d irektorat j enderal p os d an t elekomunikasi k ementerian k omunikasi d an i nformatika 2010...
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DIREKTORAT JENDERAL POS DAN TELEKOMUNIKASIKEMENTERIAN KOMUNIKASI DAN INFORMATIKA
2010
KAJIAN REGULASI KOMUNIKASI RADIO MARITIM INDONESIA
AGENDATUJUAN
GMDSS
IDENTIFIKASI MASALAH
KESIMPULAN FREKUENSI MARITIM
TATA TERTIB KOMUNIKASI PELAYARAN
2
TUJUAN Memperkenalkan pengetahuan tentang Pengelolaan Spektrum
Frekuensi Radio untuk Dinas Maritim
Menginformasikan jenis komunikasi pelayaran yang diperbolehkan
dengan mengacu pada area pelayaran.
Menginformasikan adanya perubahan jenis perangkat beacon
maritim khususnya untuk keperluan marabahaya yang "diakui" oleh
internasional per 1 Februari 2009.
3Agenda
DASAR HUKUM Undang-Undang No.36 Tahun 1999 Tentang Telekomunikasi
Undang-Undang No.17 Tahun 2008 Tentang Pelayaran
PerMen Perhubungan No.8 Tahun 2005 Tentang Telekomunikasi Pelayaran
PerDirJen Postel No.266 Tahun 2995 Tentang Persyaratan Teknis Alat Dan
Perangkat Radio Maritim
4Agenda
GMDSS - AGENDA…
GMDSS
GMDSS - AREA
GMDSS – PERANGKAT PER AREA
GMDSS – KELAS PERANGKAT DSC
GMDSS – PERBANDINGAN DSC
GMDSS – KATEGORI EPIRB
GMDSS – ANALOG & DIGITAL EPIRB
GMDSS – MMSI
GMDSS – MF MARITIME CHANNEL
GMDSS – HF MARITIME CHANNEL
GMDSS – VHF MARITIME CHANNEL
5
GMDSS
EPIRB
DSC
SART
NAVTEXMF/HF
Transceiver
VHF Transcei
ver
Inmarsat Receiver
Sea Area
MMSI
Maritime Frequency
Channel
GMDSSGlobal Maritime Distress Safety System (GMDSS) merupakan konvensi internasional mengenai prosedur keselamatan, ragam perangkat, dan protokol komunikasi dalam meningkatkan keselamatan navigasi dan kemudahan penyelematan (Search And Rescue) armada laut dan udara. Perangkat minimum GMDSS antara lain: EPIRB (Emergency Position Indicating Radio Beacon)
406 MHz atau 1.6 GHz NAVTEX (Navigational Telex) Inmarsat Receiver (jika beroperasi di cakupan Inmarsat dan penggunaan NAVTEX
maupun HF NBDP tidak dimungkinkan) SART (Search And Rescue Transponder)
1 untuk <300 GRT, 2 untuk 300 < GRT<500, 3 untuk > 500 GRT DSC (Digital Selective Calling) Transceiver
mampu mengakomodasi DSC channel 6,13,16,70 2 portable VHF transceiver (<500 GRT), 3 VHF transceiver (>500 GRT) di perahu darurat
6Agenda
GMDSS – AREA (1) Area A1
radius 20-30 nautical mile dari stasiun pantai (Coast Station) berada dalam jangkauan VHF stasiun pantai
Area A2 di luar area A1, dan tidak melebihi jarak 100-150 nautical mile berada dalam jangkauan MF stasiun pantai
Area A3 di luar area A1 dan A2, dan berada dalam cakupan satelit GEO Inmarsat. cakupan satelit GEO Inmarsat = 70⁰ LU hingga 70 ⁰ LS
Area A4 di luar area A1,A2,dan A3 daerah kutub utara/selatan dengan latitude >70 ⁰
7Agenda
GMDSS – AREA (2)
www.ashcomsys.com www.inmarsat.com
8
Area A1,A2,A3 GMDSS Area A3Inmarsat Area
Agenda
GMDSS – PERANGKAT PER AREA (1)
Armada yang beroperasi di daerah A1 diperbolehkan untuk mengganti 406 MHz
EPIRB menjadi VHF DSC EPIRB
Armada yang beroperasi di daerah A2 diharuskan untuk melengkapi diri dengan
perangkat minimum dan tambahan:
1 set Radio MF yang mampu TX/RX di frekuensi 2187.5 KHz menggunakan DSC
dan 2182 KHz menggunakan radioteleponi
1 Receiver pemantauan DSC di 2187.5 KHz
1 406 MHz EPIRB
1 set Radio HF yang beroperasi di pita frekuensi maritim antara 1605-27500 KHz
untuk keperluan TX/RX komunikasi radio pada umumnya atau kebutuhan
telegraph9Agenda
GMDSS – PERANGKAT PER AREA (2) Armada yang beroperasi di daerah A3 diharuskan untuk melengkapi diri dengan perangkat
minimum dan tambahan set pilihan: 1 set perangkat stasiun kapal Inmarsat C 1 set Radio MF 1 Receiver pemantauan DSC di 2187.5 KHz 1 406 MHz EPIRB 1 set Radio HF yang beroperasi di pita frekuensi maritim antara 1605-27500 KHz untuk keperluan
TX/RX komunikasi radio pada umumnya atau kebutuhan telegraphAtau: 1 set radio MF/HF yang mampu TX/RX di frekuensi distress & safety pita maritim 1605-27500 KHz
menggunakan DSC, radio teleponi, NBDP (Narrowband Direct Printing) 1 Receiver MF/HF DSC yang mampu memantau terus di 2187.5 KHz, 8414.5 KHz, dan setidaknya 1
dari frekuensi distress DSC 4,207.5 kHz, 6,312 kHz, 12,577 kHz or 16,804.5 kHz kapan pun. 1 406 MHz EPIRB 1 set perangkat stasiun kapal Inmarsat C
10Agenda
GMDSS – PERANGKAT PER AREA (3) Armada yang beroperasi di daerah A4 diharuskan untuk melengkapi diri dengan perangkat
minimum dan tambahan: 1 set radio MF/HF yang mampu TX/RX di frekuensi distress & safety pita maritim 1605-27500 KHz
menggunakan DSC, radio teleponi, NBDP (Narrowband Direct Printing)
1 Receiver MF/HF DSC yang mampu memantau terus di 2187.5 KHz, 8414.5 KHz, dan setidaknya 1
dari frekuensi distress DSC 4,207.5 kHz, 6,312 kHz, 12,577 kHz or 16,804.5 kHz kapan pun.
