cwc –research area activities€¦ · aj/lpd/lpi • simultaneous data link and secure aj voice...
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---- Alan KayAlan KayAlan KayAlan Kay
UNIVERSITY OF OULUCentre for Wireless Communications
Creating Wireless World
Your Trusted Partner for Wireless System Research
and System Concept Design
- Alan Kay
OULUN YLIOPISTOCWC-TUTKIMUSKESKUS
SOVELLUKSIA PUOLUSTUSVOIMILLE LANGATTOMIIN TIEDONSIIRTOJÄRJESTELMIIN
JATUTKIMUKSEN TULEVAISUUDEN NÄKYMIÄ
Professori Pentti Leppänen
pentti.leppanen@ee.oulu.fi
matkapuh. 0400 586 489
- Alan Kay
CWC – Research Area Activities
Pentti Leppänen, MATINE/Aluevalvonnan ja
MERIVTL:n seminaari, Espoo 28.10.20094
Broadband Wireless Access (BWA) – State-Of-The-Art Facilities
Pentti Leppänen, MATINE/Aluevalvonnan ja
MERIVTL:n seminaari, Espoo 28.10.20095
BWA – Current Research Themes• 3G-LTE:
– transceiver algorithms development,
– algorithms prototyping,
– 3G-LTE testers,
– system capacity evalutions.
• IMT Advanced (4G):– flexible spectrum use,
– novel network topologies,
– MIMO-OFDMA related radio resource allocation,
– iterative receiver architectures,
– MIMO channel measurements and modelling.
• Beyond IMT-A:– opportunistic and cognitive wireless networks,
– physical layer adaptation
– radio channel and traffic models.
Pentti Leppänen, MATINE/Aluevalvonnan ja
MERIVTL:n seminaari, Espoo 28.10.20096
Short Range Communications (SRC) - Prototyping and Testing New Innovations
Pentti Leppänen, MATINE/Aluevalvonnan ja
MERIVTL:n seminaari, Espoo 28.10.20097
SRC – Current Research Themes
• Ultra wideband (UWB) technologies:– co-existence studies,
– location and tracking algorithms,
– WiMedia/ECMA and IEEE 802.15.4a.
• Sensor networks:– heterogeneous, large scale wireless sensor networks,
– energy efficient MAC and routing protocols,
– surveillance monitoring,
– ubiquitous networks,
– demonstrations.
• Medical ICT:– wireless hospital concept including welfare applications,
– wireless measurement and data transmission techniques,
– international co-operation in IEEE 802.15.5.- Alan Kay
CWC – Security and Defence (S&D)
– Complete Solutions for a Demanding Customer
---- Alan KayAlan KayAlan KayAlan Kay
Finnish Air Force Combat Control System(FCCS)
Air Force NCW System in Use: Network and Waveforms
Pentti Leppänen, MATINE/Aluevalvonnan ja MERIVTL:n
seminaari, Espoo 28.10.200910
Flexible Software Based Waveforms (FDLWs) for Various Operational Scenarios
Pentti Leppänen, MATINE/Aluevalvonnan ja MERIVTL:n
seminaari, Espoo 28.10.200911
Finnish Air Force Data Link System (FAFDL)Networks
• Networks separated by FH codes, FH/CDMA, easy user switching between networks
• Users within network separated with TDMA, easy network capacity reallocation for users
• Wide DS spreading provides AJ/LPD/LPI
• Simultaneous Data Link and Secure AJ Voice
Pentti Leppänen, MATINE/Aluevalvonnan ja
MERIVTL:n seminaari, Espoo 28.10.2009 12
The FAFDL Equipment at the Annual National Military Seminar
in Helsinki(Nov. 1st, 2005)
• ”Flying” Prototype of Advanced Data Link System for FDLW5 Waveform
• Proprietary SDR Platform
• Hardware designed for Fighter Environments
• Co-operation between the Finnish Air Force, Telecom Lab/CWC, Patriaand Insta Group
---- Alan KayAlan KayAlan KayAlan Kay
Research within Finnish Software Radio Programme (FSRP)
Pentti Leppänen, MATINE/Aluevalvonnan ja MERIVTL:n
seminaari, Espoo 28.10.200914
WAVEFORM CHARACTERISTICS
LPI / LPDPERFORMANCE
ANTI - JAMMINGFEATURES
Operational needs
RELA
TIVE
PE
RFO
RMAN
CE
TRANSMISSION
CAPACITY
Pentti Leppänen, MATINE/Aluevalvonnan ja MERIVTL:n
seminaari, Espoo 28.10.200915
Role of CWC in FSRP Programme
• Specification of AWNW tactical communication waveform
- Adaptive Wideband Networking Waveform
• Specification of NTPS tactical positioning system
- National Tactical Positioning Waveform
• Specification of adaptive antenna (AA) system
• Initial specification of demonstrator hardware platform architecture
• Specification of field & laboratory measurement campaings
• Analysis and reporting of measurements
• Further development of the waveforms and AA system
• Specification of uniform SDR base band architecture which can be used for both AWNW and NTPS and can also be used for other waveforms
Pentti Leppänen, MATINE/Aluevalvonnan ja
MERIVTL:n seminaari, Espoo 28.10.2009 16
Adaptive Antenna Array in the measument campaingat Upinniemi Naval Base
Finnish Software Defined Radio Demonstrator
Pentti Leppänen, MATINE/Aluevalvonnan ja
MERIVTL:n seminaari, Espoo 28.10.200917
S&D – Current Research Themes
• Adaptive transceiver and waveform design:– multidimensional signal structures for hostile environments,– multiantenna transceiver algorithms and architectures,– SDR architectures.
