eucharist - thomas more. c4 - eucharist (expanded) - marcella cloran.pdf · new covenant -...
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The Sacrament of the Eucharist • Completes Christian initiation (CCC1322)
• Sacrament of love
- a sign of unity
- a bond of charity
- a Paschal Banquet in which Christ is
consumed.
- which perpetuates the sacrifice of the Cross.
Sacrament continued • Minimum Age: Age of reason (7yrs.- person
able to distinguish the body of Christ from
ordinary food & can receive Holy Communion
reverently.)
Can be repeated? Yes (each time the faithful
participate in the Mass with required dispositions)
(read CCC1388) Obligation once a year.
• Matter: wheat bread (leavened or unleavened)
and natural grape wine
• Form: Bread- “Take this, all of you, and eat it:
this is my body which will be given up for you…”
Sacrament continued
• Wine- “Take this, all of you. and drink…this is the
cup of my blood, the blood of the new and
everlasting covenant. It will be shed for all so that
sins may be forgiven. Do this in memory of me…” (Mk 14:22-26, Mt26;26-30, Lk 22:14-23)
• Ordinary Minister: Validly ordained priest /Bishop
• Extraordinary Minister: None
(Laity can distribute Holy Communion but not
consecrate – called extraordinary minister of Holy
Communion)
What is the Eucharist? • Sacrifice
- covenant – blood – life – Passover
• Memorial
– Lamb of God – Christ, High Priest
• Real Presence – Transubstantiation
• Meal
What is the Eucharist? • Primary meaning of Eucharist-
“thanksgiving” – given to the Father
through, with and in Christ [through the
sacramental priest]. (CCC1359-1361)
• Eucharist is the sacrificial memorial of
Christ and of His Body, the Church - a
real, living, visible re-presentation of
the sacrifice of the Cross. (CCC1362-71)
What is the Eucharist? (continued)
• Eucharist is the presence of Christ,
body, blood, soul, divinity, by the
power of His word and the Holy Spirit.
(Transubstantiation) (CCC1374)
• Eucharist is source and summit of the
Christian life. In it is contained the
whole spiritual good of the Church –
namely Christ Himself. (CCC1324)
)
Sacrifice
• Sacrifice is the act of offering to
God fruits, vegetables, animals,
food, incense or some precious
object (and possibly the burning
and ritual eating of the offering
– a special thanksgiving meal, a
sign of communion with God,
who was considered to be
present at the meal). (Ex 18:12)
• First O.T. sacrifice recorded is
in Genesis 4:3-5. (Cain & Abel)
• The substitution of a goat for
the sacrifice of Isaac shows that
the Israelites were aware of
human sacrifice and its
repudiation in the biblical faith.
(Genesis 22)
Sacrifice Sacrifice of Abraham
• only beloved son, Isaac
• carried on his back wood for
sacrifice.
• on Mount Moriah-future site
of Temple in Jerusalem.
• Abraham says, “God
Himself will provide a lamb
for burnt offering.
• Because of Abraham’s faith
God made the covenant, “I
will make your descendants
as numerous as the stars…”
come true.
Jesus
• only beloved Son of God
• Carried wood cross for his
crucifixion-ultimate sacrifice
• died on Calvary, one of the
hills of Moriah’s range.
• God did provide the Lamb,
Himself, for ‘burnt’ offering
(Sacrifice of the Mass)
• God, in Christ Jesus, made
the blessing for all peoples
(Gal3:14) and swore an oath
to save all nations (Gn22:16-
18)
Covenant
• Moses asked Pharaoh to let his people go to offer a sacrifice in the desert. (Ex 5:1-3).
• God liberated Israel from slavery to Pharaoh so that they could be free to enter into an exclusive, intimate relationship with himself, a covenant. Ratification of covenants by sacrifice is an important biblical theme. Gen8:20
• God gave them the law that would be the condition of this covenant and they sealed the deal through a rather strange ritual. (Exodus 24:3-8)
Blood - Life - Passover • In the sacrifice to seal the
covenant with Moses and the Israelites half the blood of the sacrificed animals was poured out to God at the base of the altar. The other half was sprinkled upon the people. This blood ceremony bound Israel and God making them intimate kin, a family, a community. Blood equaled life in the mind of the ancient Israelites. (It was forbidden to consume blood, since all life belonged to God.(Lv7:26-27 )
• Moses and the elders further celebrated their new blood relationship with God by eating the sacrificed animals in God’s presence, on the Holy Mountain. (Ex 24:11) (Ex12:7, 12-13)
Old Covenant Passover
• Lamb without blemish
• Sacrificial lamb died as ransom.
Passover was act of ransom in
place of firstborn.
• Blood on lintels meant life for
Jewish people.
