ergogenic aids
Post on 11-Jan-2016
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Any substance (or food) that is believed to enhance one’s performance above normal standards
The IOC definition: “The administration or use of substances in any form alien to the body or of physiological substances in abnormal amounts and with abnormal methods by health persons with the exclusive aim of attaining an artificial and unfair increase in performance in sports”
The use substances is controversial
Large amount of athletes
Drug testing instituted to help eliminate the use of these substances
Use of these substances cannot be condoned!
Ethical violations Competition
Health problems
Reduce fatigue Increase strength, power, and
speed Decrease reaction time Improve body composition Research indicates that there
are no beneficial effects Side-effects
Tremors, palpitations, headache, restlessness, anxiety, and insomnia
Increases in both heart rate and blood pressure
Seizures, severe hypertension, arrhythmias, psychosis, hepatitis, stroke, myocardial injury, and intracranial hemorrhage
• 90% of competitive athletes consume it
• 60 % consume it for the purpose of enhancing performance.
• Increased • Work output• Speed• Attention • Reduced perceived
exertion and fatigue• Side-effects
• Sleep deprivation, nausea, cramping, anxiety, fatigue, headaches, and gastrointestinal instability
• Muscle tightness, muscle cramping, and dehydration
Narcotics Beta Blockers Diuretics Anabolic steroids Human Growth
Hormone Erythropoietin/
Blood doping Local Anesthetics Creatine
What is the drug? What does it do? How could it help
performance? What are side-
effects?
Masks pain caused by musculoskeletal injury, Allows them to
compete Side-Effects of
Narcotics Nausea Vomiting Dizziness Addiction Hypotension Drowsiness Mood disturbances
Reduces Blood pressure, heart rate,
muscle tremors and even anxiety
Relaxing effect on muscle function
Side-effects Severe blood sugar
changes and heart failure Interferes with performing
strenuous physical activities
Nausea Weakness when the heart
cannot compensate for the body's demands
Increases the amount you urinate Sports where weight is
a concern Dilute presence of
drug markers in the urine
Side-effects Life-threatening
dehydration Loss of sodium,
dizziness, headaches, muscle cramps and thirst
Male hormone testosterone Treat conditions that cause a loss of
lean muscle mass Help body metabolize proteins Facilitate the development of skeletal
muscle Delay fatigue Create a feeling of euphoria
Side-effects men infertility, breast development, shrinking of
the testicles, male-pattern baldness, severe acne and cysts
Side-effects women Deeper voice, excessive growth of body
hair, male-pattern baldness, severe acne and cysts
Other Effects of Anabolic Steroid Abuse Delayed growth in adolescents,
tendon rupture, increased LDL cholesterol, decreased HDL cholesterol, high blood pressure, heart attacks, enlargement of the heart's left ventricle, cancer, jaundice, fluid retention, HIV/AIDS, hepatitis, "roid rage" - rage and aggression, mania, delusions
Brain produces and releases growth hormones Development and repair of cells
Proposed Benefits Increased synthesis of muscle
protein Stimulation of bone growth Increased fat metabolism Decreased body fat Increased blood glucose Enhanced injury healing
Side-effects Carpal tunnel syndrome Edema Arthritis Atrophy, or shrinkage, of the
pituitary gland
Naturally-occurring hormone Stimulates production of red
blood cells
Proposed Benefits Improved oxygen circulation
to the muscles and tissues Increased muscle energy
production Increased muscle strength
and size Increased endurance Reduced muscle recovery
time Side-effects
Thicken the blood Increases the strain on the heart Increases the risk of blood clots Heart attacks Strokes
Treating inflammation and the pain and discomfort associated with inflammation
Possible Benefits Able to play on injury area Less pain
Side-effects Hemorrhaging or bleeding Mental functions impaired Allergic reaction Destruction of the cartilage in the
joint Nerve damage Weakened and ruptured tendons Thinning of the nearby bone Increased pain and discomfort, as
well as a worsening of the underlying condition
non-essential amino acid stored in muscles for energy
formed from amino acids and plays a role in converting food into energy
kidney disease and kidney failure, water retention, nausea, diarrhea, cramping, muscle pain, and high blood pressure
Name a few things about any of the PED’s that you didn’t know before or that you found interesting.
Video
The goal of sporting organizations is to protect the health of athletes and to help ensure that competition is fair and equitable.
Sports programs should have full-service programs that provide substance abuse education, counseling, and drug-detection.
Drug testing should be performed periodically in a random manner.
Athletes, parents, coaches, athletic trainers, physicians, and administrators must be educated about the dangers of drug abuse and the fact that it has no place in sports participation and recreation.
Above all, a sports program must adopt the philosophy that “winning at all costs” is wrong.
It is essential for athletes to believe that if they do their very best and adhere to the rules of the sport, they will be doing exactly what is expected of them.
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