• Sensor networks:– energy efficient surveillance networks,
– person and object positioning in hostile environments.
• Flexible tactical network topologies:– mobile ad-hoc networks,– mesh networks for hostile environments.
Pentti Leppänen, MATINE/Aluevalvonnan ja
MERIVTL:n seminaari, Espoo 28.10.200918
Research Trends on Security & Safety• Wireless Sensor Networks are clearly needed also in the security applications
– Surveillance and protection of limited areas, for example industrial plants, ports and air ports
• Common broadband connection for public safety actors is needed to implement efficient common situational picture!
– Modification of WiMAX might be a starting point where it can be used as a interim solution
– Modification of WLAN could also offer some possibilities for short-range MANETs
Pentti Leppänen, MATINE/Aluevalvonnan ja
MERIVTL:n seminaari, Espoo 28.10.200919
Views on Security Area
• In Europe wireless security systems development will be standard-driven, there will be no significant national efforts– Wireless sensor networks will probably be standard-free
• SDR technology fielding:– First to be used to interconnect legacy communication systems
– In the second phase SDR will be fielded to handheld devices as technology maturates within the military SDR development projects
• Cognitive radio technologies will be incorporated well after military
Pentti Leppänen, MATINE/Aluevalvonnan ja
MERIVTL:n seminaari, Espoo 28.10.200920
ALANnodes
STANnodes
TARGET
Wak
eup
Wakeup
Wakeup
Wakeup
AL
AR
M
SUSANnodes
ALANnod es
STANnodes
TARG ET
Wak
eup
W a keu p
W akeup
Wakeu p
ALA
RM
S USANnodes
Intruder trackingcan be done byneighbor nets
• The network includes the following parts:
– ALArm Network/node (ALAN)
– Surveillance and TArget tracking Network/node (STAN)
– SUper Secure Access Network/node (SUSAN).Different radio interfaces
Different network topologiesMultiple detectors/sensors
Area Surveillance and Monitoring Network
- Alan Kay
CWC – Ongoing Research & Technology Co-operation on S&D Area in Europe
Pentti Leppänen, MATINE/Aluevalvonnan ja
MERIVTL:n seminaari, Espoo 28.10.20092222
S&D-tutkimustoiminta EU:n EDAn ja FP7:n puitteissa
• ETARE - Enabling Technology for Advanced Radio in Europe– EDA Ad Hoc Type B, 2,5 vuotta, 480 htkk, kustannusarvio ~6,6 M€ (Suomi
CWC ~850 k€)– CWC:n tutkimustyö 88 htkk, rahoitus 850 k€ (PV 720 k€ ja CWC 130 k€),
aikataulu 31.5.2010 mennessä– tutkimustyö htkk: System requirements 5, Network layer 30, MAC layer
20, PHY layer 22, OFDMA radio access 8– EB+INSTA+Patria, 6+6+6 htkk, tutkimustyö 374 k€ (PV 187 k€ ja
teollisuus 187 k€)
• ESSOR - European Secure Software Defined Radio– EDA Cat B, 5 vuotta, kustannusarvio n. 100 M€– ESSOR-toteutuksen tuki (EB:n ja INDRAn konsultointia)– 400 htt, yhteensä maks. 60 k€ (40 k€ ja matkat), PVTT maksaa, aikataulu
31.03.2010 mennessä
• WOLF - Wireless rObust Link for Field operations– EDA Ad Hoc Type A, EDA Force Protection Joint Investment Programme,
2nd Call– 2 years, ~10 M€, 510 man months (CWC 450 k€)– CWC:n tutkimustyö 39 htkk, rahoitus 450 k€ (EDA 400 k€ ja CWC 50 k€),
aikataulu 30.11.2010 mennessä– tutkimustyö htkk: Urban operational requirements 1, Radio access
definition 13, High data rate SIS definition 10, Waveform SDR implementation analysis 3, WOLF ad-hoc Networking definition 12
Pentti Leppänen, MATINE/Aluevalvonnan ja
MERIVTL:n seminaari, Espoo 28.10.200923
ESSOR - European Secure Software Defined Radio
• EDA Cat B programme and estimated budget 100 M€
• Main objectives
– Development of interoperable SDR (2010 – 2015)
