economic growth and environmental sustainability

Economic Growth And Environmental Sustainability

The Philippines

CASE STUDY

Outline

• Introduction of Case• Beyond the Ten point Agenda:

• Long term Economic Development Goals• More Than Seven thousand Islands

Introduction

• This study is about the state of Philippines natural resources and environment during the early years of 21st Century.

Introduction

• After the 1992 Earth Summit• Philippines launched its own version of agenda

21, known as“ Sustainable Development Framework”

Referred to as

“ PA 21”

P = Philippines

A = Agenda

21= Twenty First Century

Introduction

• This agenda took off during the presidency of Fiedel Valdez Ramos and continued during the Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo presidency.

Introduction

• The status of PA 21 in addressing • Civil Society.• Environmental Management.• Sustainable Development Concerns.

Introduction

• There is a strong link between • Poverty• Fertility• Malnourishment• Environmental Damage• Civil Struggle

Introduction

• Partha Dasgupta has emphasized that traditional and resource economics is not sufficient to explain the needs of developing world.

Introduction

• Dasgupta stresses that the gap between rich and poor nation is so wide that attempts at analyzing LDC circumstances using MDC premises becomes irrevelnt and often inappropriate.

Introduction

• Philippines has recorded average GDP growth rate of just 3.1% for 30 years to 2004 along with• Low saving• High population growth• High unemployment• Pale performance of agricultural sector• Weak Governance

Introduction

• Paul Hutchcroft referred to the Philippines as a “Longstanding development BOG“ because it was experiencing low and even negative rates of economic growth compared to many neighbor countries in 1980-1990s

Beyond the Ten point Agenda

• President Macapagal-Arroyo set ten point Agenda when she took office in 2001.• Job creation• Providing scholarship opportunities• Educational facilities• Balancing the budget• Decentralization• Universal provision of electricity and water• Decongestion of metropolitan Manila• Development of international service

Beyond the Ten point Agenda

• Logistics centers• Automation of the electoral process• Political reconciliation

Beyond the Ten point Agenda

• There is strong correlation between development and environmental consequences has long been recognized.

Industrialization

Urbanization

Economic growth

Development

Air Pollution

Water pollution

Beyond the Ten point Agenda

More than Seven thousand Islands

• The Philippines archipelago covers approximately 300000 square Kilometers of Land area in south east asia between the Philippine Sea and the south china sea.

• The three main island groups are:• Luzon• Visayas• Mindanao

LUZON

VISAYAS

MINDANAO

More than Seven thousand Islands

• The country sits astride a typhoon belt and is hit by 20 to 30 typhoons annually.Other natural hazards include landslides, active volcano and earthquakes.

More than Seven thousand Islands

• The Country gained its independence in 1946 • A popular revolution in 1986 ousted Ferdinand Marcos

the dictator who ruled for 21 years. Corazon Aquino replaced him as president.

More than Seven thousand Islands

• Philippines has 74% of world’s mangrove species.

More than Seven thousand Islands

• Philippines has 98% of coral species

More than Seven thousand Islands

• Philippines has 67% of species in the major group of animals and plants not found else where in the world.

• 6% of the world’s birds• 5% of flora species• 4% of mammals.

More than Seven thousand Islands

• The country is thus abundantly blessed with a diverse and ecologically rich environment however the situation of Philippine environment is dismal.

• Environmental degradation and overexploitation of natural resources have resulted in state of decline.

Environmental degradation

THANKS