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ExperienceExperience withwith sustainablesustainable and and costcost--effectiveeffective wastewaterwastewater
treatmenttreatment usingusing aerobic aerobic granulesgranules
NeredaNereda®®
Aerobic Aerobic GranuleGranule TechnologyTechnology
DHVConsultancy and Engineering
- 4,700+ staff
- Markets• Aviation• Building and Manufacturing• Metal & Mining• Spatial Planning and Environment• Transportation• Water
- Services• Consultancy and advisory services• Design and engineering• Project and contract management• Operations management• Total solutions
Aerobic granulesCharacteristics:- Excellent settling properties- Pure biomass, no support media required- High biomass concentration- Simultaneous extensive biological N- and P-removal- Simple one-tank concept (no clarifiers)- Small footprint- Simple and easy operation- Sustainable technology- Low costs
activated sludge
aerobic granules
Instead of
use
Granules making up aerobic granular activated sludgeare to be understood as aggregates of microbial origin,
which do not coagulate under reduced hydrodynamic shear,and which subsequently settle significantly faster than
activated sludge flocs.
(First Aerobic Granule Workshop 2004, Munich, Germany)
Measurements:• fraction sludge > 0,212 mm•SVI5 and SVI30 comparable
Key advantages Nereda
- 75% smaller footprint:• high biomass concentration• no selectors, no anaerobic tanks, no clarifiers
Area Requirement (m2)
activated sludge with bio-P
Nereda
Courtesy Merle de Kreuk-TUD
Key advantages Nereda
- 75% smaller footprint:• high biomass concentration• no selectors, no anaerobic tanks, no clarifiers
- >25-35% energy savings:• less rotary equipment• efficient aeration
Area Requirement (m2)
activated sludge with bio-P
Nereda
Courtesy Merle de Kreuk-TUD
Key advantages Nereda
- 75% smaller footprint:• high biomass concentration• no selectors, no anaerobic tanks, no clarifiers
- >25-35% energy savings:• less rotary equipment• efficient aeration
Area Requirement (m2)
activated sludge with bio-P
Nereda
- lower construction & operation costs
Courtesy Merle de Kreuk-TUD
Increased sustainabilityIncreased sustainability-- Less energy consumptionLess energy consumption-- Improved water qualityImproved water quality-- Extensive nutrient removalExtensive nutrient removal-- Less construction materialLess construction material-- No chemicalsNo chemicals-- Less area consumptionLess area consumption
How to make granules?Selection mechanism:settling pressure and/or short decant phase
Nitrification (NH4 + O2 NOx )
P-removal/anoxic growth: (COD + NOx + PO4
3- N2 + CO2 + H2O + poly-P)
Heterotrophic growth (COD + O2 CO2 + H2O)
Oxygen gradient in granule enables simultaneous COD, P and N-removal
NeredaTM process
AeratonNitr / denitr / P-removal
AeratonNitr / denitr / P-removal
air air SettlingSettling
Fill / draw Fill / draw
effluenteffluent
influent influent
All processes in one reactor
Simple cycle
Short settling phase
Fill and draw combined
Continuous feed: multiple reactors or buffer tank
History- Research by Delft University of Technology (DUT) since mid ’90s - close co-operation DUT / DHV since 2000 - Stable granulation, extensive N- en P-removal in DUT lab (2002)- Feasibility study with great potential (2002)- Large pilot-research at Ede STP
(2003-2005)- Start-up industrial launching customer
(end 2004)- Industrial units (2006)- Design/construction municipal units
(2006/2008) 0,250,300,350,400,450,500,55
50.000 75.000 100.000 125.000 150.000 175.000
Annu
al Co
sts
Capacity
Nereda
LLAS
Set-up pilot Ede STP
VB + ZF
Bubbleaeration
Air-liftreactor
Bubbleaeration
Bubbleaeration
PC + SF
PC RD
FASE 1: Granulate formation
FASE 2: Optimised performance
PC + SF
Granule formation Ede STP
Definition: granule if d >212 µm
- natural selection of granules:
- increased start-up by use of granules
0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%
100%
1-mei-04
31-mei-04
30-jun-0430-jul-0429-aug-0428-sep-0428-okt-0427-nov-0427-dec-0426-jan-0525-feb-0527-m
rt-0526-apr-0526-m
ei-0525-jun-05
Frac
tion
of g
ranu
les
as %
of T
DS
GSBR1 TotaalGSBR1 >0.6GSBR1 0.6-0.425GSBR1 0.425-0.212
Process Conditions Ede STP
- Untreated raw wastewater
- Stable granulation with 70 – 90% granules
- Concentration 10-12 kg/m3 MLSS
- Loading 0.05 – 0.06 kg BOD/(kgDS.d)
- Specific loading 0.81 – 1.05 kg COD/(m3.d)
- Sludge characteristics
• SVI30 = 50 - 60 ml/g (130 for conventional)
• SVI5 / SVI30 = 1.1
Performance Ede STP
- Stable granulation
- Effluent quality
• without post treatment:
o Portho < 1 mg/l (no chemicals)
o (NH4 + NO3)-N < 10 mg/l (13 °C)
o SS < 30 mg/l
• with post treatment
o SS < 5 mg/l
- Recent improved operation results in lower SS
NeredaTM process configurationEU-discharge regulations
NeredaNereda
ANAANA PDNPDN ATAT SCSC
Activated SludgeActivated Sludge
NeredaTMNeredaTM
NeredaTM process configurationnew EU-discharge regulations
NeredaNereda FF
ANAANA PDNPDN ATAT SCSC
Activated SludgeActivated Sludge
NeredaTMNeredaTM
FF
Current technology status
- Industrial units in operation since 2005
- Two municipal units under construction (start-up:
May 2008 and July 2008)
- Approx. 6 others in various preparatory state
(pilot validation detailed design tender)
- National Nereda Research Alliance
Epe STP
Epe STP
Epe STP
Summary
Nereda is a breakthrough.....- Simple- Compact- Sustainable- Low investments- Low operating costs- Simultaneous biological organic,
N and P- removal- Good or Excellent effluent quality
.....and shows serious action:- First industrial applications are running- Many others and municipals will follow soon
Ingenuity award 2005
Process Innovationaward 2006
Water Quality & Safety
award 2007
DOW energyaward 2007
Simon StevinGezel Award 2007
More information?
www.nereda.net
www.DHV.com
More information?
www.nereda.net
www.DHV.com
Comparison
BNR Activated Sludge
BNR NeredaTMparameter
effluent quality good similar or better
process stability good similar or better
footprint 100% 25%
energy consumption 100% < 65-75%
sludge production 100% similar or lower
MLSS in reactor 3-5 kg/m3 10-15 kg/m3
CAPEX 100% significantly lower
OPEX 100% significantly lower
SVI and DS
0
3
6
9
12
15
01-01-05
29-01-05
26-02-05
26-03-05
23-04-05
21-05-05
18-06-05
16-07-05
13-08-05To
tal D
S-co
ncen
tratio
n (k
g/m
3)
0
40
80
120
160
200
SVI (
ml/g
)
DS-concentratie SVI 5 SVI30 10 per. Mov. Avg. (DS-concentratie)
N-removal
05
10152025303540
01-12-0431-12-0430-01-0501-03-0531-03-0530-04-0530-05-0529-06-0529-07-05
NH
4-N
+ N
O3-
N (m
g/l)
Reactor 1 Reactor 2
Pre-settled
Pre-settled Raw w astew ater
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