energy. hydrocarbons are fuel hydrocarbons (compounds with c and h) have energetic bonds. they can...
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Energy
Hydrocarbons are fuel
Hydrocarbons (compounds with C and H) have energetic bonds.
They can react with oxygen to release energy.
These reactions are called COMBUSTION.
Combustion reactions look like this:
CxHy + O2 CO2 + H2O + energy
Hydrocarbons - numbers
C and H Named by number of carbon atoms and
type of bonds.
1. C = meth 6. C = hex
2. C = eth 7. C = hept
3. C = prop 8. C = oct
4. C = but 9. C = non
5. C = pent 10. C = dec
Organic Chemistry - bonds
If all bonds are single, compound ends in –ane
Formula will be CnH2n+2
If one is double, compound ends in –ene Formula will be CnH2n
If one is triple, compound ends in –yne Formula will be CnH2n-2
ACK! That’s too much! What do I really need to know?
KNOW this
Methane is CH4 (natural gas)
Octane is C8H18 (gasoline)
Coal is mostly just C (but contains some H, O, S, N, and trace elements)
Trace elements include Hg, Pb, Se, As, Cd, Co, Cr, Ni, Sb, Se
Coal combustion: C +O2 CO2
Fractional
distillation
separates
components
based on
boiling point.
Alternative Fuels
brainstorm
World vs US
Alternative sources of hydrocarbons Hydraulic fracturing Oil shales, oil sands Methane hydrates in ocean bottom
Using less energy
Cogeneration Green roofs, straw bale houses Energy efficient lighting Insulation
Using solar energy
Active solar home heating Passive solar home heating Solar cookers Photovoltaic cells
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SBWi3NtND68 (solar lights)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ehDgXrpRlTU (solar water heating)
Other sources
Wind Tidal/wave energy Hydroelectric Biofuels Geothermal Hydrogen
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