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LIVING LAB NYC: ADVANCING LIGHTING CONTROLS
IN ICONIC OFFICE TOWERS MAY 6, 2015 12:15PM
Living Labs NYC:
Advanced Lighting Controls in Iconic Office Towers
6 May 2015 | LightFair 2015
Yetsuh Frank Managing Director, Building Energy Exchange
Tim GuarnieriRegional Director, Bank of America
Cindy QuanSenior Vice President, Goldman Sachs
Steve SelkowitzSenior Advisor, Lawrence Berkeley Lab
Learning Objectives
• Understanding the opportunities and
challenges of implementing retrofits of advanced lighting and shading systems and controls in occupied office spaces.
• The different types and appropriate applications of advanced lighting and shading systems, including high efficiency lighting, shades, controls, extended daylight penetration, tuning, occupancy.
• How metered and measured demonstration projects can advance wider implementation of advanced controls, including evaluation of energy use, occupant satisfaction, maintenance, and other factors.
• The tools and techniques to advance the market transfer and widespread adoption of versatile and energy efficient advanced lighting, daylighting, and shading retrofit systems and controls.be-exchange.org
Session Agenda
• Context• NYC Opportunities• National Perspective
• Living Lab• Goals and Process• Innovators• Next Steps • Innovation/Integration
• Questions
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ContextNew York City
be-exchange.org
CONTEXT
Interior Lighting:
largest electric end use
Per Con Ed 2010 Energy Efficiency Potential Study be-exchange.org
New York City: New Laws will Drive Massive Retrofit Activity
Unique opportunity of enormous magnitude
• Local Law 88 - 2009 requires lighting upgrades in all large commercial buildings
• Affects 1.25 billion sf• New tech prices dropping rapidly
• Local Law 84 – Benchmarking law effects 2.5 bsf
• New Codes are becoming more stringent
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CONTEXTADVISORY GROUP
Mark Ambrosone, Vornado
Candace Damon, HR&A
Elizabeth Donoff, Architectural Lighting
Magazine
Jonathan Flaherty, Tishman Speyer
Chris Garvin, Cook + Fox
Russell Leslie, Lighting Research Center
Hayden McKay, HLB Lighting Design
Chris Meek, Integrated Design Lab
Michael Mehl, JB&B
Jean Savitsky, JLL
Stephen Selkowitz, Lawrence Berkeley
National Labs
Byron Stigge, Level Infrastructure
Marsha Walton, NYSERDA
BEEx Daylight Potential Report
CO-AUTHORSAdam Hinge
Yetsuh Frank
Richard Yancey
STEERING COMM
Ashok Gupta, NRDC
Laurie Kerr, NYC Mayor’s Office of
Long Term Planning &
Sustainability
REPORT SPONSOR
Natural Resources Defense Council
be-exchange.org
The scale of NYC’s office market is
unique
LET THERE BE DAYLIGHT
Office space in major US CBD’sbe-exchange.org
Lighting: big
contributor to Peak Demand
LET THERE BE DAYLIGHT
Electric Lighting Demand & Building Peak Demandbe-exchange.org
Significant Savings Potential
TECHNICAL POTENTIAL
LET THERE BE DAYLIGHT
Potential Savings of NYC Office Space with Daylighting Controls
• 160 MW Electric Demand
= 16 Empire State Buildings
• 340 GWh electricity savings
= More than all private office space in Albany Central Business District
• $70 million annual cost saving
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PersistentChallenges
• Doing it right is not easy…• … and can be expensive• Many existing projects are not
working as intended• Occupants and building
operators often don’t understand systems
CHALLENGES
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BUT these can be overcome
Must be cost effective
Combine key features in a
“systems package”
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THE PATH FORWARD
Lighting• Granular control• Addressable control• Dimmable light levels• Easy installation• Maintainable
Shading• Responsive• “Optics”• Install/maintain/calibrate
BEExGame Plan
Three Phases2013-14: Select Demo Projects2015-16: Strategic Incentives2017-18: Broader Deployment
THE PATH FORWARD GLNY GAME PLAN
be-exchange.org
Case Study:Related Offices Lighting Retrofit
• Less then 10 years old
• State of the art when built
• Peak Demand reduced from
70 kW to 30 kW
• 55% reduction in lighting energy
• 3.3 year payback after utility rebate
OVERCOMING CHALLENGES
TIME WARNER CENTER
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OVERCOMING CHALLENGES
TIME WARNER CENTER
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55% reduction in lighting
energy
(c)2013 Related!