– Common security bases to increase interoperability
– Balanced transatlantic relationship on SDR
• Work packages
– CONOPS and technical requirements
– Common architecture and national prototype
– HDR operational coalition waveform
– Security
– Certification environment
Pentti Leppänen, MATINE/Aluevalvonnan ja
MERIVTL:n seminaari, Espoo 28.10.200924
ETARE - Enabling Technology for Advanced Radio in Europe
Overview
• EDA Ad Hoc Type B• 2,5 years, 480 man months, ~6,6 M€• Participants
– Thales Italia S.p.A. (TIT)– Thales Communications Belgium SA (TCB)– Thales Communications France (TCF)– University of Rome (ULS), Italy– INRIA, France– University of Oulu, Centre for Wireless Communications (CWC) of Finland
– Elektrobit Ltd (EB) from Finland– Insta Group Ltd (INSTA) from Finland– Patria Ltd (PATRIA) from Finland
• The consortium SLIE is TIT from Italy
Pentti Leppänen, MATINE/Aluevalvonnan ja
MERIVTL:n seminaari, Espoo 28.10.200925
ETARE - Enabling Technology for Advanced Radio in Europe
Objectives:• To study and define a HDRN waveform building blocks which can be used
to enhance the waveform which will be developed in ESSOR project
• To involve more actors in the technology base for a European HDRN waveform
• To propose the waveform technologies for the ongoing NATO standardisation process
• The waveform technologies could also be used in national waveforms
Key Principles:• High troughput (some hundred Kbps to some Mbps)
• High flexibility in terms of operational scenario (power control, data rate vs antijam,..)
• High resistance to jamming and interception
• Video, Voice and data services with specific QoS requirements
• TCP/IP interfaces
• Mobile Ad-hoc network, self-configuring
Pentti Leppänen, MATINE/Aluevalvonnan ja
MERIVTL:n seminaari, Espoo 28.10.200926
WOLF - Wireless rObust Link for Field operations
Overview
• EDA Ad Hoc Type A• EDA Force Protection Joint Investment Programme, 2nd Call• 2 years, ~10 M€, 510 man months
• Robust inter/intra team communication waveform development, targeted on urban operations.
• Addresses also situational awareness issues in urban operations• Consortium:
Pentti Leppänen, MATINE/Aluevalvonnan ja
MERIVTL:n seminaari, Espoo 28.10.200927
WOLF - Wireless rObust Link for Field operations
Existing solutions
3/11/0
Land & Joint Systems
� France:
� SAGEM - FELIN RIF
� Italy
� SELEX – PRR
� THALES – STARMILLE
� Germany
� THALES – SOLAR 400
� United States
� ITT – SPEARNET
� RAYTHEON – MICROLIGHT
� HARRIS – SPR
Pentti Leppänen, MATINE/Aluevalvonnan ja
MERIVTL:n seminaari, Espoo 28.10.2009
28
CWC CWC CWC CWC ConfidentialConfidentialConfidentialConfidential
LE-UAV Technology Demonstration Study on Digital Line of Sight (LOS)and Beyond Line of Sight (BLOS) Data Links for Long-Endurance
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles
Pentti Leppänen, MATINE/Aluevalvonnan ja
MERIVTL:n seminaari, Espoo 28.10.20092929
S&D-tutkimustoiminta EU:n EDAn ja FP7:n puitteissa
• EULER; - EUropean SDR for wireLess in secuRity operations– FP 7 Security Research IP SEC-2007, Activity 4 - Restoring Security & Safety in Case of Crisis, 3 years, ~15 M€ (CWC ~600 k€)
– CWC:n tutkimustyö 33 htkk, rahoitus ~600 k€ (FP7 500 k€ ja CWC 100 k€), aikataulu 80% työstä 30.6.2010 ja 20% työstä31.10.2011 mennessä
– Tutkimustyö htkk: Requirements, State of art and recommendations 4, System architecture 5, SDR wf and related components 4, Dissemination and standardisation 20
– CWC:n tutkimustyö yht. 162,5 htkk, pääosa aikataulullisesti vuoden 2010 syksyyn mennessä
– tutkimustyön rahoitus yht. ~1900 k€, josta CWC:n osuus ~380 k€?
