first lecture-general pro to zoology

20081 Dr.Faiza Habib

2008Dr.Faiza Habib2

MARKS: 140 MARKS FINAL EXAM. 20 Practical FINAL EXAM 20 PRACTICAL WORK AND ACTIVITY 20 MID-YEAR EXAM (7th week) ----------- 200 MARKS TOTALBOOKS: THREE BOOKS (in one pack) 1- lectures book. 2- Practical and activity book. 3- Questions book

20083 Dr.Faiza Habib

20084 Dr.Faiza Habib

PARASITE

An organism that:

1 - Lives in or on and -Takes its nourishment from another organism.

-Causes him harm.

20085 Dr.Faiza Habib

20086 Dr.Faiza Habib

PARASITE

in Greek PARA = along sides of SITOS = food

20087 Dr.Faiza Habib

20088 Dr.Faiza Habib

DEFINITIVE HOST

It is the host which harbors the adult

stage of the parasite or its sexually

reproducing forms.20089 Dr.Faiza Habib

INTERMEDIATE HOST

It is the host which harbors the larval e

host stage of the parasite or its

asexually reproducing forms.

200810 Dr.Faiza Habib

RESERVOIR HOST

It is the ANIMAL which harbors the same species and stages as humans. 200811 Dr.Faiza Habib

VECTOR

It is an arthropod that transmits parasites

from one host to another. 200812 Dr.Faiza Habib

OBLIGATORY PARASITE

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FACULTATIVE PARASITE

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PERMANENT PARASITE

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TEMPORARY PARASITE

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ECTO -PARASITE

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ENDO -PARASITE

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ACCIDENTAL PARASITE

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OPPURTINISTIC PARASITE

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PARASITIC DISEASES

=

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1- Locate areas in the world where infection by the parasite exists (Geographical distribution)2- Describe the morphology of the different stages.3- Name the definitive, intermediate hosts and reservoir hosts if present.4- Know the habitat i.e.where does it live inside the host.5- Describe its life cycle.6- Understand the pathogenesis and pathology.7- Predict the clinical manifestations of its infection.8- Apply proper method/s of diagnosis.9- Prescribe the proper treatment9- Take parts in prevention and control.

Aims and objectives of studying MEDICAL PARASITOLOGY:

Things that must be known about each parasite, i.e.

By the end of this course you must:

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200823 Dr.Faiza Habib

One-celled Organism

in Greek proto = first zoa = animals

200824 Dr.Faiza Habib

EUKARYOTIC ORGANISM

CAPABLE OF PERFORMING ALL VITAL FUNCTIONS OF METAZOAN ORGANISMS

DESCRIPTION

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NUCLEUS

CYTOPLASM

STRUCTURE

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NUCLEUS

STRUCTURE

Reticular network

Nuclear sap

May Be:• One or More

• Compact or Vesicular

200827 Dr.Faiza Habib

CYTOPLASM

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PHYSIOLOGY OF PROTOZOA

Diffusion through body surface

Active contribution of pseudopodia, falgella and cilia

Giardia

Entamoeba

200829 Dr.Faiza Habib

PHYSIOLOGY OF PROTOZOA

Digestive enzymes

Toxins

Antigens

…….etc.

200831 Dr.Faiza Habib

PHYSIOLOGY OF PROTOZOA

200832 Dr.Faiza Habib

PHYSIOLOGY OF PROTOZOATo overcome unfavorable conditions outside the host.

To protect the organisms during passage in the GITWhen conditions become favorable ex-cystation takes place.

200833 Dr.Faiza Habib

PHYSIOLOGY OF PROTOZOA

200834 Dr.Faiza Habib

PHYSIOLOGY OF PROTOZOA

i.e.Exchange of nuclear matter

i.e. fusion of male and female gametocytes to form zygote

200835 Dr.Faiza Habib

PHYSIOLOGY OF PROTOZOA

200836 Dr.Faiza Habib

PHYSIOLOGY OF PROTOZOA

200837 Dr.Faiza Habib

PHYSIOLOGY OF PROTOZOA

200838 Dr.Faiza Habib

PHYSIOLOGY OF PROTOZOA

200839 Dr.Faiza Habib

PHYSIOLOGY OF PROTOZOA

200840 Dr.Faiza Habib

2008 - 2009200841 Dr.Faiza Habib