ContextNational Perspective
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CONTEXT
Single component or isolated system measures
Current Design Paradigm
Integrated Building Systems Approach
Multi-system integrated Energy Efficiency Measures
National Trends: Moving from “Widgets” to “Integrated Systems Design”:
Promise: Bigger Savings at Lower Cost
Good Lighting Controls Worked in 1990 (Daylight Dimming) – Why Not Today?
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Day of Year 1990
kWh/12 hr/zoneDaily Energy Use (6 A.M to 6 P.M.)
Data from advanced lighting controls demonstration in Emeryville, CA (1990) !!! Energy Use before retrofit: After retrofit: South zone: North zone:
40-60% Savings
40-80% Savings
But Dimming is only 3% of lighting sales!
LBNL Advanced Façade Testbed Facility
2007$2015!Automated/Shading;/
/
Daylight/Redirec<ng;/
/
Integrated/PV/and/storage/
2003$2006!Electrochromic/
windows/
• Berkeley,/South/facing/3/Rooms/
• Changeable/façade/• Ligh<ng,/HVAC/• Heavily/instrumented/• Sta<c/Dynamic/• Occupant/Studies/• Controls/Automa<on/
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1
auto-split-mir-VB1
ref-VB
split-opt-VB
diff-VB
auto-VB
split-VB
auto-RS
ref-RS
full power Percent ofdaywindow >2000cd/sqm
LPD (W/sf)
Automated/systems/deliver/excellent/energy/savings/and/comfort!
Manual vs Auto Shading Impact on “Annual Lighting Use”, Visual Comfort
0.57 W/sf 0.34 W/sf
0.31 W/sf
10% of day = 1.2 hours
• Automated Shading • Dimmable lighting
• Addressable, Granular • Tunable
Getting Integrated Systems Solution That Works at Scale NY Times: Intelligent Lighting, Shade Control, UFAD
(Design: 2003; Field Energy Measurement 2013)
New York Times office with dimmable lights and automated shading Occupied 2007
NY Times Testbed: Optimize: Physical & Virtual
2
18 17 Simulated Views from 3 of 22 view positions
Phase 1: Physical Testbed, 18 month field study • Evaluate Shading, daylighting, employee feedback and
constructability in a +5000 sf testbed
• Fully instrumented; 1 year testing
Phase 2: Virtual Model, extend measured data • Extend Test Data: more Orientations and Floor Levels • Shade Control Algorithms for Motorized Shades Developed
using Simulation • Built a virtual model of the building in its urban context
using hourly weather data to simulate performance
2
17
18
AB
N
!
Lights!On!5am!–!10!PM!+!Night!Cleaning!Crew!
Off!
Off!
Time/
Power/
New York Times Building Energy Monitoring and Post Occupancy Evaluation
Lighting Control Systems: On/off: Scheduling!
!
New York Times Building Energy Monitoring and Post Occupancy Evaluation
Lighting Control Systems: On/off: Scheduling, Occupancy
Dimming: Setpoint Tuning, Daylight, Demand Response !!
The “Headlines” from The New York Times Building
2003: Building designed to save energy, satisfy occupants • Shading systems and lighting control systems were rigorously
developed and evaluated in a full scale test bed • Owners engaged key systems suppliers via performance specs
2013: Systems (dimming, shading, UFAD) worked well
• Compared to a similar Code-compliant building: • 56% lighting energy savings • 24% total energy savings • 21-25% reduction in summer peak demand • Economic Paybacks appear very reasonable • Overall Occupant Satisfaction is high
• All-glass building!! But with “Integrated Building Systems”
Annual Lighting Energy Use Intensity GSA Green Proving Ground (GPG) Projects:
Install, Test, Evaluate Promising Efficiency Measures in GSA Buildings
0
2
4
6
8
Energy Use Intensity
(kWh/sf-yr)
Building Site
13 Sites with Fluorescent Controls 3 Sites with LED Controls
Pre-retrofit
Post-retrofit LED Controls
Rubinstein!et!al!2014,!2015!
