facial nerve paralysis
Post on 08-Jul-2015
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By:
Sakar S.Hassan
Facial nerve paralysis is a common problem that involves the paralysis of any structures innervated by the facial nerve. The pathway of the facial nerve is long and relatively convoluted, and so there are a number of causes that may result in facial nerve paralysis.
Supranuclear and nuclear lesions
Infranuclear lesions:
a. Bell’s palsy
b. Moebius syndrome
c. Acute and chronic otitis media
Multiple
a. Trauma
b. Tumors
Clinical features
• Facial asymmetry• Eyebrow droop• Loss of forehead &
nasolabial folds• Drooping of corner of mouth• Uncontrolled tearing• Inability to close eye• Lips not held tightly together: Difficulty keeping
food in mouth• Facial muscle atrophy (Late)
An idiopathic sudden onset of
facial paralys,is the most common
cause of acute facial nerve paralysis
(>80%).it has been recently linked to
herpes simplex infection.Other conditions that may cause Bell's palsy include:
HIV infection
Lyme disease
Middle ear infection
Sarcoidosis
Patients who develop Bell’s palsy fall into three groups:
1. 85% of individuals completely recover from the Bell’s palsy.
2. 10% of individuals have partial facial weakness.
3. 5% of the patients have complete facial paralysis
OnsetParalysis: Progresses to maximal deficit over 3 to 72 hours
Pain (50%): Near mastoid process
Excess tearing (33%)
Other: Hyperacusis; Dysgeusia
Sudden weakness or paralysis
on one side of face that
causes it to droop.
Drooling.
Eye problems, such as
excessive tearing or a dry eye.
Loss of ability to taste.
Pain in or behind ear.
Numbness in the affected side of face.
Increased sensitivity to sound.
Primary viral infection (herpes)
Early treatment (within 3 days after the onset) is necessary for therapy to be effective.
Steroid: Corticosteroid such as prednisone
Antiviral :(such as acyclovir)
Surgery
Physiotherapy
Facial exercises.
Eye care. A dry eye can lead to sores and serious vision problems. To help protect the eye and keep it moist:
Use your finger to close and open your eyelid often throughout the day.
Use eye drops ("artificial tears") or ointment.
Wear an eye patch , and wear glasses.
Mouth care. Brush and floss your teeth often and eat soft foods.
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