Pentti Leppänen, MATINE/Aluevalvonnan ja
MERIVTL:n seminaari, Espoo 28.10.200930
EULER - EUropean SDR for wireLess in secuRity operationsOverwiev
• FP 7 Security Research IP SEC-2007• 3 years, ~15 M€• Participants
– THALES Communications France, France– Indra, Spain– Selex Communications, Italy– Datamat, Italy
– Telespazio, Italy– EADS Secured Networks, France– EADS Secured Networks, Germany– Rohde & Schwarz, Germany– EADS Astrium, United Kingdom
– Prismtech, United Kingdom– T.N.O, The Netherlands– Saab Communications, Sweden– CWC – University of Oulu, Finland
– IMEC, Belgium– University of Budapest, Hungary– Joint research center (JRC) E.U.– University of Pisa, Italy– Elektrobit, Finland
Euler mission:
Leverage software defined radio to bring novel efficient interoperability capabilities to wireless systems used by
security forces when confronted to joint operations in crisis
situations.
Pentti Leppänen, MATINE/Aluevalvonnan ja
MERIVTL:n seminaari, Espoo 28.10.200931
EULER - EUropean SDR for wireLess in secuRity operations
Content / Scope
• Topic– Wireless communication for EU crisis management
• The task is to build upon recent efforts on the software defined radio (SDR) architecture standard shared at European level and based upon the software communications architecture (SCA) concepts.
• The work consists of specifying, designing and developing a security referential platform including high data rate waveforms (software defining the services, communication protocols, interfaces, algorithms, security features, spectrum use, etc. for SDR) for security applications.
• The objective is to improve seamless communication between European security organisations and to demonstrate interoperability by means of deploying the SDR concept, architecture, and common information security architecture and defining and validating a new proposal for a security waveform for EU crisis management operations by demonstrating the portability of this security waveform between different referential platforms.
- Alan Kay
CWC/Telecom Laboratory – Research Impact and Achievements
Pentti Leppänen, MATINE/Aluevalvonnan ja
MERIVTL:n seminaari, Espoo 28.10.200933
CWC – Research Impact CWC/Telecom Lab’s Role in Fundamental Technology Development
for the Needs of Industry
3G standard technology developed in FRAMES project
199719901986 1999 2007
Proposal for IEEE802.15.3a and related ASIC
2015
Pentti Leppänen, MATINE/Aluevalvonnan ja
MERIVTL:n seminaari, Espoo 28.10.200934
CWC – Research Impact (2)Broadband Wireless Access
UMTS standard generation
3G-LTE IMT- Advanced?
Today
1999 200819931990
1996
200319961995
Pentti Leppänen, MATINE/Aluevalvonnan ja
MERIVTL:n seminaari, Espoo 28.10.200935
CWC – Research Impact (3) Short Range Communications
NOKIA launched Wibree technology 2007
Patents IR-UWB
UWB ASIC
Today
2000 20041999
UWB ASIC v.2 with international industry
2008
IEEE802.15.3 essential patent
Pentti Leppänen, MATINE/Aluevalvonnan ja
MERIVTL:n seminaari, Espoo 28.10.200936
CWC – Research Impact (4) Security and Defence
Finnish Software Radio Demonstrator by Elektrobit led consortium
European Software Radio by European Consortium
Today
2000 200919931988
Tactical radio communication and positioning system for Finnish Navy
1997
Pentti Leppänen, MATINE/Aluevalvonnan ja MERIVTL:n
seminaari, Espoo 28.10.200937
European SDRactivities on militaryand security & safetyfields
AWNWNTPS
FAF Data Link
WirelessSensorNetworks
FP 6 & 7
SatcomGNSS
Finnish Air Force Datalink-ECCM Waveform-Common Situational Picture w/ fighters-Secure digital speech-TDMA within net-FHMA with nets-Easy forming of nets-Easy to change the net-In operational use in Finland
Finnish Navy waveforms for command positioning•ECCM w/ FH-DS & advanced signal processing•Data rates from few kbps to Mbps•Structured and MANET modes•HDR, LPI and AJ submodes•Positioning accuracy 5 m under heavy jamming•Implemented on Finnish SDR demo platform
European military waveform•High Data Rate•Adaptive (anti jam, LPI, HDR)•MANET: self-forming, self-healing•ECCM functionalities•Effective in RF point of view•Full IPv6 support
European security waveform• High data rate•Based on COTS solutions•Implemented on SDR platform
EU Frame Programme 6 & 7 projectsTopics for example:•Increasing the ECCM properties of Galileo/GPS•Increasing the PA efficiency•Waveform descpriptionmethods for SDR platforms
Sensor networks for military and security applications•Use cases for both applications•Novel air interface solutions•Efficient MAC and routing algorithms•Novel positioning of the air borne sensornetworks•Demonstration of developed methods by using developer kits (by Sensinode)
Activities of CWC in the field of military and special communications
Pentti Leppänen, MATINE/Aluevalvonnan ja
MERIVTL:n seminaari, Espoo 28.10.200938
Tutkimuksen arviointia• Based on the International Research Assessment of the University
of Oulu during 2007 the Assessment Panel provided the Telecom Laboratory/CWC:– Overall ranking as numerical rating 6/7 (Excellent) (in scale 1-7).