Lighting Performance: 3 metrics GSA Green Proving Ground Projects
Rubinstein!et!al!2014,!2015!
3.0
1.6
0
1
2
3
4
5
Pre-retrofit Post-retrofit
Energy Use Intensity (kWh/sf-
yr)
43% decrease
• Lighting Energy Use Intensity • kWh/sf-yr
36 39
0
10
20
30
40
50
Pre-retrofit Post-retrofit
Light Levels
(lumens/sf)
• Light Levels, fc
• Power density: .96 1.06 • W/sf
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
GPG Lighting Project: Sample Data LED + Tuning + Schedule + Occupancy + Daylight
The Living Lab Demonstration Project
be-exchange.org
BEEx- LBNL Living Lab
Project
Funding:• US Department of Energy
• NYSERDA
• Scherman Foundation
• Significant Host Site Cost Share
LIVING LABS
be-exchange.org
BEEx- LBNL Living Lab
Project
Advanced Lighting Living Labs:• Multiple solution sets on
occupied “lab” floor
• Use “State of the Shelf” technology
• Test with M&V and Occupant Surveys
• Deploy proven solutions widely
• Tech Transfer: Virtual Case Studies; training; programs
• Advocate tailored incentives
LIVING LABS
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BEEx- LBNL Living Lab
Project
Technology Selection Process
• LBNL Tech Research
• Technology RFI based on broad Performance Specification
• Short proposal evaluation
• Full proposal evaluation
• Negotiate hard, soft and install costs
• Install/Commission
LIVING LABS
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BEEx - LBNL
Living Lab Project
Technology SelectionRFI Performance Specs
• Task surface: 30 fc
• LPD tiers: 75%, 50% reduction (per ASHRAE 90.1-2010)
• Lighting energy use tiers 2.0, 1.5, 1.0 kWh/SF/Year
• Daylight, Occupancy, Tuning, Sched’g
• Addressable: from zone to each fixture
• GUI, Support, Cx
LIVING LABS
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BEEx - LBNL
Living Lab Project
Technology SelectionEvaluation Criteria
• Relevance to project objectives
• Maturity
• Technical merit
• Risk
• Experience
• Costs/Benefits
• Market impact potential
LIVING LABS
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BENEFITS
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Typical Building PaybackLIVING LAB
Controls + Fixtures +ShadingCalculated payback (years) 4 5 12 Ten year rate of return 41.4% 13.9% 2.6%
BENEFITS Projected Savings Breakdown
LIVING LAB
Tuning, 50%
Occupancy Sensors,
30%
Daylighting, 20%
Savings from Controls
Savings from
fixtures, 30%
Savings from
controls, 44%
Post-retrofit energy
use, 26%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
1
Potential Energy Savings Breakdown
The Living Lab Demonstration Project
Innovators
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INNOVATORS
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THE PATH FORWARD
One Bryant Park
Bank of AmericaOne Bryant Park, Opened in 2009
1st LEED Platinum Skyscraper
Scale:• 2.35-million-square-feet• 51 stories
Uses:• Stephen Sondheim Theatre• Trading Floor• Office Space
INNOVATORS
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THE PATH FORWARD
One Bryant Park
Bank of America
Environmental features include:• 4.6 MW Co-Generation Plant
• Rainwater Harvesting
• Gray-water filtering
• Thermal Ice storage
INNOVATORS
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THE PATH FORWARD
One Bryant Park
Bank of America
Why be part of the Living Lab?• To reinforce Environmental
Commitment in Flagship Property
• To demo state-of-shelf technology
• To explore whole tower retrofit options
• To potentially replicate into larger portfolio
Living Labs
greenlightny.org
THE PATH FORWARD
One Bryant Park
Bank of America ProposedTechnologies
AREA B1Controls: Lutron (DALI)
AREA B2No changes planned
AREA B3Controls: Encelium Wireless (0-10V)
BOA TECHNOLOGIES
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LIVING LABS
AREA B1
AREA B3
AREA B2
INNOVATORS
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LIVING LAB
Goldman Sachs & Co.200 West Street, Completed 2009
LEED Gold Building Scale:• 2.1-million-square-feet• 43 stories Uses:• Trading Floors• Office Space• Auditorium
200 West Street
INNOVATORS
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LIVING LAB
Goldman Sachs & Co.Environmental features include:• Automated shading and perimeter
daylight dimming
• Under floor air distribution systems
• Ice storage
• Cooling tower optimization
200 West Street
INNOVATORS
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LIVING LAB
Goldman Sachs & Co.Why be part of the Living Lab?