1 406 MHz EPIRB
1 set Radio HF yang beroperasi di pita frekuensi maritim antara 1605-27500 KHz untuk keperluan
TX/RX komunikasi radio pada umumnya atau kebutuhan telegraph
11Agenda
GMDSS – KELAS PERANGKAT DSC Kelas A
Mencakup semua kemampuan di Annex 1, sesuai dengan standar persyaratan instalasi MF/HF dan/atau VHF IMO GMDSS. Perangkat juga disarankan mendukung fitur tambahan semi-otomatis/otomatis sesuai rekomendasi ITU-R M.689, ITU-R M.1082 dan Tables 4.10.1 & 4.10.2
Kelas B (MF dan/atau VHF)Menyediakan kemampuan minimum bagi kapal yang tidak diharuskan menggunakan Kelas A, sesuai dengan standar persyaratan instalasi MF/VHF IMO GMDSS. Perangkat juga disarankan mendukung fitur tambahan semi-otomatis/otomatis sesuai rekomendasi ITU-R M.689, ITU-R M.1082 dan Tables 4.10.1 & 4.10.2
Kelas D (VHF)Menyediakan kemampuan minimum untuk keperluan distress, urgency, safety via VHF DSC termasuk pula panggilan/penerimaan rutin, tidak diharuskan sesuai dengan standar instalasi VHF IMO GMDSS. Dapat mendukung layanan tambahan semi-otomatis/otomatis.
Kelas E (MF dan/atau HF)Serupa dengan Kelas D, untuk MF/HF DSC
12Agenda
GMDSS – PERBANDINGAN DSCa
13
Capability A B D E
Distress call √ √ √ √All-ships call √ √ √Individual station call √ √ √ √Semi-automatic/automatic service call √ √Use of distress, urgency, safety and routine priorities √ √ √ √Nature of distress √ √ √ √Distress coordinates √ √ √ √Time for last (distress) position update √ √ √ √Type of subsequent communications √ √ √ √Distress relay √ √ X (Receive) X (Receive)Distress acknowledgment √ √ X (Receive) X (Receive)Test call (for MF/HF only) √ √Radio frequency or channel √ √ √ √Display √ √ √ √Receive geographical area calls √ √ √Alarm √ √Optional means for canceling a distress alert √ √Polling √Position acknowledgement √Test call √ √ √Test acknowledgement √ √ √Data √Data acknowledgement √
Agenda
GMDSS – KATEGORI EPIRB Kelas A. Analog 121.5/243 MHZ, Float-free, aktif otomatis, terdeteksi oleh pesawat, jangkauan
terbatas. Tidak diperkenankan lagi untuk digunakan. Kelas B. Analog 121.5/243 MHZ. Versi aktif manual dari Kelas A. Tidak diperkenankan lagi untuk
digunakan. Kelas C. Analog VHF ch15/16. Aktif manual, beroperasi hanya pada kanal maritim sehingga tidak
terdeteksi oleh satelit maupun pesawat pada umumnya. Tidak diperkenankan lagi untuk digunakan. Kelas S. Analog 121.5/243 MHZ. Serupa dengan Kelas B tetapi mengapung atau menjadi bagian dari
perahu darurat. Tidak diperkenankan lagi untuk digunakan. Kategori I. Digital 406/121.5 MHZ. Float-free, aktif otomatis, terdeteksi oleh satelit di dunia. Dikenal
dan digunakan oleh GMDSS saat ini. Kategori II. Serupa dengan Kategori I, kecuali aktif manual. Beberapa model water-activated. Inmarsat-E. 1646 MHz, Float-free, aktif otomatis, terdeteksi oleh satelit GEO Inmarsat. Tidak lagi
digunakan terhitung sejak 1 Desember 2006.
14Agenda
GMDSS – ANALOG & DIGITAL EPIRB Analog EPIRB (121.5 MHz) tidak dapat dideteksi oleh satelit GEO (GEO mencakup hingga 85% belahan
bumi). Digital EPIRB (406 MHz) dan Analog EPIRB dapat bekerja dengan satelit LEO, namun Digital EPIRB
bekerja lebih baik. Analog EPIRB hanya memancarkan sinyal di 121.5 MHz. Digital EPIRB selain memancarkan sinyal 121.5
MHz berdaya rendah, juga mengirimkan kode identifikasi digital di 406 MHz. Mayoritas kesalahan alert dari EPIRB 406 MHz dapat diselesaikan dengan mudah via panggilan telepon.
Lain hal dengan EPIRB 121.5 MHz dimana setiap kesalahan alert harus dicek ke sumber menggunakan perangkat direction finding. Dengan demikian, EPIRB 406 MHz akan menghemat waktu SAR.
Penerimaan alert oleh satelit Cospas-Sarsat dari EPIRB 121.5 MHz hanya dilakukan hingga 1 Februari 2009. Lewat tanggal tersebut, satelit hanya menerima dari EPIRB 406 MHz, seiring dengan perubahan transmisi analog menjadi digital.
Informasi lokasi yang diterima dari EPIRB 406 MHz jauh lebih akurat, dan sinyal yang dikirim pun membawa informasi registrasi. Dari informasi registrasi tersebut, jika registrasi dilakukan dengan tepat, dapat diketahui informasi kontak pemilik, informasi kontak darurat, dan karakteristik pengenal dari armada bersangkutan.
www.swordfishingcentral.com15Agenda
GMDSS – MMSIMaritime Mobile Service Identity (MMSI) merupakan 9 digit nomor yang mengidentifikasikan
perangkat VHF. Bagian kiri dari MMSI menandakan negara dan jenis stasiun.
