design and technology week 7 work for year 7 · drawing shapes all objects are really just a...
Post on 22-Sep-2020
2 Views
Preview:
TRANSCRIPT
Design and Technology Week 7 work for Year 7
You should have already completed the tasks on how to draw cylinders. If you haven't, do thisfirst (the tasks follow in this presentation).
If you have learnt how to draw cylinders, move on to the tasks which help you learn how todraw cubes (further down in this presentation).
3D DrawingWhen sketching products/ideas by hand, it is beneficial if you can make the sketch look 3D.
This will make the item you are sketching look more realistic and help people who are looking
at the sketch to understand it better.
When your teacher assesses your sketched ideas in Year 7, 8 and 9, one thing we look for is the
quality of your communication. This means how well you present your ideas so that others can
understand them, through both the quality of the sketches and your written notes (annotation).
This is also assessed if you take the Design and Technology GCSE.
There are different techniques you can use to make your sketches look 3D. We are going to learn
some of the techniques now.
Drawing shapesAll objects are really just a combination of different shapes. If you can learn how to draw shapes
in 3D you can then put these together to create objects.
CylindersWe will start with cylinders.
A cylinder is made up of
two ellipses and two parallel
lines.
An ellipse is the shape you see
when you view a circle from an
angle. It looks like a squashed
circle. There is an ellipse at the
top and bottom of the cylinder.
Parallel lines are lines that
are the same distance apart
and will never meet. There are
parallel lines on each side of the
cylinder.
Ellipse
Parallel lines
Ellipse
Ellipses
To draw an ellipse, take a pencil and make the shape of the ellipse
without actually touching the lead on the paper. Do this a few times
to get the feel of the shape and how to make it.
You should be moving the pencil quite quickly and holding the pencil
securely but not too tightly. You need your hand to be able to move
freely and smoothly.
Next, whilst still repeating the shape of the ellipse lower the lead onto
the paper. Do not press too hard, you want to achieve a light sketchy
line. You may have to overlap the pencil lines and draw the shape a few
times over the top of previous lines until you get it right. This is fine.
This is not an ellipse.
It has sharp points like an eye.
It needs to be more rounded.
This is not an ellipse.
It is too flat.
It is more of a sausage shape.
This is a good ellipse.
It looks like a squashed circle.
Notice the overlapping lines
and that the line is quite sketchy.
This is what you need to aim for.
Keep practicing until you feel more confident
when drawing ellipses.
Remember this success criteria:
• Use a light pressure on your pencil
• Make the shape quickly to get a
smoother line (you shouldn’t be stopping
and restarting the line, it should be
continuous)
• Overlapping helps you refine and improve
the shape if your first attempt wasn’t
great. Don’t rub out.
• The shape should be rounded- no pointy
corners or flat edges.
Cylinders- Follow the steps below to draw a cylinder
1) Start with an ellipse. Follow the success criteria on the previous
page for drawing ellipses.
2) Next, add a center line. This should be drawn with a very light
pressure and be feint (I’ve drawn mine darker so you can see it).
If you want to, make this a dashed line so it is different from the
other lines. The centre line should start in the center of the ellipse
and work its way down vertically at 90 degrees to the bottom of
the page.
3) Next, draw two vertical parallel lines from each end of the
ellipse. They should be exactly the same distance from the center
line and should be at 90 to the bottom edge of the page.
4) Finally, add the bottom ellipse. Its outer edges should line up
with the two vertical lines. You can carefully rub out the center line
now if you want to.
Congratulations! You have drawn an cylinder!
Practice makes perfect!
Now that you know how to draw a cylinder,
practice drawing different sized cylinders.
To do this, you need to experiment with the
width of the ellipse and the length of the
parallel lines.
Drawing objects using cylinders
If you look around your home, you will see many
objects that have a cylinder shape in their
structure.
By combining cylinders together, or cylinders with
other shapes, We can draw a wide range of products.
Have a go at some of the products on the next few pages.
Remember:
• Draw the cylinders first using the success
criteria on the previous page
• Use a feint line with light pressure
• Once you have drawn the cylinders that make
up the main structure, connect them together
and add extra details.The lamp is just three cylinders, one for the shade,
one for the stem and one for the base.
The center line helps to keep each one aligned. You
can experiment by making the shade taller or the
base wider. Try to draw three different designs for
a lamp.
Shade
Stem
Base
Now try these… Level: Easy
Pencil
TeapotCup and Saucer
Saucepan
Now try these… Level: More of a challenge
Chair
Drink CanCupboard
Now try these… Level: Challenging
Candlestick Children’s Stacking Toy
Oblique
Isometric
Cubes
There are different techniques for drawing cubes.
One of the most common is called OBLIQUE.
This is not the most realistic looking view of a cube.
It is better to use a technique called ‘Isometric’
Which we will look at now.
With isometric, we see the front corner of the cube
and the left and right sides are drawn at
30 degrees.
30 degrees
45 degrees
Cubes- Follow the steps below to draw a cube
1) Start with a vertical line. This will be the front edge of the
cube.
2) From the bottom point of the vertical line, draw the bottom
right edge and bottom left edge of the cube. They should be the
same length and should be drawn at 30 degrees to the bottom
of the page.
1 2
3
4
3) Next, add the top left and right edges of the cube. They should
be the same length as the bottom lines and should be parallel to
them.
4) Next, add two more vertical lines, one to join up the lines on the
left and one on the right.
4
5) Now, put the back top lines in. They should be parallel with
the front top two edges.
5
Cuboids
Now you can draw a cube, you can use the
same technique for drawing cuboids.
For a tall cuboid like this,
you need to make the
vertical lines longer than
the horizontal lines.
This cuboid is similar to a
box of chocolates. To draw
this, you need to make
the vertical lines very
short and the lines on the
right longer than those
on the left.
This cuboid is similar to a shoebox.
The vertical lines are about twice the
height of the lines in the previous cuboid
and the horizontal lines are longer on the
left than the right.
Using cubes and cuboids to draw products
A cube shape can be
used to create products
such as shape sorters
Tips for drawing on the surface of the cube:• Draw a feint center line to help you align
the letter or number• Draw a border around the edge. It should
be the same thickness all the way around
Building and alphabet blocks
use cube shapes. You can draw
letters and numbers on their
surfaces
Tips for drawing on the surface of the cube:
• Draw a feint cross that divides the surface equally into four sections to help identify the center point.
By combining cubes with cuboids
and other shapes you can build up
more complicated products.
A shallow cuboid
can be turned into
a jigsaw piece by
adding some
Cylinders.
Tips for creating a jigsaw piece• Add two centre lines on the topsurface of the cuboid to help you
Line up the cylinders centrally
top related