• To demo state of the shelf technology
• To explore innovative fixture options
• To improve lighting/shading integration
• To get guidance for new projects
200 West Street
THE PATH FORWARD
One Bryant Park
Goldman Sachs Proposed Technologies
(not yet confirmed)
GS - TECHNOLOGIES LIVING LABS
AREA G1Controls: Encelium (0-10v, wired)Shades: MechoSystems (automated, existing)Fixtures: Neoray S23
AREA G2Controls: Crestron (DALI, wired) Shades: Lutron (automated)Fixtures: Fluxwerx ‘Profile’
AREA G3Controls: Lutron (wired, DALI)Shades: Lutron (automated)Fixtures: Selux M36 / Peerless
AREA G4Controls: Enlighted (wireless)Shades: MechoSystems (automated, existing)Fixtures: Philips ‘MicroSquare’
INTERIOR OFFICE FIXTURESPhilipsFocal Point
G3
G1 G2
G4
BENEFITS
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One Bryant Park Projected Savings
LIVING LAB
Before After
1.071.07
1.73
53%3.68
16.8
6.72
Lighing Peak Demand (kw)
Lighting Power Density (w/sf)(connected)
Energy Use Intensity
(kWh/sf/yr)
Lighting Energy Savings
BENEFITS
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200 West Street Projected Savings
LIVING LAB
Before After
.79
1.04
0.83
74%
3.17
22.7
9.1
Lighing Peak Demand (kw)
Lighting Power Density (w/sf)(connected)
Energy Use Intensity
(kWh/sf/yr)
Lighting Energy Savings
Early Lessons
LIVING LABS
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• Myriad Options
• Mid Lease Issues
• Fixed Asset Depreciation
• Monetizing Soft Benefits
• Unfamiliarity = Risk
• New Tech = New Companies
The Living Lab Demonstration Project
Next Steps
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BEEx- LBNL Living Lab
Project
Next Steps• Install/Cx
• Technical Training! Control typologies! Functionality! Costs/Benefits! Retrofit challenges! Non-technical challenges
• Reports/Symposia
• Case studies
• Web resources
• Technology exhibits
LIVING LAB
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NEXT STEPS
The Living Lab Demonstration Project
Innovation and Integration
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Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
How do we aggressively accelerate… 1. The learning curve 2. The adoption curve 3. Creation of new partnerships for market
impact 4. Creation of new expectations for market
drivers
Programs Like These Help Define an Innovation Pathway to the Future
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Benefits of High Performance Lighting • Human-centric
– Visually appealing spaces – Excellent visual comfort – Supports visual performance requirements – Good color rendition – Lighting tuned to individual needs and task needs
• Building-centric – Very low lighting energy use – Cost effective to operate – Minimal impact on HVAC energy and peak loads – Easily adaptable to changing building uses – Low Maintenance
• Grid-centric – Grid responsive – Resilient systems
• ….
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Increase Rate of Adoption of
Existing/Emerging Technologies
• Operational improvements • Better Design and Selection
Guidance • New Market channels • New Voluntary and Mandatory
Programs • Education: best use for a
particular application (climate, etc.)