Kapal (MIDXXXXXX) 232,233,234,235 : Inggris -> contoh: 232003556
525 : Indonesia
Stasiun Pantai (00MIDXXXX) Contoh : 002320011 -> Solent Coastguard, Inggris
Grup Stasiun (0MIDXXXXX) Contoh : 023207823
Perangkat DSC Portable Contoh Inggris : 2359 -> 235900498
16Agenda
GMDSS – MF MARITIME CHANNEL (1)
17Agenda
Kanal maritim di pita MF banyak ditujukan untuk daftar stasiun pantai dan keperluan
Distress, Safety, & Calling. List lengkap dapat dilihat di http://www.coastalradio.org.uk/freqlists/coastmf.pdf
Frekuensi MF Kode Keterangan
490.0 KHz MSI Digunakan eksklusif untuk Tx MSI (Maritime Safety Information) yang mencakup informasi meteorology, dan informasi darurat dari stasiun penjaga pantai ke kapal menggunakan media telegraph NBDP.
518.0 KHz MSI Digunakan eksklusif untuk sistem NAVTEX internasional
2174.5 KHz NBDP-COM Digunakan untuk keperluan trafik komunikasi marabahaya menggunakan media telegraph NBDP
2182.0 KHz RTP-COM Digunakan untuk keperluan trafik komunikasi marabahaya menggunakan media radio telepon. Kelas emisi J3E.
2187.5 KHz DSC
GMDSS – MF MARITIME CHANNEL (2)
18Agenda
Frekuensi MF GMDSS
Rentang Alokasi TASFRI
Keterangan TASFRI
490.0 KHz 415-495 KHz Bergerak Maritim. Radionavigasi Penerbangan5.79: Penggunaan pita frekuensi 415-495 kHz dan 505-526.5 kHz oleh maritim terbatas hanya untuk telegrafi radio.5.79A: Pada saat mendirikan stasiun pantai dalam layanan NAVTEX pada frekuensi 490 kHz, 518 kHz dan 4209.5 kHz, sangat dianjurkan untuk mengkoordinasikan operasionalnya lihat Resolusi 339.
518.0 KHz 505-526.5 KHz Beergerak Maritim. Radionavigasi Penerbangan. Bergerak Penerbangan. Bergerak darat5.79, 5.79A (lihat 490.0 KHz)5.84: Syarat-syarat penggunaan frekuensi 518 kHz oleh dinas bergerak maritim diuraikan dalam Artikel 31 dan 52.
2174.5 KHz2182.0 KHz2187.5 KHz
2173.5- 2190.5 KHz
Bergerak (marabahaya dan panggilan)5.108: Frekuensi pembawa gelombang 2182 kHz digunakan untuk teleponi radio secara internasional guna keperluan marabahaya dan frekuensi panggilan. 5.109: Frekuensi 2187.5 kHz, 4207.5 kHz, 6312 kHz, 8414.5 kHz, 12577 kHz, dan 16804.5 kHz merupakan frekuensi marabahaya internasional bagi panggilan selektif digital. 5.110: Frekuensi 2174.5 kHz, 4117.5 kHz, 6268 kHz, 8376.5 kHz, 12520 kHz, dan 16695 kHz adalah frekuensi marabahaya internasional bagi telegrafi cetak langsung berpita sempit. 5.111: Frekuensi pembawa 2182 kHz, 3023 kHz, 5680 kHz, 8364 kHz, dan frekuensi 121.5 MHz, 156.525 MHz, 156.8 MHz, dan 243 MHz dapat juga digunakan, berdasarkan prosedur yang berlaku bagi dinas komunikasiradio terestrial, untuk operasi SAR yang terkait dengan kendaraan angkasa berawak.
GMDSS – HF MARITIME CHANNEL (1)
19Agenda
ChannelNo
F (KHz) Ship
F (KHz)Coast
Remarks
1-21 4000-406021 Channels, 3 KHz spacing
# Sub-Section C-1 #
Simplex ship to ship HF frequencies, shared with fixed services C-1.for supplementing ship-to-shore channels for duplex operation in Sub-Section A;for intership simplex (single-frequency) and cross-band operation;for cross-band working with coast stations Sub-Section C-2for duplex operation with coast stations working in the band 4438-4650 kHz;for duplex operation with Channel Nos. 428 and 429
4063-4065(4063.3-4064.8)
6 Channles, 0.3 KHz spacing
Frequencies assignable to ship stations for oceanographic data transmission
401-427 4065-4146(4066.4-4144.4)
4357-4438(4358.4-4436.4)
Duplex. Frequencies assignable to stations for telephonyChannel 421: 4125/4417 is for Calling, Distress, and Safety
27 Channel, 3 KHz spacing428429
4146-4152 (4146 & 4149) Simplex. Frequencies assignable to ship stations and coast stations for telephony, simplex operation4146, 4149
# Sub-Section B #4351, 4354 Coast station frequencies may be paired with a ship station frequency from the Table of simplex
frequencies for ship and coast stations (see Sub-Section B) or with a frequency from the band 4 000-4 063 kHz (see Sub-Section C-1) to be selected by the administration concerned.
4152-4172 (4154-4170)5 Channel, 4 KHz spacing.
Frequencies assignable to ship stations for wide-band telegraphy, facsimile and special transmission systems
4172-4181.75 (4172.5-4181.5)18 Channel, 0.5 KHz spacing
4209.25-4219.25 (4210.5-4219)18 Channel, 0.5 KHz spacing
Frequencies (paired) assignable to stations for NBDP and data transmission systems, at speeds not exceeding 100 Bd for FSK and 200 Bd for PSK. 4209.5 exclusive NAVTEX type information transmission
4181.75-4186.75 (4182-4186.5)5 Group, 10 Channels, 0.5 KHz spacing
Calling frequencies assignable to ship stations for A1A or A1B Morse telegraphyCommon Channel : 4184 & 4184.5 KHz
4186.75-4202.25 (4187-4202)31 Channel, 0.5 KHz spacing
Working frequencies assignable to ship stations for A1A or A1B Morse telegraphy
4202.25-4207.25 (4202.5-4207)10 Channel, 0.5 KHz spacing
Frequencies (non paired) assignable to ship stations for NBDP telegraphy and data transmission systems at speeds not exceeding 100 Bd for FSK and 200 Bd for PSK and for A1A or A1B Morse telegraphy (working)
4207.25-4209.25 (4207.5-4209)4 Channel, 0.5 KHz spacing
4219.25-4221 (4219.5-4220.5)3 Channel, 0.5 KHz spacing
Frequencies assignable to stations for digital selective calling
4221-4351 Frequencies assignable to coast stations for wide-band and A1A or A1B Morse telegraphy, facsimile, special and data transmission systems and direct-printing telegraphy systems
GMDSS – HF MARITIME CHANNEL (2)
20Agenda
Channelnumber
F (KHz) Ship
F (KHz)Coast
Remarks
601-608 6200-6224(6201.4-6222.4)
6501-6525(6502.4-6523.4)
Duplex. Frequencies assignable to stations for telephonyChannel 606: 6215/6516 is for Calling, Distress, and Safety
8 Channel, 3 KHz spacing6224-6233
(6225.4, 6228.4, 6231.4)3 Channel, 3 KHz spacing
Simplex. Frequencies assignable to ship stations and coast stations for telephony
6233-6261(6235-6259)