• For sprinkling blood on lintels
hyssop branch used.
• Unleavened bread used.
• Necessary for redemption from
slavery of Egypt.
Jesus’ Passover
• Jesus is the Lamb Rev-28 times
• Jesus, the sinless, died for all &
did what millions of sacrificed
lambs could never do.
• Blood of the New Covenant
shed for all to give life.
• Hyssop branch used to give Jesus
on the Cross sour wine
• Unleavened bread at Mass. (R)
• Central to Jesus’ mission to
redeem man from slavery of sin.
Passover
New Covenant - Sacrifice - Eucharist
• Jesus identified His own death as a
sacrifice, a shedding of blood for a new
covenant. (Mk 14:22-24)
• The setting of the Last Supper clearly
recalled the Passover sacrifice. (Mt
26:17-19, 26-29; Mk 14:12-21; Lk
22:7-9, 15- 20) Eucharist is a sacrifice
because it is a memorial of Christ’s
Passover. It re-presents(makes present)
the sacrifice of the Cross and applies its
fruit: liberation from sin, Satan and
even death. (Rv1:5 & CCC1366)
• The designation of Christ as “Lamb of
God” implies that He is a sacrificial
victim. (Jn1:29; Rv 5:6, 14,17; 22:1)
• Paul’s letter to the Hebrews (10:12) is
an important portrayal of Christ, the
High Priest’s sacrificial role, his
perfect obedience in self-offering – the
“single sacrifice for sins”.
What is this Sacrament called?
1) Eucharist – thanksgiving
2) Lord’s Supper (Cf I Cor 11:20; Rev19:9)
3) Breaking of Bread (Cf Mt 26:26; 1 Cor 11:24; Acts2:42, 46; 20:7, 11)
4) Eucharistic Assembly (Cf 1 Cor 11:17-34)
5) Memorial of our Lord’s Passion &
Resurrection
- Holy Mass or Holy Sacrifice of the Mass
- Holy and Divine Liturgy (Heb13:15; 1 Pet 2:5; Ps 116:13; Mal 1:11)
What is this sacrament called? continued
6) Most Blessed Sacrament (see source and summit of life)
7) Holy Communion (Cf 1 Cor 10-16)
8) Viaticum – food for final journey (anointing )
9) Bread of angels, bread from Heaven,
bread of life (see next slide)
10)Real Presence - Eucharistic Adoration
-body (real person)
-blood (centre of life)
-soul (home of Spirit)
-Divinity –Trinitarian Love
Eucharist – Bread of Life
In the Old Covenant
bread and wine were
offered in sacrifice
among the first fruits of
the earth as a sign of
grateful acknowledgment
to the Creator (Gen 4:3-4).
Melchizedek, king-priest
brought out bread &
wine (Gen 14:18-20), a
prefiguring of the
Church’s offering.
Comparison Old Covenant
• Melchizedek
king - priest
• Offered bread &
wine
• King of Salem,
land that became
“Jerusalem”– city
of peace
New Covenant
• Jesus Christ
king – priest
• Changed bread &
wine
• Rose as king of the
Heavenly
Jerusalem – will
come again.
•
Eucharist - Bread of Life-continued
• Bread and wine received new
significance in context of
Exodus.
• Unleavened bread eaten by
Israel every year at Passover
commemorates the haste of the
departure from a life of slavery. (Ex 12:14-17)
• Manna, the miraculous (in
manner & quantity)
nourishment (bread) provided
by God for the Israelites in the
desert, has, by a natural
symbolism, come to be
regarded as a type of the
Eucharist. (Ex16:4-6; 21-25)
Bread of Life
• In the New Covenant many examples from the Gospels clearly illustrate
Jesus’ concern that the people who accompanied him were nourished
and taken care of: e.g. Feeding of the 4000 (Mk 8:1-6).
• Wedding feast of Cana (Jn 2:1-10) and the multiplication of the loaves
and fishes (Mt 14:15-21) prefigure the fulfillment of the wedding feast
of Heaven and the superabundance of the unique bread of the Eucharist.
Last Supper • Jesus shared the unique and special meal, the Last Supper, with His
apostles – the first Eucharist. The apostles understood that Jesus’
words “This is my Body…This is my Blood…Do this in remembrance
of Me…” meant that this action was to be repeated again and again
until the Lord returned as he had promised. (1 Cor 11:23-25; Mark
14:25)
Effects of Eucharist 1) A more intimate union with Jesus (CCC1391)
2) Separates Christian from a life of sin
3) formative of not only the individual
person but also of the entire community of
believers. (helps in practice of good works)
4) “pledge of the glory to come”
“He who eats my flesh and drinks my blood
has eternal life and abides in me and I in
him”. (Jn 6:51, 54, 56)
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