– The top performing senior staff deserves the rating 7/7 (Outstanding, Exceptionally Good).
– Research Active Staff (RAS) 57,3; average 2001-2006
• Huom! Tekniikan alan tutkimuksen kokonaisarviointi tehtiin ensimmäistä kertaa Suomessa.
• Oulun yliopisto on sijoittunut 08/2008 julkaistussa yliopistojenShanghain-rankingissa maailman 500 parhaan yliopiston joukkoon. – Suomalaisista yliopistoista Oulun ja Turun yliopistot ovat toiseksi parhaat
sijoitusluokassa 303–401.
– Paras on Helsingin yliopisto sijalla 68.
– Luokassa 402-503 olivat Jyväskylän ja Kuopion yliopistot sekä Teknillinen korkeakoulu
• Japanin hallituksen teettämä tietoliikennealan arviointi IEEEn julkaisuista
– CWC globaalisessa kuuden kärkijoukossa
Pentti Leppänen, MATINE/Aluevalvonnan ja
MERIVTL:n seminaari, Espoo 28.10.200939
CWC:n merkitys kansallisesti/kansainvälisestiTOIMINNAN TULOKSIA
• CWC:lla oli merkittävä rooli mm. 3. sukupolven matkapuhelin-järjestelmien (UMTS-konsepti) tutkimuksessa 1990-luvulla ainoana suomalaisena yliopistoryhmänä osana merkittävää eurooppalaista konsortiota.
• CWC:n vahva panostus langattomien järjestelmien kokonaisvaltaiseen tutkimukseen (järjestelmätutkimukseen) on mahdollistanut myös sen, että CWC on kehittänyt perusratkaisut joihinkin puolustusvoimien joko operatiivisessa käytössä tai demonstrointivaiheessa oleviin järjestelmiin:– Ilmapuolustuksen taktinen radiojärjestelmä hävittäjätorjunnan johtamiseen,
– Merivoimien uuden sukupolven taktinen radiojärjestelmä, sekä kansallinen, satelliiteista riippumaton radiopaikannusjärjestelmä kriisiajan käyttöön,
– Erittäin häirintäsietoinen ja tiedustelulta suojattu suuren datanopeuden radiolinkkikonsepti maavoimien ja erikoisjärjestelmien käyttöön,
– Adaptiivisten antennijärjestelmien hyödyntäminen taktisissa järjestelmissä– Ohjelmistoradiotekniikan soveltaminen taktisiin radiojärjestelmiin
– Research on BLOS/LOS data link solutions for Long Endurance Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (LE-UAV) with PATRIA led consortium
• CWC:n kokemuksia erilaisista yhteistoimintamalleista:– Tietoliikennejärjestelmän suunnittelumalli lähtien operatiivisteknisestä
vaatimusmäärittelystä tietoliikennejärjestelmän kuvaukseen (tekninen eritelmä)
– Yhteistyömalli ja –prosessi puolustusvoimien/tutkimuksen/yritysten välillätutkimuksesta, demonstraattoreiden kautta prototyyppiin ja sarjavalmistukseen
– Aaltomuodon kehitysprosessi ”spiral development”– Suurten tutkimushankkeiden koordinointi ja prime contractor-rooli ---- Alan KayAlan KayAlan KayAlan Kay
Yleistä CWC:n kognitivisten radioiden ja verkkojen tutkimuksesta
Professori Pentti Leppänen
MATINE/Aluevalvontajaosto ja MERIVTLTutkimusseminaari 29.10.2009 Espoo
Pentti Leppänen, MATINE/Aluevalvonnan ja MERIVTL:n
seminaari, Espoo 28.10.2009 41
Cognitive Radio System
Pentti Leppänen, MATINE/Aluevalvonnan ja MERIVTL:n seminaari,
Espoo 28.10.2009 42
Background
• CWC has a proven track record on SDR & waveform research
– First Finnish entity to carry out basic research on SDRs ; started 1997
– Waveform specification for Finnish Defence Forces within the Finnish SDR demo programme
– Waveform implementation, testing and verification support for industry in Finnish SDR demo programme
– Support for European ESSOR SDR programme
– Partner in EDA WOLF programme
– Partner in EDA ETARE programme
• Flexible spectrum usage & CRN research since 2005
– CWC has established partnering network in Europe (CORASMA preparations etc.)