7 Channel, 4 KHz spacing.
Frequencies assignable to ship stations for wide-band telegraphy, facsimile and special transmission systems
6261-6262.75(6261.3-6262.5)
5 Channels, 0.3 KHz spacing
Frequencies assignable to ship stations for oceanographic data transmission
6262.75-6275.75(6263-6275.5)
6280.75-6284.75 (6281-6284.5)
34 Channel0.5 KHz spacing
6313.75-6330.75(6314-6330.5)
34 Channel0.5 KHz spacing
Frequencies (paired) assignable to stations for NBDP and data transmission systems, at speeds not exceeding 100 Bd for FSK and 200 Bd for PSK
6275.75-6280.75(6276-6280.5)
5 Group, 10 Channels, 0.5 KHz spacing
Calling frequencies assignable to ship stations for A1A or A1B Morse telegraphyCommon Channel : 6276 & 6276.5 KHz
6284.75-6300.25(6285-6300)
31 Channel, 0.5 KHz spacing
Working frequencies assignable to ship stations for A1A or A1B Morse telegraphy
6300.25-6311.75(6300.5-6311.5)
23 Channel, 0.5 KHz spacing
Frequencies (non paired) assignable to ship stations for NBDP telegraphy and data transmission systems at speeds not exceeding 100 Bd for FSK and 200 Bd for PSK and for A1A or A1B Morse telegraphy (working)
6311.75-6313.75(6312.5-6313.5)
4 Channel0.5 KHz spacing
6330.75-6332.5(6331-6332)
3 Channel0.5 KHz spacing
Frequencies assignable to stations for digital selective calling
6332.5-6501 Frequencies assignable to coast stations for wide-band and A1A or A1B Morse telegraphy, facsimile, special and data transmission systems and direct-printing telegraphy systems
GMDSS – HF MARITIME CHANNEL (3)
21Agenda
Channelnumber
F (KHz) Ship
F (KHz)Coast
Remarks
1-31 8101-819131 Channels, 3 KHz spacing
# Sub-Section C-2 #
Simplex ship to ship HF frequencies, shared with fixed services C-1.for supplementing ship-to-shore channels for duplex operation in Sub-Section A;for intership simplex (single-frequency) and cross-band operation;for cross-band working with coast stations Sub-Section C-2For ship-to-shore or shore-to-ship simplex operations.for duplex operation with Channel Nos. 834,835, 836 and 837
801-832 8195-8290(8196.4-8289.4)
8719-8815(8720.4-8813.4)
Duplex. Frequencies assignable to stations for telephonyChannel 821: 8255/8779 is for Calling
32 Channel, 3 KHz spacing833 8291 Simplex. Channel 833: 8255/8779 is for Calling
834-837 8294, 8297# Sub-Section B #
8707, 8710, 8713, 87164 Channels
Coast station frequencies may be paired with a ship station frequency from the Table of simplex frequencies for ship and coast stations (see Sub-Section B) or with a frequency from the band 8100-8195 kHz (see Sub-Section C-2) to be selected by the administration concerned.
8294-8300, (8295.4, 8298.4)2 Channel, 3 KHz spacing
Simplex. Frequencies assignable to ship stations and coast stations for telephony
8300-8340, (8302-8338)10 Channel, 4 KHz spacing.
Frequencies assignable to ship stations for wide-band telegraphy, facsimile and special transmission systems
8340-8341.75, (8340.3-8341.5)5 Channels, 0.3 KHz spacing
Frequencies assignable to ship stations for oceanographic data transmission
8341.75-8365.75, (8342-8365.5)8370.75-8376.25, (8371-8376)
59 Channel, 0.5 KHz spacing
Working frequencies assignable to ship stations for A1A or A1B Morse telegraphy
8365.75-8370.75, (8366-8370.5)5 Group, 10 Channels, 0.5 KHz spacing
Calling frequencies assignable to ship stations for A1A or A1B Morse telegraphyCommon Channel : 8368 & 8369 KHz
8376.25-8396.25(8376.5-8396)
40 Channel, 0.5 KHz spacing
8376.5,8416.25-8436.25(8417-8436)
40 Channel, 0.5 KHz spacing
Frequencies (paired) assignable to stations for NBDP and data transmission systems, at speeds not exceeding 100 Bd for FSK and 200 Bd for PSK
8396.25-8414.25, (8396.5-8414)36 Channel, 0.5 KHz spacing
Frequencies (non paired) assignable to ship stations for NBDP telegraphy and data transmission systems at speeds not exceeding 100 Bd for FSK and 200 Bd for PSK and for A1A or A1B Morse telegraphy (working)
8414.25-8416.25, (8414.5-8416)
4 Channel, 0.5 KHz spacing
8436.25-8438, (8436.5-8437.5)3 Channel, 0.5 KHz spacing
Frequencies assignable to stations for digital selective calling
8438-8707 Frequencies assignable to coast stations for wide-band and A1A or A1B Morse telegraphy, facsimile, special and data transmission systems and direct-printing telegraphy systems
GMDSS – HF MARITIME CHANNEL (4)
22Agenda
Channelnumber
F (KHz) Ship
F (KHz)Coast
Remarks
1201-1241
12230-12353(12231.4-12351.4)
13077-13200(13078.4-13198.4)
Duplex. Frequencies assignable to stations for telephonyChannel 1221: 12290/13137 is for Calling, Distress, and Safety
41 Channel, 3 KHz spacing12353-12368
(12354.4 - 12366.4)5 Channel, 3 KHz spacing
Simplex. Frequencies assignable to ship stations and coast stations for telephony
12368-12420(12370-12418)
