diiferent types of road

Different types of roads and patterns

ABHISHEK DIXITAssistant Professor

Depending on weather condition

Types of roads• All-weather roads: Negotiable during all

weather

• Fair- weather : Traffic may be interrupted during monsoon season.

Depending upon types of road pavement

Types of roads• Paved roads

• Unpaved roads

Depending upon types of surfacing

Types of roads• Surface roads

• Un-surfaced roads

Nagpur Road Plan/1st road plan

Types of roads• National Highways

• State Highways

• Major District Road

• Other District Roads

• Village Roads

Modified classification of Road System by 3rd road development plan

Types of roads• Primary System

Expressways and National Highways

• Secondary System

State Highways and Major District Roads

• Tertiary system or Rural roads

Other District Road and Village Roads

Classification of Urban Roads

1. Expressways

2. Arterial Streets

3. Sub-Arterial Streets

4. Collector’s Streets

5. Local Streets

Expressways

• For Speedy and heavy traffic• Pedestrians not allowed• Connect main markets, important places• Complete separation of opposite moving traffic

by a divider or median• Level crossings, sharp curves, steep gradients

avoided• Telephone facility, Highway Police, Servicing

Stations, Refreshment Facility available at regular intervals

• Heavy Traffic with high speed (120 Km/Hr.)

• Land width= 90 m.

• Connects major points of traffic generation

• Slow moving traffic is not allowed

• No loading unloading and parking allowed

• Full Access control

Arterial Streets

• For the heavy/important traffic inside the city

• Usually along the expressways serving as principal network of traffic flow

• Join central business district with outside residential areas

• Parking, loading, unloading prohibited

• Pedestrians are allowed to cross only at intersections

Arterial Streets

• Design Speed: 80 km/hr.

• Land width= 50-60 m.

Sub-Arterial Streets

• Less traffic than arterial streets

• Pedestrians are allowed to cross only at intersections

• Spacing varies from 0.5 km in central business areas to 3 to 5 km in residential area.

• Parking, loading, unloading usually restricted and controlled

Sub Arterial Streets

• Bus stops but no standing vehicle.

• Design Speed: 60 Km/hr.

• Land width= 30-40 m.

Collector’s Streets

• Meant for collecting the traffic from local streets to arterial streets

• Full access allowed from properties alongside

• Situated in residential, commercial, industrial areas

• Few parking restrictions except for peak hours

Collector Streets

• Design Speed: 50 km/hr.

• Land width= 20-30 m.

Local Streets

• Open access from residents, business or other properties.

• Does not carry large volume of traffic.

• Unrestricted parking and pedestrians allowed

Local Streets

• Design Speed: 30 km/hr.

• Land width= 10-20 m.

Urban Road Patterns

Rectangular/Block Pattern

Radial (Star) and Block Pattern

Radial (Star) and Circular Pattern

Radial (Star) and Grid Pattern

Hexagonal Pattern

Minimum Travel Pattern

Sr. No. Point of Comparison Roadways Railways

1 Type of trafficCars, bikes, trucks, lorries,

buses, etc.Goods & passenger trains

2 Width of right of way More Less

3 Tractive resistance More Less

4 Special operational devices Not required Required

5 Rate of accidents More Less

6 Cost of Construction & maintenance Low High

7 Suitability to hilly areas Suitable Not suitable

8 Load carrying capacity Low High

9 Distance of travel Short Long

10 Gradients & curvesSteep gradients & sharp

curves can be provided

Only smooth gradients or

curves should be provided

11Requirement of skilled labour for

construction & maintenanceNot required Required

Comparison between Roadways & Railways: