food

FOODOUR SOURCEOF ENERGY

Feeling hungry is a signthat our body needs food.

Our body depends on food for energy

What does the food provide us?

Energy to carry out the vital functions in our body.

Energy to do work

substances that our body needs for health and resistingdiseases

the building materials needed for the growth of new cells and repair of damaged cells

Different types of food are required by our body for different functions.Based on their different properties and job functions, food is dividedInto seven main classes

There are7 main classes of food

How many main classes of food?

Carbohydrates

Fats

Proteins

Mineral Salts

Vitamins

Fibre

Water

Carbohydrates are sugars and starches found infood. They are compound made up of the elements carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen

Lactose(from milk)

Glucose(from sugar)

Sucrose(from cane sugar)

Maltose

Carbohydrates supply most of our body’s energy.They are first broken down into simple sugars like glucose and finally converted into carbondioxide and water with the release of energy

Starches are found in food such as rice, bread, breakfast cereals, potatoes,beans and pasta. Sugars are found in sweet fruits, chocolates, candy, jam, cakes and soft drinks.

Excess carbohydrates in our body are as fats and they aredrawn upon to provide the body with energy when the carbohydrates intake is low.

Fats from animals can be foundin butter, lard, meat, cheese, milk, sausages and beef burgers

Fats from plants can be found in margarine, nuts and cooking oils such as peanutoil, and sunflower oil.

Fats help to keep us warm, but too much fats in our bodycan lead to health problems like heart diseases

Proteins consist of long chains of amino acids which are made up of the elements carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, andnitrogen. Food rich in proteins include meat, eggs, fish,bean curds, lentils, peanuts, milk, cheese, chicken, beansnuts, beef, peas and vegetable

The main function of proteinsis to build body tissues, enzymes, and hormones

Muscles, cartilage and tendons in our body are made upof proteins.

Deficiency in proteins results in disease call kwashiorkor,which is characterized by loss of body fat and wasting ofmuscle.

Minerals are inorganic substances needed by the body in tiny amounts for proper growth and development. They are needed by some body tissuesand are used in somechemical reactions ofthe body.

Calciumo for making strong bones and teetho for clotting of bloodo for contracting muscles

Milkmilk productsgreen vegetableseggs

Iron o For making hemoglobin, the red pigment in red blood cells

Liver,meat,eggs,green vegetables

Sea foodgreen vegetables

Iodineo For making hormones of the thyroid gland.

Deficiency leads to goitre, a swelling of the thyroid gland in the lower neck

Sodiumo For regulating our bodyfluids.

Common salt(sodium chloride),Most natural andcooked foods

Too much sodium leads to high blood pressure

Vitamin Ao For keeping skin and other body linings strongo For normal skin

Deficiency problem: Dry and scaly skin, night blindness

Carrots,green vegetables,milk,eggs,fish,butter,pumpkins