Dece
mb
er
20
07
RB successfully started with START_DIDT = 10A/s
The FGC regulates dI/dt by controlling dV/dt with a proportional controller
New open loop voltage ramp included until
I > 1% of I_MIN
Blocking voltage during Pre-Mag
Main dipole Power Converter Start Up [New algorithm]• Start up must avoid rapid voltage changes that can trigger the QPS• If current is less than 1% of I_MIN then a blocking voltage must be applied during the pre-mag
phase – this winds up the voltage loop integrators• This could result in an aggressive start up that could trip the RB QPS so ~6s open loop voltage
ramp is now included to make the start up smoother:
Q. King
Fréd
éri
ck B
OR
DRY
– L
HC
MA
C 2
2-
6th
Dece
mb
er
20
07
15.5 H
7 ppm (100 mA)
2 ppm (20mA)
3 A/s
350 A
45 V
Fréd
éri
ck B
OR
DRY
– L
HC
MA
C 2
2-
6th
Dece
mb
er
20
07
First current cycle (main dipole)27th June 2007 9h27 CET
7:20 7:30 7:40 7:50 8:00 8:100
500
1000
1500
2000[A]
Injection current
Imin
Fast discharge with switch opened (L/r 100 s)
Fréd
éri
ck B
OR
DRY
– L
HC
MA
C 2
2-
6th
Dece
mb
er
20
07
Fréd
éri
ck B
OR
DRY
– L
HC
MA
C 2
2-
6th
Dece
mb
er
20
07
19:00 19:30 20:00 20:30 21:00 21:300
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
Curr
ent
[A]
Quadrupole Circuits (RQF, RQD)
Dipole Circuit (RB)
Tracking between the three main circuits of sector 78
2ppm
Free-wheeling : L/r 23’000 s
Fréd
éri
ck B
OR
DRY
– L
HC
MA
C 2
2-
6th
Dece
mb
er
20
07
• RB decay from 350A takes more than 1 hour with the discharge switch closed
• New Switch Off algorithm will ramp down the current to 1% of I_MIN (< 4 A) before switching off (<40s)
• The algorithm will also be used for SLOW ABORT
Converter is switched off with V_REF = 2% of V_NEG
Voltage is reduced in proportion to the current to smoothly end the ramp to 1% of I_MIN
End of a Switch Off ramp on RB
dI/dt of ramp down is regulated to be -LIMITS.DIDT by controlling dV/dt with a proportional controller
Main dipole Power Converter: Power Off [New algorithm]
Q. King
Fréd
éri
ck B
OR
DRY
– L
HC
MA
C 2
2-
6th
Dece
mb
er
20
07
- Current loop robustness: L/2r to L/r
- Always: static and dynamicI1/2 < I2 < 2xI1
andI2/2 < I1 < 2xI2
Fréd
éri
ck B
OR
DRY
– L
HC
MA
C 2
2-
6th
Dece
mb
er
20
07
RQ4.L8B1 I_MEAS
RQ4.L8B2 I_MEAS
RQ5.L8B1 I_MEAS
RQ5.L8B2 I_MEAS
RQ4.L8B1 V_MEAS
RQ4.L8B2 V_MEAS
RQ5.L8B2 V_MEAS RQ5.L8B1 V_MEAS
0VClose to Limits
+
RQx.B1 RQx.B2
- + -
cable2cable3cable1
Squeeze tests (PSQ) : Q4 and Q5RQ4.L8B2 is close to limitNew optic function much improved (15min squeeze)All systems performed as calculated
With LHC Software Application LSA: generation of table (I,t) => dI/dt >> between pointsMQM control touchy during ramp down with 1-Quadrant converter=> Good Performance even if the limits are closed
D. Nisbet
Fréd
éri
ck B
OR
DRY
– L
HC
MA
C 2
2-
6th
Dece
mb
er
20
07
I_MEAS = About 1-2ppm pk-pk
1 ms
Vout
1300 A
1625 A
6500 A
Converter Operation during a sub-converter failure
[13kA,18V] converter : (4+1) x [3.25kA,18V] subconverters
Tests during 7-8 hardware commissioning