Create Pipeline of New Technology Options and Business
Models
• Incremental improvements to technology available today
• Performance enhancements but Cost reductions
• New features • Breakthrough R&D
• Innovation- new products, new applications
• Components " Integrated Systems
10 year View: “Do It Now” + “Do It Better Tomorrow”/
/
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Future of Automated Shading and Dimmable Lighting
User Preferences Override
Local Window Luminance
Global Solar Conditions
Load Shedding/ Demand Limiting
Signal
Smart Controller
Building Performance (cost, comfort,
operations)
Dynamic Shading, Glare Control
(active control of daylight, glare, solar gain)
H V A C
Sensors, meters,…
Lighting Controls
(daylight sensor)
Smart Contro
ller
Tuning Setpoints, Occupancy sensing,
Overrides Load Demand Shed
Response
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
New Tools for Optimizing Lighting Systems Performance and Building Integration:
FLEXLAB: Facility for Low Energy eXperiments in
Buildings
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Data acquisition and controls
Interchangeable HVAC systems: air- and water-based
Interchangeable lighting and controls
Interchangeable skylights
Interchangeable façade elements: shading, glazing
Granular sensor, instrumentation and metering system
Reconfigurable, “Kit-of-Parts”
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Delivering Answers to Owners and Contractors:
Field Testing in Performance Mockup
Highly Instrumented Office Interior with motorized shading, and dimmable, color tunable LED lighting
Delivering “Comfort” in Floor Area Adjacent to Windows Snapshot of Field Data on Brightness Measurements and Glare Prediction at Workstations
Snapshot of Electric Light, Daylight and Lighting Energy Use
DOE target: LED/Fixtures/Controls/Shading/Daylight " Integrated systems for very low energy use " Affordable, reliable, deployable at scale
Strategy: Create Open, Interoperable Systems on the “Internet of Things” IOT Platform
BIPV
Facade/Solar!intensity!Daylight,!glare!Shade!posiFon!
Ligh<ng/Occupancy!Illuminance!level!Energy!use!
HVAC/Outdoor!and!indoor!temp!Heat/!cool/!econ!mode!!COP!!
Project Vision • High Performance: Energy efficiency, comfort,… • Scalable, Deployable, Affordable
• Seamless systems interoperability e.g. plug and play • Dynamic; Intelligent, Responsive/reactive:
• To changing needs of people, building, grid • To Time Scale- milliseconds/grid to years/tenant change • Continuously Optimized system performance • Resilient in face of unexpected change
• Value Proposition: Win/Win • Designers- seamless design, integration, no VE surprises • Contractors- easier to install, commission, • Owner/Operator- easier to operate; response to churn, rate
hikes • Occupant: More Local control, occupant-friendly UI • Utilities- energy management opportunith • Suppliers- x10 increase in market • Codes/Standards: Outcome-based codes feasible
Active Integrated Perimeter Building Systems
• Year 1: Plan and Refine Program, Partners • Validate Concept, Develop Performance Specs • Build Business Case and Industry Partner Team
• Year 2: Test and Validate IoT Platform • Construct mockup/prototype systems • Evaluate in FLEXLAB testbed • Refine, Optimize Systems Design • Launch, Support Alliance
• Year 3: Demonstrate in Field Test, Occupied Building • High Value, High Visibility building, partner • Enabling tools, data, apps to speed impact…
Future: Significant Impact Comes Only from Comprehensive Balanced Program To routinely deliver high performance lighting in low-
energy buildings we must find a balance between:
Technology
Process
Solutions fail without this balance
Markets Economics
Policy People
Innovation
Create Mutual Benefits for Lighting Systems in High Performance Buildings
Win-Win Oppportunties: • New Technology, Smarter Design offers:
• New Business Opportunities • Design freedom and flexibility • Value-added benefits, e.g. better comfort • New performance benefits: e.g. visibility • Modest extra costs, large annual savings • Lower impact on global environment
Manufacturer
Architect Occupant Owner
Society
Make high performance and energy efficiency a market advantage, not an extra cost or a risk
Must Deliver Measurable Savings!
Turn. It. Off. Noon, June 19, 2015
Lower the lights for one hour. Raise awareness. Transform the conversation. Using daylight in your office reduces emissions, improves well-being, and saves money.
2015 PARTICIPATION
• Durst• Forest City Ratner• Rudin• Tishman Speyer• Vornado• NYC Mayor’s Office• City Council• Con Ed• NYPA• NYSERDA
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Potential Savings• 2014 Daylight Hour equal to: 15,000 miles of Tesla driving• $1M savings potential if participants used daylight all year• 2015 . . . ?
Yetsuh Frankyf@be-exchange.org
RESOURCES
Related Offices Case Study
Let There Be Daylighthttp://Bit.ly/glny-ltbd
Stephen Selkowitzseselkowitz@lbl.gov
RESOURCES
LBL Windowshttp://windows.lbl.gov
Advanced Facades Projecthttp://lowenergyfacades.lbl.gov
Commercial Websitehttp://commercialwindows.org
New York Times Projecthttp://windows.lbl.gov/comm_perf/
newyorktimes.htm
FLEXlab http://flexlab.lbl.gov
Q & A
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