• CWC started to work on its own CRN demonstrator on 2008
Pentti Leppänen, MATINE/Aluevalvonnan ja MERIVTL:n seminaari,
Espoo 28.10.2009 43
CWC:n tutkimusaiheita kognitiivisissa radioissa ja verkoissa
• Peliteorian soveltaminen
• Opportunistinen spektrinkäyttö IMT-A:ssa
• Hajautettu radioresurssienhallinta
• Käyttäjien yhteistyö verkkojen hallinnassa, jne.
• Ad-Hoc-reititysprokollat
• Mobile Networks & Broadcasting Co-existing (QosMos)
Pentti Leppänen, MATINE/Aluevalvonnan ja MERIVTL:n seminaari,
Espoo 28.10.2009 44
CWC:n varttuneet kongitiivisten verkkojen ja radioiden osaajat
• Professoreita:
– 3 professoria + 1 nimitysvaiheessa oleva professuuri
• Post-doc-tutkijat:
– 4 tohtoria
• Projektitutkijoita:
– ~20 tutkijaa, ~150 htkk
• Kv-yhteistyö:
– EU:n puiteohjelmien kautta
– USA; Rice Univ, Virginia Tech, Univ. of Maryland USA
– Japani; YNU, NICT, Osaka Univ
Pentti Leppänen, MATINE/Aluevalvonnan ja MERIVTL:n seminaari,
Espoo 28.10.2009 45
Cognitive Radio and Networks activities in CWC
Ongoing efforts at CWC
• Cognac – basic cognitive networking research issues
– Cognitive and opportunistic wireless communication networks
– 3-year startegic research project in collaboration with VTT
• EULER – Public Safety Communications
– European Software Defined radio for wireless in joint security operations
– Waveform demonstrations in SDR platforms by 2011
– CWC contributes to cognitive aspects in network configuration and frequency allocation issues
• Panu – Future civilian commercial networking
• QosMOS – QoS and Mobility in cognitive radio systems
• Winner+ – Research and innovations in IMT-Advanced
• Cognitive networking with WARP platforms
3.11.2009 CWC | Centre For Wireless Communications 45
Pentti Leppänen, MATINE/Aluevalvonnan ja MERIVTL:n seminaari,
Espoo 28.10.2009 46
Cognac - research issues
• Sensing of spectrum white spaces
– Cooperative sensing
• Channel access in multichannel/heterogeneous environment
• Cooperative resource sharing
– Game theory applied
• Implementation issues: How can the cognitive cycle be realized in real networks and in single radios?
3.11.2009 CWC | Centre For Wireless Communications 46
00
Portable
ObserveDetect non occupied bandwidth
Detect interference
...
Learn & DecideAssess opportunities
Change frequency band
Change protocol
Adapt modulation/coding
Change RATAdapt
Reconfiguration
Air Interface switching
...
DSA
Etiquettes
Regulation
Security
Health constraints
Extra system info
Localization
...
Sensing
External policies
and others
Cognitive Manager
Reconfigurable HW/
SW platform
Decision
Pentti Leppänen, MATINE/Aluevalvonnan ja MERIVTL:n seminaari,
Espoo 28.10.2009 47
EULER – Mobile Broadband for PSC
• Euler provides wireless networking capabilities for security andresque personnel
• Autonomousnetworkconfigurationandmaintenanceat the siteis one keyrequirement.
3.11.2009 CWC | Centre For Wireless Communications 47
Pentti Leppänen, MATINE/Aluevalvonnan ja MERIVTL:n seminaari,
Espoo 28.10.2009 48
PANU - Packet Access Networks with Flexible Spectrum
Use
• Research focus areas– Efficient and flexible spectrum sharing between multiple radio networks or network operators
– Radio resource management and radio link control in wireless broadband packet access networks
– Novel network topologies (e.g., distributed antenna MIMO concept, direct device-to-device, fixed&mobile relays, mesh/ad hoc topologies, femtocells) for local connectivity
– Development and implementation of MAC protocols for opportunistic wireless multihop networks
– Cross-layer/layerless design and optimization
⇒ PANU is targeting IMT-Advanced and beyond 4G systems
3.11.2009 CWC | Centre For Wireless Communications 48
Pentti Leppänen, MATINE/Aluevalvonnan ja MERIVTL:n seminaari,
Espoo 28.10.2009 49
PANU – Examples of network topologies
3.11.2009 CWC | Centre For Wireless Communications 49
IPv6 Radio Access
Network
Direct device-to-device communications
Distributed antenna
MIMO concept
Ad-hoc multihop extension
via relay node
relay node
Relays for improved coverage/capacity
A
B A -> B
Inter-operator interaction
Wireless mesh
router backbone
Wireless mesh clients
Basic cellular
Overlapping macro- and
femto-cells
Pentti Leppänen, MATINE/Aluevalvonnan ja MERIVTL:n seminaari,
Espoo 28.10.2009 50
QoSMos - Quality of Service and MObility
driven cognitive radio Systems• QoSMOS will research and develop the tools and techniques that allow
opportunistic use of radio spectrum where users are moving, while receiving a managed Quality of Service (QoS).