13 Channel, 4 KHz spacing.
Frequencies assignable to ship stations for wide-band telegraphy, facsimile and special transmission systems
12420-12421.75(12420.3-12421.5)
5 Channels, 0.3 KHz spacing
Frequencies assignable to ship stations for oceanographic data transmission
12421.75-12476.75(12422-12476.5)
110 Channel, 0.5 KHz spacing
Working frequencies assignable to ship stations for A1A or A1B Morse telegraphy
12476.75-12549.75(12477-12549.5)
12554.75-12559.75(12555-12559.5)
156 Channel0.5 KHz spacing
12578.75-12656,75(12579-12656.5)
156 Channel0.5 KHz spacing
Frequencies (paired) assignable to stations for NBDP and data transmission systems, at speeds not exceeding 100 Bd for FSK and 200 Bd for PSK
12549.75-12554.75(12550-12554.5)
5 Group, 10 Channels, 0.5 KHz spacing
Calling frequencies assignable to ship stations for A1A or A1B Morse telegraphyCommon Channel : 12552 & 12553.5 KHz
12559.75-12576.75(12560-12576.5)
34 Channel, 0.5 KHz spacing
Frequencies (non paired) assignable to ship stations for NBDP telegraphy and data transmission systems at speeds not exceeding 100 Bd for FSK and 200 Bd for PSK and for A1A or A1B Morse telegraphy (working)
12576.75-12578.75(12577-12578.5)
4 Channel0.5 KHz spacing
12656.75-12658.5(12657-12658)
3 Channel0.5 KHz spacing
Frequencies assignable to stations for digital selective calling
12658.5-13077 Frequencies assignable to coast stations for wide-band and A1A or A1B Morse telegraphy, facsimile, special and data transmission systems and direct-printing telegraphy systems
GMDSS – HF MARITIME CHANNEL (5)
23Agenda
Channelnumber
F (KHz) Ship
F (KHz)Coast
Remarks
1601-1656
16360-16528(16361.4-16526.4)
17242-17410(17243.4-17408.4)
Duplex. Frequencies assignable to stations for telephonyChannel 1621: 16420/17302 is for Calling, Distress, and Safety
56 Channel, 3 KHz spacing16528-16549
(16529.4 – 16547.4)7 Channel, 3 KHz spacing
Simplex. Frequencies assignable to ship stations and coast stations for telephony
16549-16617(16551-16615)
17 Channel, 4 KHz spacing.
Frequencies assignable to ship stations for wide-band telegraphy, facsimile and special transmission systems
16617-16618.75(16617.3-16618.5)
5 Channels, 0.3 KHz spacing
Frequencies assignable to ship stations for oceanographic data transmission
16618.75-16683.25(16619-16683)
129 Channel, 0.5 KHz spacing
Working frequencies assignable to ship stations for A1A or A1B Morse telegraphy
16683.25-16733.75(16683.5-16733.5)16738.75-16784.75
(16739-16784.5)193 Channel
0.5 KHz spacing
16806.25-16902,75(16806.5-16902.5)
193 Channel0.5 KHz spacing
Frequencies (paired) assignable to stations for NBDP and data transmission systems, at speeds not exceeding 100 Bd for FSK and 200 Bd for PSK
16733.75-16738.75(16734-16738.5)
5 Group, 10 Channels, 0.5 KHz spacing
Calling frequencies assignable to ship stations for A1A or A1B Morse telegraphyCommon Channel : 16736 & 16738 KHz
16784.75-16804.25(16785-16804)
39 Channel, 0.5 KHz spacing
Frequencies (non paired) assignable to ship stations for NBDP telegraphy and data transmission systems at speeds not exceeding 100 Bd for FSK and 200 Bd for PSK and for A1A or A1B Morse telegraphy (working)
16804.25-16806.25(16804.5-16806)
4 Channel0.5 KHz spacing
16902.75-16904.5(16903-16904)
3 Channel0.5 KHz spacing
Frequencies assignable to stations for digital selective calling
16904.5-17242 Frequencies assignable to coast stations for wide-band and A1A or A1B Morse telegraphy, facsimile, special and data transmission systems and direct-printing telegraphy systems
GMDSS – HF MARITIME CHANNEL (6)
24Agenda
Channelnumber
F (KHz) Ship
F (KHz)Coast
Remarks
1801-1815
18870-18825(18781.4-18823.4)
19755-19800(19756.4-19798.4)
Duplex. Frequencies assignable to stations for telephonyChannel 1806: 18795/19770 is for Calling
15 Channel, 3 KHz spacing18825-18846
(18826.4 – 18844.4)7 Channel, 3 KHz spacing
Simplex. Frequencies assignable to ship stations and coast stations for telephony
18846-18870(18848-18868)
6 Channel, 4 KHz spacing.
Frequencies assignable to ship stations for wide-band telegraphy, facsimile and special transmission systems
18870-18892.75(18870.5-18892.5)
45 Channel0.5 KHz spacing
19680.25-19703,25(19681-19703.5)
45 Channel0.5 KHz spacing
Frequencies (paired) assignable to stations for NBDP and data transmission systems, at speeds not exceeding 100 Bd for FSK and 200 Bd for PSK
18892.75-18898.25(18893-18898)
11 Channel, 0.5 KHz spacing
Frequencies (non paired) assignable to ship stations for NBDP telegraphy and data transmission systems at speeds not exceeding 100 Bd for FSK and 200 Bd for PSK and for A1A or A1B Morse telegraphy (working)
18898.25-18899.75(18898.5-18899.5)
3 Channel0.5 KHz spacing
19703.25-19705(19703.5-19704.5)
3 Channel0.5 KHz spacing
Frequencies assignable to stations for digital selective calling
19705-19755 Frequencies assignable to coast stations for wide-band and A1A or A1B Morse telegraphy, facsimile, special and data transmission systems and direct-printing telegraphy systems
GMDSS – HF MARITIME CHANNEL (7)
25Agenda
Channelnumber
F (KHz) Ship
F (KHz)Coast
Remarks
2201-2253
22000-22159(22001.4-22157.4)
22696-22855(22697.4-22853.4)
Duplex. Frequencies assignable to stations for telephonyChannel 2221: 22060/22756 is for Calling
53 Channel, 3 KHz spacing22159-22180
(22160.4 – 22178.4)7 Channel, 3 KHz spacing
Simplex. Frequencies assignable to ship stations and coast stations for telephony
22180-22240(22182-22238)
