defining information architecture

Designing for People

Information Architecture

Interaction Design

Interface Design

Experience Design

What is Information

Architecture?What defines usability?

Interaction Design:

Ease of use?

User Focused Design:

a Short HistoryErgonomics

Henry Dreyfuss (1904-1972)

Industrial Designer

Proposed ergonomic

standards Joe and Josephine

Designing for People, 1955

Measurements

based on 1944 US

army statistics

Henry Dreyfus

Designs the Phone

Phases of Design

Research

Analysis

Design

Implementation

1955

We bear in mind that the object being worked on is going to be ridden in, sat upon, looked at, talked into, activated, operated, or in some other way used by people individually or en masse.

When the point of contact between the product and the people becomes a point of friction, then the industrial designer has failed.

On the other hand, if people are made safer, more comfortable, more eager to purchase, more efficient,---or just plain happier---by contact with the product, then the designer has succeeded.

Henry Dreyfuss; Designing for People

Evolution of Phone Design

Model 50AL -1919 Model A1 - 1927 Model 202 - 1930

Model 302 - 1937

Model 500 - 1949

http://www.arctos.com/dial/

Model 500 Telephone Design Process

http://www.cooperhewitt.org/exhibitions/archive/hd/start.htm

Design Process: Analysis

Design Process: Sketching

Design Process: Modeling

Design Process: Drawing

Design Process: Showing

Handset models on wood

Design Process: Critique and Refine

Continued Redesign and Refinement

Steps in the design process

Research, in which we talked with the stakeholders, interviewed and shadowed librarians and customers and walked a mile in the customers’ shoes

Analysis, in which we defined an information architecture and created personas

Design, in which we used three interdisciplinary, intercompany tiger teams to quickly generate a variety of

design concepts

Refinement & implementation, in which we are refining the information architecture, defining a signage strategy, and testing the information architecture by implementing some designs

Redesign of the

Carnegie LibraryAn Information Architecture to Integrate

the Physical and the Digital

Phases of Design

Research

Analysis

Design

Implementation

A disjointed feature-centric systemCarnegie Library of Pittsburgh | Information Environment

The underlying issueCarnegie Library of Pittsburgh | Information Environment

Carnegie Library’s goal

“. . . a preferred destination

for knowledge, entertainment,

and social interaction”

Carnegie Library of Pittsburgh | Information Environment

ResearchPhase 1

Understanding Search and Experience Strategies

Berry Picking

Berry Picking Elements

Typical search queries are not static, but rather

evolve.

Searchers commonly gather information in bits and

pieces instead of in one grand best retrieved set.

Searchers use a wide variety of search techniques

which extend beyond those commonly associated

with bibliographic databases.

Searchers use a wide variety of sources other than

bibliographic databases.

http://www.gseis.ucla.edu/faculty/bates/berrypicking.htm l

Marcia Bates

Iterative Browsing, Searching & Asking

Kelly’s Information Search Process

Experience

People experience the Information Search Process

holistically, with an interplay of thoughts, feelings and

actions. Carol Kuhlthau

Experience Strategy A clearly articulated touchstone that influences all the

decisions made about technology, features, and

interfaces.

Experience Strategy

"You press the button,

we do the rest."

BASIC QUERY

“Do you have a map of Pittsburgh?”

SUBSTANTIVE QUERY

“What’s a good source for literary criticism about Oliver Twist?”

BASIC WAYFINDING QUERY

“Where are the restrooms?”

TARGETED WAYFINDING QUERY

“Where can I find this book?”

Carnegie Experience StrategyCarnegie Library of Pittsburgh | Information Environment

How do I start searching for a book?

Is this the right place to ask? question?

Carnegie Library of Pittsburgh | Information Environment

AnalysisPhase 2

Who are the customers?Carnegie Library of Pittsburgh | Information Environment

Define the underlying information architecture

Carnegie Library of Pittsburgh | Information Environment

Use this framework to describe the customer

experience

Carnegie Library of Pittsburgh | Information Environment

DesignPhase 3

Design for complete customer experience cycleCarnegie Library of Pittsburgh | Information Environment

Design recommendationsCarnegie Library of Pittsburgh | Information Environment

Carnegie Library of Pittsburgh | Information Environment

Design principles

A consistent online experienceCarnegie Library of Pittsburgh | Information Environment

ImplementationPhase 2

Circulation desk = Customer Services

This CourseDeveloping an Information Architecture

Phases of Design

Research

Analysis

Design

Implementation

Summary of Standard I/A Deliverables

User Profiles

Content Inventory

Sample Use-Case Scenarios

Site Hierarchy Map

Paper prototypes (documentation of testing our IA

assumptions)

Detailed wireframes/story boards

Mockups

Style guide

HTML designs and .CSS