• CWC contributes to– Mobility and
QoS, and Cognitive Spectrum Manager
– Radio Environment Mapping and Sensing
– System Architecture
– Dissemination and
Exploitation
3.11.2009 CWC | Centre For Wireless Communications 50
Pentti Leppänen, MATINE/Aluevalvonnan ja MERIVTL:n seminaari,
Espoo 28.10.2009 51
WINNER+ - Objectives
• Research, system integration and evaluation of innovations in areas with high potential of exploitation in IMT-Advanced
• Harmonisation of innovations in the pre-standardisation phase
• Contribution to standard organisations of technology elements suitable to IMT-Advanced
• Joint European input to IMT-Advanced process, evaluation and technology
– Utilisation of strong ITU-R Channel by using the WINNER brand
– Evaluation and demonstration of selected key technologies
3.11.2009 CWC | Centre For Wireless Communications 51
Pentti Leppänen, MATINE/Aluevalvonnan ja MERIVTL:n seminaari,
Espoo 28.10.2009 52
WINNER+ - Flexible Radio Interface
3.11.2009 CWC | Centre For Wireless Communications 52
Pentti Leppänen, MATINE/Aluevalvonnan ja MERIVTL:n seminaari,
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SDR & Cognitive Radio Network Demonstrations in CWC
• The Wireless open Access Research Platform (WARP platform)
• Building blocks for CRN in tactical environment
• CWC’s Cognitive Radio Network demonstrator
Pentti Leppänen, MATINE/Aluevalvonnan ja MERIVTL:n seminaari,
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Wireless open Access Research Platform (WARP)
• WARPis a initiative by RICE university
• Open community platform
– User groups are encouraged to share their development work
• Extensively Programmable wireless platform (PHY/MAC/NET)
– The RF parts are the only fixed ones, all the rest is programmable
• Tangible wireless experience for researchers
• Extended utility to build multihop Mobile Ad hoc Network (MANET)and Cognitive Radio Networking
– With CWC’s software architechture WARP platform is a true SDR platform (not SCA compliant)
Pentti Leppänen, MATINE/Aluevalvonnan ja MERIVTL:n seminaari,
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• 2.4 & 5 GHz ISM band
• 40 MHz sampling BW
• Capable of 400 hops/shop rate
• SISO & MIMO configs
• Virtex II Pro FPGA
• Wireless, Eth, USB, RS232
• Unit price ~10 000 USD
• CWC has 8 SISO and 3 MIMO platforms
Pentti Leppänen, MATINE/Aluevalvonnan ja MERIVTL:n seminaari,
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Building Blocks for Tactical CRN• TDMA MAC with distributed scheduling for MANET
(DTDMA)– Previously CWC has implemented a distributed FH
synchronization method for multi-hop MANET– CWC has also implemented its first version of TDMA
MAC with distributed scheduling• Built upon previous work done on FH synch• TDMA setup with zero configuration• Automatic time slot reuse within the network• Automatic re-scheduling on case of collisions (because of for example mobility)
• Enables late-entry and network merging– V2 of the MAC will implement various QoS
mechanisms, for example distributed multi-slot on demand (DMSOD) mechanism
– Currently we are using reference PHY for testing purposes (OFDM PHY with 64 sub carriers)• The MAC design is not PHY dependant
– DTDMA MAC demo won the Mobicom 2009 WINTECH demo contest• Two-way live video conferencing over multihop MANET network
• In the demo OLSR proactive MANET routing protocol was used
• Demo network topology could be altered on the fly
Pentti Leppänen, MATINE/Aluevalvonnan ja MERIVTL:n seminaari,
Espoo 28.10.2009 57
Building Blocks for Tactical CRN(2)
• Spectrum sensing
– Needed for congnitive radio networking, has also interest on S&D area on other purposes
– LAD algorithm implemented
– Fits in the FPGA with reference PHY design• Implemented as a separate design; more easier integration into future projects
• Handles 20 MHz at the time
• Adaptive physical layer– Implemented
– Modification of reference PHY
– Center frequency and bandwidth can be tuned on the fly
• BW: 500 kHz, 1 MHz, 5 MHz and 10 MHz
– Not an ideal solution but adaptive enough for us to demonstrate our ideas on opportunistic and cognitive radio networking
Pentti Leppänen, MATINE/Aluevalvonnan ja MERIVTL:n seminaari,
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LE-WARP (Linux Enriched WARP)• Virtex II has 2 PowerPC cores which
are hardcoded ie. the gates can not be utilised otherways
• PPC0 runs full-flavor Linux w/ all the necessary system daemons (syslog, telnet, etc.), a full IPv4 TCP/IP stack, std ethernet driver and a proprietary MAC-eth-driver which makes the WARP MAC running on the PPC1 look like a standard WLAN interface
– Freely available MANET routing protocols for Linux (OLSR, AODV, there might be others too) can be run on the Linux and they can utilise the WARP air interface regardless of the WARP MAC or WARP PHY design!