13 kA, 18V
3.25 kA , 18 V
3.25 kA , 18 V
3.25 kA , 18 V
3.25 kA , 18 V
3.25 kA , 18 V
At injection current : 860 A
Restart ofsub-converter 2
V. Montabonnet
Fréd
éri
ck B
OR
DRY
– L
HC
MA
C 2
2-
6th
Dece
mb
er
20
07
Fréd
éri
ck B
OR
DRY
– L
HC
MA
C 2
2-
6th
Dece
mb
er
20
07
U_LEAD versus Current
-0.06
-0.05
-0.04
-0.03
-0.02
-0.01
0
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
-60 -55 -50 -45 -40 -35 -30 -25 -20 -15 -10 -5 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60
Current [A]
Voltage across Leads [V]
Current Leads badly connectedResistive Current Lead Protection
R Lead Histogram
02468
10121416182022242628
0.0005 0.0006 0.0007 0.0008 0.0009 0.001 0.0011 More
R Leads [Ohms]
Fre
qu
ency
54 samples
V. Montabonnet
Power Converter
High Polarity
Low Polarity
Current lead
Current lead
Magnet
High polarity warm voltage tap
High polarity cold voltage tap
Low polarity cold voltage tap
Low polarity warm voltage tap
Fréd
éri
ck B
OR
DRY
– L
HC
MA
C 2
2-
6th
Dece
mb
er
20
07
U_LEAD versus Current
-0.06
-0.05
-0.04
-0.03
-0.02
-0.01
0
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
-60 -55 -50 -45 -40 -35 -30 -25 -20 -15 -10 -5 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60
Current [A]
Voltage across Leads [V]
Current Leads badly connected
U_LEAD during Heat Run
-4.00E-02
-3.00E-02
-2.00E-02
-1.00E-02
0.00E+00
1.00E-02
2.00E-02
3.00E-02
4.00E-02
03.07.200718:00
03.07.200720:00
03.07.200722:00
04.07.200700:00
04.07.200702:00
04.07.200704:00
04.07.200706:00
04.07.200708:00
04.07.200710:00
04.07.200712:00
04.07.200714:00
Time
U_L
EA
D [
V]
2 Hours
Leads without Beam Screen Cooling
-1.50E-01
-1.00E-01
-5.00E-02
0.00E+00
5.00E-02
1.00E-01
1.50E-01
03.07.200719:00
03.07.200720:00
03.07.200721:00
03.07.200722:00
03.07.200723:00
04.07.200700:00
04.07.200701:00
Time
Vo
ltag
e ac
ross
Lea
ds
RCBH25.L8B1 U_LEAD_NEG RCBH25.L8B1 U_LEAD_POS RCBV25.L8B2 U_LEAD_NEG RCBV25.L8B2 U_LEAD_POS
Trip Level
Trip Level
Good Cooling Bad Cooling
Resistive Current Lead Protection
R Lead Histogram
02468
10121416182022242628
0.0005 0.0006 0.0007 0.0008 0.0009 0.001 0.0011 More
R Leads [Ohms]
Fre
qu
ency
54 samples
V. Montabonnet
Fréd
éri
ck B
OR
DRY
– L
HC
MA
C 2
2-
6th
Dece
mb
er
20
07
Heat-Run with 44 circuits (03.07 17:30 - 04.07 9:30)
RB.A78 (2kA)RQF.A78 (6.5kA)RQD.A78 (6.5kA)
RD2.L8 (6kA)RQ4.L8 (3.59kA)RQD.A78 (4.21kA)
RQS.L8B1 (550A) RCBYH4.L8B2 (72A) RCBYV4.L8B1 (72A) RCBYHS4.L8B1 (72A) RCBYVS4.L8B (72A) RCBYVS4.L8B2 (72A) RCBCH5.L8B1 (80A) RCBCV5.L8B2 (80A)
30 Closed Orbit Correctors (55A)
>16hwithout any fault
Fréd
éri
ck B
OR
DRY
– L
HC
MA
C 2
2-
6th
Dece
mb
er
20
07
Inner triplet powering (DFBX commissioning, nested converters: decoupling, loop robustness, protection with high time constant and no EE… )
Dipole powering up to 2kA : less than 3 % of the stored energy Quadrupole powering up to 6.5kA (30% of energy)
Free-wheel system at high current with large time constant (MB, MQ, IT,…)
Only one 600A circuit at nominal (RQS.A78 at 550A) !