15 Channel, 4 KHz spacing.
Frequencies assignable to ship stations for wide-band telegraphy, facsimile and special transmission systems
22240-22241.75(22240.3-22241.5)
5 Channels, 0.3 KHz spacing
Frequencies assignable to ship stations for oceanographic data transmission
22241.75-22279.25(22242-22279)
75 Channel, 0.5 KHz spacing
Working frequencies assignable to ship stations for A1A or A1B Morse telegraphy
22279.25-22284.25(22279.5-22284)
5 Group, 10 Channels, 0.5 KHz spacing
Calling frequencies assignable to ship stations for A1A or A1B Morse telegraphyCommon Channel :22280.5 & 22281 KHz
22284.25-22351.75(22284.5-22351.5)
135 Channel0.5 KHz spacing
22375.75-22443,75(22376-22443.5)
135 Channel0.5 KHz spacing
Frequencies (paired) assignable to stations for NBDP and data transmission systems, at speeds not exceeding 100 Bd for FSK and 200 Bd for PSK
22351.75-22374.25(22352-22374)
45 Channel, 0.5 KHz spacing
Frequencies (non paired) assignable to ship stations for NBDP telegraphy and data transmission systems at speeds not exceeding 100 Bd for FSK and 200 Bd for PSK and for A1A or A1B Morse telegraphy (working)
22374.25-22375.75(22374.5-22375.5)
3 Channel0.5 KHz spacing
22443.75-22445.5(22444-22445)
3 Channel0.5 KHz spacing
Frequencies assignable to stations for digital selective calling
22445.5-22696 Frequencies assignable to coast stations for wide-band and A1A or A1B Morse telegraphy, facsimile, special and data transmission systems and direct-printing telegraphy systems
GMDSS – HF MARITIME CHANNEL (8)
26Agenda
Channelnumber
F (KHz) Ship
F (KHz)Coast
Remarks
2501-2510
25070-25100(25071.4-25098.4)
26145-26175(26146.4-26173.4)
Duplex. Frequencies assignable to stations for telephonyChannel 2510: 25097/26172 is for Calling
10 Channel, 3 KHz spacing25100-25121
(25101.4 – 25119.4)7 Channel, 3 KHz spacing
Simplex. Frequencies assignable to ship stations and coast stations for telephony
25121-25161.25(25123-25159)
10 Channel, 4 KHz spacing.
Frequencies assignable to ship stations for wide-band telegraphy, facsimile and special transmission systems
26161.25-25171.25(26161.5-25171)
20 Channel, 0.5 KHz spacing
Working frequencies assignable to ship stations for A1A or A1B Morse telegraphy
25171.25-25172.75Section IV – Morse telegraphy (calling) 0.5 KHz spacing
Calling frequencies assignable to ship stations for A1A or A1B Morse telegraphy
25172.75-25192.75(25173.5-25192.5)
40 Channel0.5 KHz spacing
26100.25-26120,75(26100.5-26120.5)
40 Channel0.5 KHz spacing
Frequencies (paired) assignable to stations for NBDP and data transmission systems, at speeds not exceeding 100 Bd for FSK and 200 Bd for PSK
25192.75-25208.25(25193-25208)
31 Channel, 0.5 KHz spacing
Frequencies (non paired) assignable to ship stations for NBDP telegraphy and data transmission systems at speeds not exceeding 100 Bd for FSK and 200 Bd for PSK and for A1A or A1B Morse telegraphy (working)
25208.25-25210(25208.5-25209.5)
3 Channel0.5 KHz spacing
26120.75-26122.5(26121-26122)
3 Channel0.5 KHz spacing
Frequencies assignable to stations for digital selective calling
26122.5-26145 Frequencies assignable to coast stations for wide-band and A1A or A1B Morse telegraphy, facsimile, special and data transmission systems and direct-printing telegraphy systems
GMDSS – HF MARITIME CHANNEL (9)
27Agenda
Pita HFITU-RR TASFRI
Lower Offset Upper Offset Lower Offset Upper Offset4 MHz 4000.00 KHz 4438.00 KHz 4000.00 KHz 4438.00 KHz6 MHz 6200.00 KHz 6525.00 KHz 6200.00 KHz 6525.00 KHz8 MHz 8101.00 KHz 8815.00 KHz 8100.00 KHz 8815.00 KHz
12 MHz 12230.00 KHz 13200.00 KHz 12230.00 KHz 13200.00 KHz16 MHz 16360.00 KHz 17410.00 KHz 16360.00 KHz 17410.00 KHz
18/19 MHz 18780.00 KHz 19800.00 KHz 18780.00 KHz 19800.00 KHz22 MHz 22000.00 KHz 22855.00 KHz 22000.00 KHz 22855.00 KHz
25/26 MHz 25070.00 KHz26100.25 KHz
25210.00 KHz26175.00 KHz
25070.00 KHz26100.00 KHz
25210.00 KHz26175.00 KHz
GMDSS – VHF MARITIME CHANNEL (1)
28
Channelnumber
F (MHz) Ship F (MHz)Coast
United Kingdom United States Australia
0UK, 156.000 160.600 Private, coast guard Ⓐ1US, 156.050 156.050 Port Operations and Commercial, VTS.
Available only in New Orleans/Lower Mississippi area.
1UK,AU,ITU 156.050 160.650 Duplex Seaphone-based2UK,AU,ITU 156.100 160.700 Duplex Seaphone-based3UK,AU,ITU 156.150 160.750 Duplex Seaphone-based4UK,AU,ITU 156.200 160.800 Duplex Seaphone-based
5US 156.250 156.250 Port Operations or VTS in the Houston, New Orleans and Seattle areas.
5UK,AU,ITU 156.250 160.850 Duplex Seaphone-based6US,UK,AU,ITU 156.300 156.300 Simplex, Ship-to-ship + Ship-to-Air Intership Safety Messages, SAR messages to
Coast Guard ship/aircraft.Simplex, Rescue. International Co-Ordinated Air to Sea Rescue Frequency. Ship & Aircraft SAR
7US,AU 156.350 156.350 Commercial Seaphone-based7UK,ITU 156.350 160.950 Duplex
8US,UK,AU,ITU 156.400 156.400 Simplex, Ship-to-ship Ⓐ Commercial (Intership only) Port Ops. Tug & Pilot Boat Services, Commerical Ship To Ship
9US,UK,AU,ITU 156.450 156.450 Simplex, Ship-to-ship Ⓐ Boater Calling. Commercial and Non-Commercial.
Port Ops. First Preffered Aircraft To Ship Or Coast Station Channel
10US,UK,AU,ITU 156.500 156.500 Simplex, Ship-to-ship Ⓐ Commercial Port Ops between Ship & Shore11US,UK,AU,ITU 156.550 156.550 Simplex Commercial. VTS in selected areas. Port Ops between Ship & Shore12US,UK,AU,ITU 156.600 156.600 Simplex Port Operations. VTS in selected areas. Harbor Control. Port Ops between Ship & Shore
13US,UK,AU,ITU 156.650 156.650 Simplex, Ship-to-ship Ⓐ Intership Navigation Safety (Bridge-to-bridge). Ships >20m length maintain a listening watch on this channel in US waters.
International Shipping Navigation Channel
14US,UK,AU,ITU 156.700 156.700 Simplex Port Operations. VTS in selected areas. Ship To Shore/Shore To Ship15US,UK,AU,ITU 156.750 156.750 Simplex, Ship-to-ship Ⓐ Environmental (Receive only). Used by Class C
EPIRBs.Spills, Shipping Accidents-Ocean Environment Protection. Onboard communication power no more than 1W
Agenda
GMDSS – VHF MARITIME CHANNEL (2)
29
Channelnumber
F (MHz) Ship F (MHz)Coast
United Kingdom United States Australia
16US,UK,AU,ITU 156.800 156.800 Simplex. International distress, safety and calling. Used for initial contact - then select a Working Channel.International Distress, Safety and Calling. Ships required to carry radio, USCG, and most coast stations maintain a listening watch on this channel.International Marine VHF Calling Channel
17US,UK,AU,ITU 156.850 156.850 Simplex, Ship-to-ship Ⓐ State Control Inland Waterways Control-State Govt Based. Onboard communication power no more than 1W
18US,AU 156.900 156.900 Commercial Communication being navigation related and the output transmission power limited to 1 watt or less to avoid harmful interference to Channel 16.
18UK,AU,ITU 156.900 161.500 Duplex Public Use. Non-Commercial Boaters19US 156.950 156.950 Commercial
19UK,AU,ITU 156.950 161.550 Duplex Public Use. Non-Commercial Boaters20US 157.000 157.000 Port Operations
20UK, AU,ITU 157.000 161.600 Duplex Port Operations (duplex) Port Ops21US 157.050 157.050 U.S. Coast Guard only
21UK,AU,ITU 157.050 161.650 Duplex Australian Volunteer Coast Guard [AVCG]22US 157.100 157.100 Coast Guard Liaison and Maritime Safety
Information Broadcasts. Broadcasts announced on channel 16.
22UK,AU,ITU 157.100 161.700 Duplex Australian Volunteer Coast Guard [AVCG]23US 157.150 157.150 U.S. Coast Guard only
23UK,AU,ITU 157.150 161.750 Duplex Seaphone-based24US,UK,AU,ITU 157.200 161.800 Duplex Public Correspondence (Marine Operator) Seaphone-based25US,UK,AU,ITU 157.250 161.850 Duplex Public Correspondence (Marine Operator) Seaphone-based26US,UK,AU,ITU 157.300 161.900 Duplex Public Correspondence (Marine Operator) Seaphone-based27US,UK,AU,ITU 157.350 161.950 Duplex Public Correspondence (Marine Operator) Seaphone-based28US,UK,AU,ITU 157.400 162.000 Duplex Public Correspondence (Marine Operator) Seaphone-based
Agenda
GMDSS – VHF MARITIME CHANNEL (3)
30
Channelnumber
F (MHz) Ship F (MHz)Coast
United Kingdom United States Australia
29-36 Private37UK 157.850 157,850 Private. Used By UK Marinas & Yacht Clubs38-59 Private
60UK,AU,ITU 156.025 160.625 Duplex Seaphone-based61UK,AU,ITU 156.075 160.675 Duplex Seaphone-based62UK,AU,ITU 156.125 160.725 Duplex Seaphone-based
63US 156.175 156.175 Port Operations and Commercial, VTS. Available only in New Orleans/Lower Mississippi area.
63UK,AU,ITU 156.175 160.775 Duplex Seaphone-based64UK,AU,ITU 156.225 160.825 Duplex Seaphone-based
65US 156.275 156.275 Port Operations65UK,AU,ITU 156.275 160.875 Duplex Port Ops
66US 156.325 156.325 Port Operations66UK,AU,ITU 156.325 160.925 Duplex Seaphone
67US,UK,AU,ITU 156.375 156.375 Simplex, Intership. HM Coastguard Search & Rescue
Commercial. Used for Bridge-to-bridge communications in lower Mississippi River. Intership only.
