developing interactive materials for a network-based self-access language learning environment
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Developing Interactive Materials for a Network-based Self-access Language Learning
Environment
By Rita M. Niemann
Beginnings of Self-access
The first Self-access Centres or Resource Centres are developed in the late 1960s/early 1970s.
They are library-like collections of audio and
video materials.
Motivations for Self-access
End of the behaviourism-based audio-lingual approach
Introduction of learner-centered communicative approach
Shortcomings of Self-access work
Littlewood points to the lack of a clear pedagogical framework in establishing self-access facilities.
Unlike with the first language laboratories, setting up self-access was NOT theory driven but has to be seen in the educational concept of ‘autonomy’ (1997: 81).
Self-access Work
Pre-communicative work
Communicative practice
Structured communication
Authentic communication
1
Focus on forms
2
Focus on meanings
3 4
Figure 1: Littlewood 1997
Shortcomings of Self-access
„The most problematic area is on the right hand side of the continuum in the domain of productive skills, where the learner requires the kind of message based feedback that the human respondent normally provides.” (Littlewood 1997: 88)
Interactive Network-based Self-access
Why do we want IT? What can IT do?
Objectives
Supplement and enhance curriculum of German language modules by providing IT-based learning resources
Promote autonomous and individualised learning
Motivate learners to discover and exploit the potential of the Internet and electronic means of communication for their learning
Methodological Principles
Learner-centrednessTask-based learningProcess orientation
Pre-communicative work
Communicative practice
Structured communication
Structured Communication
Self-access Work
Pre-communicative work
Communicative practice
Structured communication
Authentic communication
1
Focus on forms
2
Focus on meanings
3 4
Figure 1: Littlewood 1997
Discussion Forum
Chat Room
Movie2Studio
Online coursework component
Online Learner Reflection
- Attached to only a few exercises
- Completed Reflections are saved as data on server
- All reflections are accessible to all learners in the class
Quotes from reflections: Comments
Student 1:
Example:
Quotes from reflections: About Help
Student 1:
Example:
Quotes from reflections: What did you learn?
Student 1:
Example:
Quotes from reflections: Comments
Student 2:
Example:
Quotes from reflections: About Help
Student 2:
Example:
Quotes from reflections: What did you learn?
Student 2:
Example:
Tentative Results from Survey
Part B: Use of Technology in Learning
ONLY
– 12 (17.1%) have prior experience in taking an online course
– 6 (8.6%) have prior experience with network-based language learning
– 16 (22.9%) have prior experience with language learning CD ROMs
Tentative Results from Survey
Part C: Evaluation of the Online Coursework– C3: Variety of help functions
Completely satisfactory 9 12.7% Very satisfactory 23 32.4% Satisfactory 26 36.6% Not very satisfactory 10 14% Not satisfactory 2 2.8% No experience/idea 1 1.4%
Tentative Results from Survey
Part C: Evaluation of the Online Coursework– C4: Availability of help functions
Completely satisfactory 7 9.9% Very satisfactory 20 28.2% Satisfactory 30 42.3% Not very satisfactory 11 15.5% Not satisfactory 2 2.8% No experience/idea 1 1.4%
Tentative Results from Survey
Part C: Evaluation of the Online Coursework– C7: Reflection form
Completely satisfactory 2 2.8% Very satisfactory 8 11.3% Satisfactory 32 45% Not very satisfactory 17 23.9% Not satisfactory 7 9.9% No experience/idea 5 7%
Part D: Overall Evaluation of learning while engaged in Learning activities…– in doing online coursework
Completely satisfactory 9 12.7% Very satisfactory 18 25.4% Satisfactory 33 46.5% Not very satisfactory 7 9.9% Not satisfactory 4 5.6% No experience/idea 0 0%
Outlook
We are just in the beginning stages of network-based self-access language learning.
Future ICT developments will enable higher degree of interactive language learning possibilities in all skill areas.
Current and Future Developments
Speech Recognition Audio Conferenceing Video Conferencing Text to speech Speech to text
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