High precision OK but low statistics Complete heat run at nominal current (1.1 GJ) Complete AUG test at nominal (partly done but no current in the
main circuits)
8kA
Q1 Q2 Q3
6kA
IF = I1 +
I2
IK =
I1
I2
Vcv
1Vcv2
±600A
Vcv3
I1
Q2
Sector 7-8: what was NOT done?
Fréd
éri
ck B
OR
DRY
– L
HC
MA
C 2
2-
6th
Dece
mb
er
20
07
Sector 7-8: what was not done?What can we do faster when powering for the next sectors ?
No ELQA at 80oK then no stop for the cool down Settings of the current loops (TFA done; to do again only if) and
more generally automatic FGC configuration Start-up of the converters compatible with QPS
100mV threshold for QPS (nominal) instead of 20mV (MPP for sector 7-8)
operating mode automated and parallel sequencing of tests diagnostic tools and Post-Mortem more stable test data recording tools quality assurance and progress follow up learning curve for event analysis
above all, the team is built and is performing wellDixit
HWC project leader
Fréd
éri
ck B
OR
DRY
– L
HC
MA
C 2
2-
6th
Dece
mb
er
20
07
Sector 7-8: what was not done?What can we not do faster the powering for the next sectors ? Qualification of the circuits at cold (ELQA)
(ELQA per DFB and no more per circuit type. Will be faster)
Sequence of qualification of the QPS (FastPa and quench).
Quench recovery time at high current will be a key parameter
Magnet training above 11kA
350A
PIC2Injection 760A
EESPA FPA
Quench2 kA
Loss PP
EEQuench
6 kA
8.5 kA
12 kA
RB Circuit
Quench
Quench
Quench
PM Analysis for each steps
“No shortcut or it’ll be the
Mess”
Fréd
éri
ck B
OR
DRY
– L
HC
MA
C 2
2-
6th
Dece
mb
er
20
07
5/12/200726 - 27/11/2007
A
V
3610A
Last news from the field : Q6.R4 (MQY) powering to nominal (5.12.2007 pm)
3610A
Unbalanced Quench
NominalUnbalanced1 Unbalanced2Quench
Nominal
Fréd
éri
ck B
OR
DRY
– L
HC
MA
C 2
2-
6th
Dece
mb
er
20
07
Fréd
éri
ck B
OR
DRY
– L
HC
MA
C 2
2-
6th
Dece
mb
er
20
07
Synchronisation from the database to an FGC
1. When an FGC is power-cycled or reset it raises the SYNC_FGC flag to request to be synchronised
2. The FGC Config Manager sees the request and sends commands to the FGC to read the inventory of equipment in the converter
3. The Manager sends the inventory to the database and retrieves the related configuration
4. The Manager sends commands to the FGC to update its configuration
5. The Manager clears the FGC’s synchronisation request
FGC Config Manager
PO ControlsDatabase
x ~80
<= 30
WorldFIP bus
Inventory Configuration
SYNC_FGCrequest
Statusdata
Command/ response
FGC gateway
FGC FGC FGC FGC FGC FGC FGC FGC
S. Page
Fréd
éri
ck B
OR
DRY
– L
HC
MA
C 2
2-
6th
Dece
mb
er
20
07
Synchronisation from an FGC to the database
1. A user updates the configuration in an FGC by sending the relevant commands, then sets the SYNC_DB flag
2. The FGC Config Manager sees the request and sends commands to the FGC to read the configuration
3. The Manager stores the configuration changes in the database
4. The Manager clears the FGC’s synchronisation request
SYNC_DBrequest
Configuration
FGC Config Manager
PO ControlsDatabase
x ~80
<= 30
WorldFIP bus
Statusdata
Command/ response
FGC gateway
FGC FGC FGC FGC FGC FGC FGC FGC
S. Page
Fréd
éri
ck B
OR
DRY
– L
HC
MA
C 2
2-
6th
Dece
mb
er
20
07
RB, RQD, RQF synchronized ramp
A B
FGC
Electronics
Sigma-Delta 22b ADC
A B
A B
FGC
Electronics
Sigma-Delta 22b ADC
A B
A B
FGC
Electronics
Sigma-Delta 22b ADC
A B
RB.A78 RQF.A78 RQD.A78Tracking Tests RB-RQF-RQD
D. Nisbet
Test Method: I Channel A swappedRegulation with I Channel B
top related