designing governance for native hawaiians

Designing Governance for

Native Hawaiians

Seizing the Opportunity to Innovate

Native Hawaiian Chamber of Commerce Willows

August 21, 2014

Richard Kaipo Lum, PhD Vision Foresight Strategy LLC

“Reframing the future.”

www.visionforesightstrategy.com

richard@visionforesightstrategy.com

Lum

James Dator

Glenn Paige

Fred Riggs

Raymond Studer

David Greene

Glen Schubert

Samuel Finer

Eric Beinhocker Richard Nelson

Richard Nelson

Hendrik Spruyt

Fernand Braudel

Stephen Jay Gould

James Rosenau

Thomas Risse Stephen Krasner

Dennis Wrong Bertrand Russell

Jon Pierre/ B. Guy Peters

Clayton M. Christensen

Futures, political design

Co-evolution of technologies

Evolution of the State

Complexity, Future of the State

Governance w/o States

Power

History of government

Governance, Future of the State

Disruptive Innovation

Mo‘o ‘Ike

“Today we find ourselves with political systems

based on 18th century philosophy,

run with 19th century administrations,

built on 20th century technologies,

attempting to confront 21st century challenges."

Richard A. K. Lum, PhD

A Rare Historic Moment

Political Community

Process Content

This moment is about creating

There will be no better or more important time for us to be innovative

"...everywhere people and their societies have entered an emergent

epoch, an epoch marked by pervasive uncertainties, perplexing

ambiguities, and unending contradictions fostered by a wide range

of dynamics, not the least being newly empowered individuals and

expanded roles for nongovernmental agents of change."

James Rosenau, Distant Proximities

A SUPER SHORT HISTORY OF MODERN

POLITICAL DESIGN

The lineage of the modern governance

Lineage of Modern Governance

Athens

Rome

Middle Ages → Enlightenment

English Civil Wars

American Revolution

• Citizenship • Democracy

• “Roman” citizenship • Checks & balances • Mixed government

• Representation • Passive citizenship • The modern state • Sovereignty

• Separation of powers • Constitutions • ConCons • Federalism

Popular sovereignty, Consent of the governed…

The Geo-History of Modern Governance

Implications of Our Political History

• Constitution document

• Tripartite government

• Elected representatives

• Passive citizenship

• A society of states

"At Westphalia in 1648, a set of general rules for the conduct of international relations was concretized in the peace treaties. As we show, those rules make it difficult for the world to deal with many kinds of contemporary problems, and our critique of the Westphalian settlement rests on the belief that these kinds of global problems for which Westphalia is dysfunctional have grown most dramatically over the years and are therefore in the most dire need of attention.”

Kegley and Raymond. The Ghost of Westphalia.

The Long, But Perfect, Quote

THE EMERGING POLITICAL LANDSCAPE

The world’s assumptions about governance will be tested

The Larger Context of Political Change

POLITICAL INNOVATION

Spurring adaptations to meet emerging challenges

“IN THE TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY, IT IS BECOMING increasingly clear

that conventional modes of political steering by nation-states and

international regulations are not effectively dealing with global

challenges such as environmental problems, humanitarian

catastrophes, and new security threats.”

Thomas Risse. Governance Without a State: Policies and Politics in Areas of Limited Statehood

Sustaining Innovation

Improving performance along the established, expected dimensions

The Athenian reforms of Solon

(594 BCE)

Constitution-making process of South Africa (CE 1990s)

Disruptive Innovation

Redefining the dimensions of performance or serving new customers

The Athenian reforms of Cleisthenes

(508 CE)

Constitution-making process of the USA

(CE 1787)

Clayton M. Christensen. The Innovator's Dilemma: When New Technologies Cause Great Firms to Fail

Political Innovation in the Lineage of the Modern State

More Examples of Political Innovation

Sustaining Disruptive

Improving performance along the established, expected dimensions

Redefining the dimensions of performance or serving new customers

Constitution-making/ state-building

• Iceland’s constitution-making process (2012)

• America’s constitution-making process (1787)

Daily governance • Data.gov • “We the People” White House

petition site • SmartCongress.org

• Github* • Algorithms/automation/

machine learning* • Participatory budgeting*

Community/ non-state actors

• Honolulu 311 mobile app • FixMyStreet

• Mosaic rights* • Crisis mapping*

Ask Yourself: What are You Trying to Do?

Are you just trying to improve the behaviors of the system,

or are you trying to redefine the system?

THE PROCESS IS THE THING

Process constrains design

The Basic Constitution-Making Process

Intro…

“You won’t get a 21st century design using

an 18th century process.”

Richard A. K. Lum, PhD

“Tunisian Constituent Assembly” (image removed)

Representative Process

All of the design work is performed by the delegates within the Constitutional Convention.

Participatory Design Process

Most of the design work is conducted by the delegates in the Convention.

A select number of issues are given to the full political community to collaboratively design (which the ConCon must accept).

Democratic Process

All of the design work is performed – collaboratively – by the full political community via open design conferences and online collaboration tools.

Let’s Compare

Control Democratic Quotient

Innovation Potential

Representative Process

High Low Low

Participatory Design Process

Medium Medium Medium

Democratic Process

Low High High

A FEW KEY TERMS

Evolving our language and mindsets

Key Concepts to (Re)consider

Governance

Political Community

Sovereignty

…Along with…

Democracy vs. Representative Government

The Future of Power

BUILDING AN INVENTORY FOR

INNOVATION

Assembling a new set of building blocks

New Concepts and

Design Principles

• Limited Statehood

• Shared Sovereignty

• Deep Democratization

• Open Data

New Physical

Technologies

• Mobile Devices

• Online Collaboration

• Big Data

• Digital Assistants

New Political

Technologies

• Participatory Budgeting

• Mosaic Rights

• Crisis Mapping

• Sortition

CONCLUSIONS

Heading off in new directions

A Moment to Be Innovative

Political Community

Process Content

Ultimately, We Will Use Multiple Horizons