Marine Weather Broadcast 4 times daily from VMF555. Distress (supplementary)
68US,UK,AU,ITU 156.425 156.425 Simplex Non-Commercial Simplex, Port Ops69US,UK,AU,ITU 156.475 156.475 Simplex, Ship-to-Ship Non-Commercial Australian Navy Operations70US,UK,AU,ITU 156.525 156.525 Simplex. Digital Selective Calling (voice communications not allowed)71US,UK,AU,ITU 156.575 156.575 Simplex Non-Commercial Professional Fishing Trawlers etc & Regd Boat
Clubs72US,UK,AU,ITU 156.625 156.625 Simplex. Ship-to-ship Ⓐ Non-Commercial (Intership only) Simplex, Port Ops. Second Preffered Aircraft To
Ship Or Coast Station Channel73US,UK,AU,ITU 156.675 156.675 Simplex. Ship-to-ship Ⓐ Port Operations Simplex, Intership. Third Preffered Aircraft To
Ship Or Coast Station Channel74US,UK,AU,ITU 156.725 156.725 Simplex Port Operations Simplex, Port Ops75US,UK,AU,ITU 156.775 156.775 Simplex Simplex, Intership. Ship To Ship
Communcations Only (1 watt)76UK,AU,ITU 156.825 156.825 Simplex Simplex, Intership. Ship To Ship
Communcations Only (1 watt)
Agenda
GMDSS – VHF MARITIME CHANNEL (4)
31
Channelnumber
F (MHz) Ship F (MHz)Coast
United Kingdom United States Australia
77US,UK,AU,ITU 156.875 156.875 Simplex. Ship-to-ship Ⓐ Port Operations (Intership only) Australian Volunteer Coast Guard [AVCG]78US 156.925 156.925 Non-Commercial
78UK,AU,ITU 156.925 161.525 Duplex Non-commercial Ⓐ Non-commercial Calling & Working79US 156.975 156.975 Commercial. Non-Commercial in Great Lakes
only79UK,AU,ITU 156.975 161.575 Duplex Port Ops
80US 157.025 157.025 Commercial. Non-Commercial in Great Lakes only
80UK,AU,ITU 157.025 161.625 Duplex. UK Marinas Only Safety & Shipping Movements81US 157.075 157.075 U.S. Government only - Environmental
protection operations.81UK,AU,ITU 157.075 161.675 Duplex Safety & Shipping Movements
82US,AU 157.125 157.125 U.S. Government only Communication being navigation related and the output transmission power limited to 1 watt or less to avoid harmful interference to Channel 16.
82UK,AU,ITU 157.125 161.725 Duplex Govt Safety Bodys Only-Police, Fire, Marine Auth etc.
83US 157.175 157.175 U.S. Coast Guard only83UK,AU,ITU 157.175 161.775 Duplex Seaphone-based
84US,UK,AU,ITU 157.225 161.825 Duplex Public Correspondence (Marine Operator) Seaphone-based85US,UK,AU,ITU 157.275 161.875 Duplex Public Correspondence (Marine Operator) Seaphone-based
86AU 157.325 157.325 Communication being navigation related and the output transmission power limited to 1 watt or less to avoid harmful interference to Channel 16.
86US,UK,AU,ITU 157.325 161.925 Duplex Public Correspondence (Marine Operator) Seaphone-based87US,UK,AU,ITU 157.375 157.375 Simplex Public Correspondence (Marine Operator) Automatic Ship Identification & Surviellance
System87AU 157.375 161.975 Automatic Ship Identification & Surviellance
System88US,UK,ITU 157.425 157.425 Simplex Commercial, Intership only.
88AU 157.425 162.025 Seaphone-based
Agenda
CONTOH KASUSDari informasi di lapangan diperoleh: Adanya laporan gangguan pada frekuensi VHF amatir (144-148 MHz) yang diidentifikasikan berasal dari
pengguna maritime.
Adanya laporan gangguan pada frekuensi HF penerbangan (6641 KHz) yang diidentifikasikan berasal
dari pengguna maritime.
Adanya informasi tentang kapal yang selain membawa perangkat komunikasi untuk pita frekuensi
maritim, juga membawa perangkat amatir, dan perangkat KRAP
Temuan di lapangan penggunaan perangkat komunikasi radio VHF amatir untuk komunikasi pelayaran
rakyat (nelayan) karena harga perangkatnya lebih murah dibanding perangkat radio maritim.
Teridentifikasinya penggunaan perangkat beacon yang ternyata telah obsolete penggunaannya di
internasional
32Agenda
KESIMPULAN FREKUENSI MARITIMPita frekuensi untuk keperluan Dinas Maritime antara lain:
33Agenda
PITA FREKUENSI
FREKUENSI APLIKASI
MF 490 kHz, 518 kHz MSI (Maritime Safety Information)MF 2174.6 kHz NBDP MarabahayaMF 2182 kHz Teleponi radio J3E marabahayaMF 2187.5 kHz DSC (Digital Selective Calling)HF 4000 - 4438 kHz DSC HF = 4207.5 kHz. Calling, Distress, Safety = 4125/4417 kHzHF 6200 – 6525 kHz DSC HF = 6312.0 kHz. Calling, Distress, Safety = 6215/6516 kHzHF 8101 – 8815 kHz DSC HF = 8414.5 kHz. Calling, Distress, Safety = 8255/8779 kHzHF 12230 – 13200 kHz DSC HF = 12577.0 kHz. Calling, Distress, Safety = 12290/13137 kHzHF 16360 – 17410 kHz DSC HF = 16804.5 kHz. Calling, Distress, Safety = 16420/17302 kHzHF 18780 – 19800 kHz Calling, Distress, Safety = 18795/19770 kHzHF 22000 – 22855 kHz Calling, Distress, Safety = 22060/22756 kHzHF 25070 – 26175 kHz Calling, Distress, Safety = 25097/26172 kHz
VHF 156 – 162.05 MHz DSC VHF Channel 70 (156.525 MHz)Calling, Distress, Safety VHF Channel 16 (156.800 MHz)Intership Navigation VHF Channel 13 (156.650 MHz)
TATA TERTIB KOMUNIKASI PELAYARANArmada laut wajib mematuhi kondisi:
Membawa perangkat komunikasi pelayaran sesuai dengan area cakupan pelayarannya (A1,
A2, A3, atau A4)
Membawa perangkat komunikasi maritim dan hanya menggunakannya pada pita frekuensi
maritim.
Tidak membawa alat komunikasi amatir dan/atau alat komunikasi KRAP
Menggunakan kanal frekuensi sesuai peruntukan, tidak semua kanal frekuensi
diperbolehkan digunakan untuk public correspondance (teleponi)
Tidak menggunakan kanal frekuensi komunikasi pelayaran untuk tujuan iklan
34Agenda
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