diiferent types of road
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Different types of roads and patterns
ABHISHEK DIXITAssistant Professor
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Depending on weather condition
Types of roads• All-weather roads: Negotiable during all
weather
• Fair- weather : Traffic may be interrupted during monsoon season.
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Depending upon types of road pavement
Types of roads• Paved roads
• Unpaved roads
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Depending upon types of surfacing
Types of roads• Surface roads
• Un-surfaced roads
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Nagpur Road Plan/1st road plan
Types of roads• National Highways
• State Highways
• Major District Road
• Other District Roads
• Village Roads
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Modified classification of Road System by 3rd road development plan
Types of roads• Primary System
Expressways and National Highways
• Secondary System
State Highways and Major District Roads
• Tertiary system or Rural roads
Other District Road and Village Roads
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Classification of Urban Roads
1. Expressways
2. Arterial Streets
3. Sub-Arterial Streets
4. Collector’s Streets
5. Local Streets
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Expressways
• For Speedy and heavy traffic• Pedestrians not allowed• Connect main markets, important places• Complete separation of opposite moving traffic
by a divider or median• Level crossings, sharp curves, steep gradients
avoided• Telephone facility, Highway Police, Servicing
Stations, Refreshment Facility available at regular intervals
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• Heavy Traffic with high speed (120 Km/Hr.)
• Land width= 90 m.
• Connects major points of traffic generation
• Slow moving traffic is not allowed
• No loading unloading and parking allowed
• Full Access control
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Arterial Streets
• For the heavy/important traffic inside the city
• Usually along the expressways serving as principal network of traffic flow
• Join central business district with outside residential areas
• Parking, loading, unloading prohibited
• Pedestrians are allowed to cross only at intersections
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Arterial Streets
• Design Speed: 80 km/hr.
• Land width= 50-60 m.
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Sub-Arterial Streets
• Less traffic than arterial streets
• Pedestrians are allowed to cross only at intersections
• Spacing varies from 0.5 km in central business areas to 3 to 5 km in residential area.
• Parking, loading, unloading usually restricted and controlled
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Sub Arterial Streets
• Bus stops but no standing vehicle.
• Design Speed: 60 Km/hr.
• Land width= 30-40 m.
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Collector’s Streets
• Meant for collecting the traffic from local streets to arterial streets
• Full access allowed from properties alongside
• Situated in residential, commercial, industrial areas
• Few parking restrictions except for peak hours
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Collector Streets
• Design Speed: 50 km/hr.
• Land width= 20-30 m.
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Local Streets
• Open access from residents, business or other properties.
• Does not carry large volume of traffic.
• Unrestricted parking and pedestrians allowed
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Local Streets
• Design Speed: 30 km/hr.
• Land width= 10-20 m.
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Urban Road Patterns
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Rectangular/Block Pattern
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Radial (Star) and Block Pattern
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Radial (Star) and Circular Pattern
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Radial (Star) and Grid Pattern
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Hexagonal Pattern
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Minimum Travel Pattern
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Sr. No. Point of Comparison Roadways Railways
1 Type of trafficCars, bikes, trucks, lorries,
buses, etc.Goods & passenger trains
2 Width of right of way More Less
3 Tractive resistance More Less
4 Special operational devices Not required Required
5 Rate of accidents More Less
6 Cost of Construction & maintenance Low High
7 Suitability to hilly areas Suitable Not suitable
8 Load carrying capacity Low High
9 Distance of travel Short Long
10 Gradients & curvesSteep gradients & sharp
curves can be provided
Only smooth gradients or
curves should be provided
11Requirement of skilled labour for
construction & maintenanceNot required Required
Comparison between Roadways & Railways: