fine particles: the views of the wg on strategies and review richard ballaman chairman of wgsr swiss...
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Fine particles: the views of the WG on Strategies and Review
Richard BallamanChairman of WGSR
Swiss Agency for the Environment, Forests and Landscape
2/10
3/10
Tasks for the EG on PM Assess the degree of control provided by existing
protocols; Review current work on PM under CLRTAP, taking also
into account the forthcoming Thematic Strategy of EC; Review the characteristics of PM as transboundary
pollutant (i.a. contribution from different sources or scale, implication of choosing different particle size fractions);
Consider the scientific and technical requirements, as well as non-technical measures, needed for possible option on how to develop further measures to reduce PM.
Acidification
Eutrophication
Tropospheric ozone
Multi pollutants / multi effects approach with new pollutants and driving forces
SO2
NH3
NOx
NMVOC
Particulate matter
Population exposure
primaryPM
Heavy Metals
PAH
Health & environmental impact(RAINS_BL_CLE, August 2004, C. Agren)
Estimated loss in SLE in EU25 from anthropogenic PM2.5 (months)
0123456789
10
2000 2010 2020
Percentage forest area in EU25 with acid deposition exceeding critical loads
0
5
10
15
20
25
2000 2010 2020
Percentage ecosystem area in EU25 with nitrogen deposition exceeding critical loads
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
2000 2010 2020
7/10
PM2.5 emissions in Europe estimated by the RAINS model for BL scenario
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
2000 2005 2010 2015 2020
in 1
000
tonn
es
Rem. Eur.
Ukraine
Rus. Fed.
EU10 new
EU15 old
8/10
Source categories to further consider
Ships, diesel vehicles, off-road sector Industrial processes Small combustion (wood burning) Agriculture (animal housing, manure storage and
spreading) Retrofitting of existing sources
9/10
Options to be considered by WGSR Secondary PM are already covered by the MP-
ME Gothenburg protocol and Primary PM could also be integrated in MP-ME.
Primary PM are already partially covered by protocols on HMs which may be further developped in a Protocol on mercury and PM (including HMs)
A specific protocol on primary PM.
10/10
Expert views are welcomed on:
Which option looks more promising ? (advantages / disadvantages)
Are the necessary information on PM emission
inventories and projections accurate enough to allow emission ceilings?
Do we have sufficient data to define BAT and LV for primary PM?
11/10
Challenges for the Convention LRTAP Increase life expectancy of European population
by decrease of the mean population exposure to PM2.5
Implementation of a legal instrument to abate PM emissions (ideally with commitments of 48 countries).
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