– => We can develop NET, MAC and PHY layers independently and test and demonstrate whatever combinations we want to!
• Also a proprietary MAC control interface has been developed, which enables the control of the NET from MAC
Application on PC using TCP/IP stack
Application on PC using TCP/IP stack
Ethernet driver & Ethernet interface of the PC
Ethernet driver & Ethernet interface of the PC
Eth cable
ADC/DACRF
ADC/DACRF
PC
PHY
NET
MAC
Linux
OS
Standalone
OS
• The Linux OS has full TCP/IP stack
• Number of readily available routing
rotocols
can be tested, currently we are using OLSR
• Layers can be developed independently
Pentti Leppänen, MATINE/Aluevalvonnan ja MERIVTL:n seminaari,
Espoo 28.10.2009 59
� Opportunistic and cognitive radio network demonstrator implemented on WARP platform
� CRN MANET
� Integrates all the previous WARP work in the same framework
� A new opportunistic MAC protocol utilising spectrum sensing is implemeted, ready 30.11.2009
� Combination of TDMA and random access + opportunistic traffic channel by link basis
� Our OLSR modification enables Radio Environment Information (REI) exchange in efficient way across the network� Can be used for example to optimize routing within the network
CWC’s Cognitive Radio Network Demonstrator
Spectrum
sensing
Adaptive PHY
Opportunistic MAC
RFAD/DA
Network
layer
Currently LAD algrorithm
Cognitive
engine
One-way commTwo-way comm
Modified WARP reference
design
w/ 10, 5 and 2.5 MHz
bandwidths
Center frequency can be
choosed freely
Cluster 4Cluster 4
Cluster 2Cluster 2
Cluster 3Cluster 3
Cluster 1 Cluster 1
Spectrum occupancyincreases
Pentti Leppänen, MATINE/Aluevalvonnan ja MERIVTL:n seminaari,
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Next Versions of the CWC’s CRN Demonstrator Will Include
• Co-operative spectrum sensing
• Spectrum occupancy history data base usage
• Local autonomous managers of CRN which will be elected based on nodes capabilities
• SW architecture enabling optimization of power usage of node
Pentti Leppänen, MATINE/Aluevalvonnan ja MERIVTL:n seminaari,
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CWC:n julkaisuaktiviteeja 2005-2009
• General Issues on Cognitive Radio and Networks– 14 journal & conference papers
• Adcanced Spectrum Sensing Techniques– 17 journal & conference papers– 2 Diploma thesis– 1 Doctoral thesis
• Adcanced Resource Management Issues– 25 journal & conference papers
• Flexible Spectrum Use and other Adaptation Issues– 13 journal & conference papers
• Harware and Implementation Issues– 10 journal & conference papers
• Myönnettyjä patentteja– 4 – 5
Pentti Leppänen, MATINE/Aluevalvonnan ja MERIVTL:n seminaari,
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Valmistuneita tai valmistumassa olevia diplomitöitä tai väitöskirjoja
• Viimeaikoina valmistuneita diplomitöitä:– Kognitiivinen MAC– Kognitiivinen ECMA-UWB (MB-OFDM)– Spektrin white space estimointi (mitattu ja tehty)– Hajautettu RRM kognitiivisissa verkoissa
• Väitöksiä syksyllä 2009:– “Intelligent Medium Access Control for the Future Wireless Networks”• Kognitiivinen MAC
– “Spectrum Sharing for Future Mobile Cellular Systems”• Flexible Spectrum Use & Game Theory
• Väitöskirjoja työn alla (valmistuvat 2010-11):– 3 opportunistinen spektrin käyttö– 2 peliteorian soveltaminen kognitiivisiin järjestelmiin– 1 kognitiiviset järjestelmät
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